Sexual behaviour and semen characteristics of boars: effects of high temperature

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (108) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
CG Winfield ◽  
PH Hemsworth ◽  
DB Galloway ◽  
AW Makin
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Large White ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Semen Characteristics ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Copulatory Behaviour

The effect of 4,7 or 10-day periods of high air temperatures on the sexual behaviour and semen characteristics of mature Large White crossbred boars was determined in three experiments. In experiment 1, boars kept at 40�C for 8 hours and 30�C for 16 hours each day for 7 days had lower courting behaviour activity when tested at 40�C than control boars tested at <25�C. After similar heat treatment in experiment 2, boars tested at 30�C showed no significant differences in courting or copulatory behaviour from control boars, but the semen of two of six treated boars showed evidence of severe testicular- epididymal dysfunction. The semen of a third treated boar showed evidence of moderate testicular-epididymal dysfunction. In experiment 3, four boars were given a similar daily high temperature cycle to the above, either for 4 or 10 days. Two of the four boars given high temperatures for 10 days had semen with signs of severe testicular-epididymal dysfunction. The semen of the other two boars in this group, and one boar treated for 4 days, showed evidence of moderate dysfunction. It was concluded that during hot weather boars will mate normally during the cooler part of the day, and that they are able to tolerate short periods of heat stress (< 4 days) without detriment to semen characteristics. Protection from longer periods of high temperatures ( > 7 days) is necessary.

The influence of pasture distribution and temperature on habitat selection by feral pigs in a semi-arid environment

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Dexter
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
North West ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Two Parameters

The two parameters believed to influence habitat utilisation by feral pigs and wild boar (Sus scrofa) are protection from high temperatures and distribution of food. However, whether there is an interaction between these parameters is unknown. To examine the influence of high temperature on habitat utilisation, the use of four rangeland habitats (shrubland, woodland, riverine woodland, and ephemeral swamps) by feral pigs in north-west New South Wales, Australia, was measured by radio-telemetry during and after a drought. In each habitat, protection from high temperature was indexed once by vegetation cover, at three strata, while over the course of the study, food distribution was indexed by estimating pasture biomass in each habitat. Riverine woodland provided the most shelter from high temperature, followed by woodland, shrubland and ephemeral swamps. On average, ephemeral swamps had the highest pasture biomass, followed by riverine woodland, shrubland and woodland. The amount of pasture in each habitat increased after the drought but changed at different rates. During autumn, spring and summer feral pigs preferred riverine woodland but in winter shrubland was preferred. Multivariate regression indicated that habitat utilisation was significantly influenced by pasture biomass in shrubland and mean maximum temperature in the study area. The results suggest that feral pigs are restricted by high temperatures to more shady habitats during hot weather but when the constraint of high temperature is relaxed they distribute themselves more according to the availability of food.

High Temperature Implantation in Graphite

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Braunstein ◽  
B.S. Elman ◽  
M.S. Dresselhaus ◽  
G. Dresselhaus ◽  
T. Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering ◽  
The Other ◽  
Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Graphite Lattice ◽  
Partial Annealing

ABSTRACTIn previous studies it was found that when highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is implanted at room temperature, the damage caused by the implantation could be completely annealed by heating the sample to temperatures higher than ∼ 2500°C. However at these high temperatures, the implanted species was found to diffuse out of the sample, as evidenced by the disappearance of the impurity peak in the Rutherford backscattering (RBS) spectrum. If, on the other hand, the HOPG crystal was held at a high temperature (≥ 600°C) during the implantation, partial annealing could be observed. The present work further shows that it is possible to anneal the radiation damage and simultaneously to retain the implants in the graphite lattice by means of high temperature implantation (Ti ≥ 450°C) followed by annealing at 2300°C.

scholarly journals Some effects of high air temperatures and muscular exertion upon colliers

1923 ◽  
Vol 95 (666) ◽  
pp. 181-200 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Student ◽  
Muscular Exertion ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Air Temperatures

This paper deals with the work undertaken by the author while he was Tyndall Research Student of the Royal Society. The investigations fall under the following four distinct headings:— 1. The Food Consumption of Colliers and its relation to Underground temperature conditions. 2. Respiratory Exchange of a Collier during work. 3. Relation of High Temperatures and Work to Sweating. 4. Miners’ Cramp. Each branch of investigation is related to underground temperature conditions, and has in consequence a bearing upon each of the other sections.

TEMPERATURE-CONTROLLED MERISTIC VARIATION IN THE PARADISE FISH MACROPODUS OPERCULARS (L.)

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lindsey
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Final Count ◽  
Meristic Variation ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
Paradise Fish

Eggs from one pair of paradise fish Macropodus opercularis (L.) were reared at different constant temperatures, and the effects were noted on dorsal and anal fin ray, spine and basal counts, caudal and pectoral ray counts, and vertebral counts. Some young were transferred from low to high temperatures after varying periods to determine the duration of sensitivity of meristic series to environmental influence. Intermediate sustained temperature produced significantly fewer vertebrae than either low or high temperature. Different rearing temperatures produced different ray, spine, and basal counts; variation in each of these series was largely independent of vertebral variation and of variation in the other series. Eggs hatched less than two days after fertilization, but some meristic series were still subject to environmental influence 20 days later. The order of fixation of the final count in different series roughly followed the order of their ontogenetic appearance. While "shock effect" was apparent in some changes produced by temperature transfers, there was a general tendency for counts of certain lots of fish transferred from low to high temperature to approximate counts of fish reared at sustained intermediate temperatures.

A Study of Ta2O5 for use as High Temperature Piezoelectric Sensors

1996 ◽  
Vol 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Jooste ◽  
H. J. Viljoen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Piezoelectric Effect ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Acoustic Sensors

ABSTRACTAcoustic sensors which can function at high temperatures have important potential uses. In this work we report on the deposition, characterization and qualitative assessment of piezoelectric behaviour of orthorhombic Ta2O5• It is shown that orthorhombic Ta2O5 belongs to the class 2mm. XRD analysis of films annealed for 1 min., 10 min. and 1 hr at 800°C and 900°C reveal the formation of (0 0 1), (1 10 0) and (1 11 0) orientations at 800 °C, but the (1 10 0) increases at the expense of the other two as the annealing period is extended. At 900°C the dominant orientations are (1 10 0) and (2 9 0). The piezoelectric effect is significantly stronger after annealing and the stronger piezoelectric effect does not correlate with the presence of (1 10 0) and (2 9 0) so much as with the absence of (0 0 1) and (1 11 0).

scholarly journals Impact of the Choice of Land Surface Scheme on a Simulated Heatwave Event: The Case of Sichuan-Chongqing Area, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ma ◽  
X.-M. Zeng ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
N. Wang ◽  
Y. Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Sensible Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Medium Range ◽  
Basin Topography ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
High Consistency

The Sichuan-Chongqing area in China has complex basin topography and is known for its extremely hot summer weather. In this paper, the mesoscale model WRF version 3.6.1 was used to simulate a period of 1–10 days in advance of the hot weather that occurred in Sichuan-Chongqing on August 10, 2006, to investigate the effect of six different land surface schemes (LSSs) (SLAB, RUC, PX, NOAH, NOAH_MP, and CLM4) on short- and medium-range simulations of high temperatures. The simulated surface air temperatures (SATs) are sensitive to the LSSs and simulation lengths. Specifically, all of the LSSs except PX generally reproduce the observed high temperatures, with CLM4 SATs at 06 UTC (SAT06) the most consistent with measurements whereas the short-range (medium-range) results from NOAH_MP (NOAH) are the worst. Detailed explanations were given in terms of surface fluxes and physical processes. RUC soil moisture initialization appears poor and the LSS reflects too strong gravity drainage. When the LSSs with increased numbers of soil layers are used, the simulated high temperatures are found more consistent with measurements. Additionally, regional sensible heat flux (SHF) does not show high consistency with SAT. The results that differ from the previous studies are partly due to the complex geography and the LSS deficiencies.

Comparison of a Current Mode Reference Generator vs.a ΔVBE Bandgap Circuit in a 1.0μm Partially-Depleted Silicon-On-Insulator CMOS Process for High Temperature (220 °C) Environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (HiTEN) ◽  
pp. 000234-000237
Author(s):  
Alex Pike ◽  
Adrien Corne ◽  
Frank Bohac ◽  
Ravi Ananth
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Wide Temperature Range ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Reference Generator ◽  
A Current

Abstract Two different reference generator circuits were designed, fabricated and tested, on the same silicon die using a 1.0μ CMOS SOI process that is suitable for operation at high temperatures. One of the reference generators was a traditional bandgap circuit. The other was a more novel current-mode reference that can notionally generate any output voltage. Testing was performed over a wide temperature range from −50°C to 220°C with a supply variation of 4V to 6V.

High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance and Crack-Healing Function of Ni/Al2O3 Nano-Hybrid Materials

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 2148-2153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Nanko
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Temperature Annealing ◽  
Crack Healing ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Co Dispersion

High-temperature oxidation resistance of Ni/Al2O3 nano-hybrid materials was described in this paper. Y2O3 doping and SiC co-dispersion in Ni/Al2O3 nano-hybrid materials are useful techniques to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance. On the other hand, nano-Ni/Al2O3 has the crack healing function by high-temperature annealing in air. SiC-Ni/Al2O3 nano-hybrid materials have similar crack healing performance with better oxidation resistance at high temperatures than Ni/Al2O3 nano-hybrid materials.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Performance of Six Potted Anthurium Cultivars in a Subtropical Area

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Tung Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subtropical Area ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Warm Environment ◽  
Air Temperatures

Vegetatively propagated liners of six hybrid anthurium cultivars (Anthurium Schott), `Pink Aristocrat', `Patty Anne', `Purple Viking', `Royal Pink', Royal Orange', and `Royal Red', were planted in pots and grown under warm [maximum 30 °C (86 °F)] or hot [maximum 35 °C or (95 °F)] conditions with or without a single foliar application of 500 mg·L-1 (ppm) GA3 and evaluated after 7, 9, and 13 months. GA3, when applied 7 months after planting, did not promote flower production or result in taller plants. Plants in warm and hot areas, except for `Pink Aristocrat', had similar degrees of foliage injury in April, but those in the warm environment had better quality in July than those in the hothouse. Yellow leaves and necrosis on leaf margins were apparent on plants in the hot area. `Pink Aristocrat' was the most (>20 flowers) and `Royal Red' was the least (2 flowers) floriferous after 1 year. Flower color of `Royal Red' was unaffected by high temperature, whereas flowers of the other cultivars faded under heat. Growing these anthurium cultivars at maximum 30 °C (86 °F) air temperatures is recommended for good quality and high flower count.

scholarly journals Influences of high temperature on mechanical properties of fly ash based geopolymer mortars reinforced with PVA fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-406
Author(s):  
Mehmet Kaya ◽  
◽  
Fuat Köksal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber ◽  
Pva Fiber ◽  
High Temperature Effect

In this study, a geopolymer composite containing PVA fiber was produced to recycle waste fly ash and obtain an eco-friendly binder. Mechanical properties of geopolymer mortars, produced by using F class fly ash which was activated with NaOH (sodium hydroxide), and reinforced by PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) fiber were investigated after high temperature effect. Geopolymer mortar samples produced by mixing with fly ash, sand, water and NaOH were placed in standard molds of 40×40×160 mm3. PVA fibers were used at percentages of 0,5%, 1% and 1,5% by volume in the experiment. Tests were performed on mortars exposed to high temperatures of 200°C, 400°C, 600°C and 800°C for physical and mechanical properties. For the specimens not subjected to high temperatures, an increase in the compressive strength of mortars containing PVA fibers was observed in comparison to mortar without PVA fiber. On the other hand, it was concluded that losses in compressive strength were less for mortar without PVA fiber when compared with the mortars containing PVA fibers. As a result of the modeling, the PVA ratio, which gives the optimum flexural and compressive strength, was determined as 1,47%. As a result of melting of PVA fibers under the effect of high temperature, 83,58% loss of compressive strength was determined in samples containing 1,5% PVA after 800ºC temperature.

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