The use of desiccant, defoliant and growth regulating sprays to advance the harvest of edible dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Tasmania

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (123) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Forbes ◽  
JE Pratley
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Potassium Iodide ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Seed Yields

An experiment tested whether growth regulating chemicals could advance harvesting of edible dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) by reducing the moisture content of the pods. Of five chemicals tested at four application times, Endothal, potassium iodide, and potassium iodide plus Ethrel advanced the date of harvest, based on moisture content of the beans, by at least 10 d. Seed yields were greatest at the later application dates of these chemicals. Alar also increased seed yield but did not reduce moisture content.

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) tolerance to imazethapyr

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
G. Saindon
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

A field study was conducted during 3 yr to determine the growth and yield response of Pinto, Pink Red and Great Northern dry beans to various doses of imazethapyr. Imazethapyr was applied postemergence at 0, 25, 50 75 100, 150, and 200 g ha−1 to each class of dry bean. Results indicated that these four classes of dry beans responded similarly to imazethapyr. Dry bean injury increased and yields were reduced as dose of imazethapyr increased. At the proposed use dose of 50 g ha−1, imazethapyr reduced yield by 5 to 6%. Imazethapyr at 100 g ha−1 reduced dry bean yield by 10 to 12% and delayed maturity by 3 to 4 d. Benefits of superior weed control attained with imazethapyr should be weighed against potential crop injury when growers consider using imazethapyr in their dry bean weed management programs. Key words: Herbicide injury, maturity, seed yield, seed weight

Hairy Nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides) Interference in Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Weed Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Blackshaw
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Hairy Nightshade ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Viable Seeds

Field studies were conducted to determine the effect of varying densities of hairy nightshade and varying durations of interference on the biomass and seed yield of dry beans. As few as two hairy nightshade plants per meter of row reduced bean seed yield by an average of 13% over the 2 yr of the study. Increasing the density of hairy nightshade to 100 plants per meter resulted in bean yield losses of 77%. Hairy nightshade interference during the first 3 weeks after crop emergence was sufficient to reduce bean yields. Up to 9 weeks of hairy nightshade-free maintenance after crop emergence was required to prevent bean yield losses. Hairy nightshade was a prolific seed producer. At low infestation densities, over 45 000 seeds per plant were produced. Hairy nightshade seed production peaked at over 300 000 seeds m–1at about 30 plants per m of row. Depending on the length of the growing season, 6 to 9 weeks of weed-free conditions after crop emergence were required to prevent hairy nightshade from producing viable seeds before the first killing frost in the fall. Results are discussed in terms of timing and longevity of control required to reduce hairy nightshade interference in dry beans.

scholarly journals Injury and Yield of Leafhopper-infested Dry Beans

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale T. Lindgren ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Potato Leafhopper ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Plant Injury ◽  
Plot Design

Differences in potato leafhopper (Empoasca fubae Harris) injury symptoms were noted in 22 cultivars or lines of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a 1991 field trial at North Platte, Neb. Seed yield, biomass, and plant injury symptoms were recorded. The same 22 dry bean cultivars or lines were planted in a split-plot design, with main plots protected (sprayed with insecticide) vs. unprotected (not sprayed) and cultivars or lines as subplots in 1992 and 1993. Significant differences were observed between cultivars/lines for leafhopper injury and yield in all 3 years. `Tacaragua' (black-seeded) and pinto `Sierra' were highly resistant to leafhoppers, with no visual leafhopper injury symptoms in all 3 years. Significant negative correlation coefficients between leafhopper injury symptoms and yield were recorded in the protected (4.50) and unprotected (-0.33) plots in 1993 but only in the unprotected (-0.46) plots in 1992. A cultivar x spray interaction response to leafhoppers occurred in 1992 but not in 1993. The degree of leafhopper injury symptoms varied between years.

scholarly journals Leaf Chlorosis and Seed Yield of Dry Beans Grown on High-pH Calcareous Soil following Foliar Iron Sprays

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Z. Zaiter ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
R.B. Clark ◽  
D.T. Lindgren ◽  
P.T. Nordquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Spray Treatment

Iron deficiency chlorosis (FeDC) causes extensive reduction in yields of edible dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown on high-pH and calcareous soils. Fifteen bean cultivars/lines differing in response to FeDC were grown 2 years (1988 and 1989) on a high-pH (8.0), calcareous (2.3% calcium carbonate equivalent in surface 20 cm), and low-Fe (2.2 mg Fe/kg) Typic Haplustolls silt loam in the field (central Nebraska) to determine the effects of FeDC on seed yield of cultivars/lines sprayed with Fe. A significant interaction (P < 0.05) between cultivars/lines × Fe spray treatment was noted for visual FeDC ratings in 1988 only, and no significant interactions were noted for seed yield either year. Sprayed cultivars/lines generally produced higher yields than unsprayed ones. Overall increases were 47% in 1988 and 41% in 1989. Even though only slight FeDC was noted on some cultivars/lines receiving no Fe spray, seed yields were significantly increased when sprayed with Fe. Some cultivars/lines with moderate or moderately severe FeDC ratings did not show a significant increase in yield when sprayed with Fe, while other cultivars/lines did. Seed yield reductions for the cultivars/ lines per unit of FeDC rating (1 = green to 5 = severe chlorosis) were 915 kg·ha-1 for unsprayed and 1518 kg·ha-1 for sprayed plants in 1988 and 344 kg·ha-1 for unsprayed and 608 kg·ha-1 for sprayed plants in 1989.

Chilling effects on leaf photosynthesis and seed yields of Phaseolus vulgaris

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1403-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Beatriz Pena-Valdivia ◽  
Luz del C. ◽  
E. Lagunes ◽  
Hugo R. Perales R.
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Seed Maturity ◽  
Photochemical Activities ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Three common bean cultivars (climbing ‘Negro Mecentral’, bushlike ‘Negro Mecentral’, and ‘Tendergreen’) were studied during seed maturity. A single dark period of a chilling treatment (4 °C, 12 h) resulted in a sizeable reduction of the photochemical and photosynthetic activities of the leaves during the seed maturity stage. Leaf net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance for water vapor were drastically reduced in ‘Tendergreen’ at 28 days after anthesis, but in bushlike ‘Negro Mecentral’ these values decreased until 30 days after anthesis. Chilling drastically reduced electron transport of freshly lysed chloroplasts isolated from bushlike ‘Negro Mecentral’ and ‘Tendergreen’ at 32 days after anthesis. This contrasts with climbing ‘Negro Mecentral’ plants, in which electron transport decreased progressively between 28 and 32 days after anthesis. Photophosphorylation rates at 32 days after anthesis were reduced by 31, 58, and 45% in climbing ‘Negro Mecentral’, bushlike ‘Negro Mecentral’, and ‘Tendergreen’ plants, respectively. Light-dependent proton uptake was more damaged in ‘Tendergreen’ (88%) at 32 days after anthesis than in bushlike ‘Negro Mecentral’ (31%) and climbing ‘Negro Mecentral’ (38%). Seed yield per plant tended to decrease with treatment in climbing ‘Negro Mecentral’ (45% at 32 days after anthesis) and in bushlike ‘Negro Mecentral’ (34% at 32 days after anthesis), whereas in ‘Tendergreen’ the yield apparently was not affected. However, seed weight and size of climbing ‘Negro Mecentral’ decreased following the treatment, while they increased in bushlike ‘Negro Mecentral’ and ‘Tendergreen’. Seed protein content increased dramatically at 28, 30, and 32 days after anthesis in treated bushlike ‘Negro Mecentral’ (52, 78, and 42%, respectively), but it did not change in climbing ‘Negro Mecentral’ and ‘Tendergreen’. In conclusion, the chilling effects on photochemical activities, seed yield, and seed composition of common bean plants at seed maturity vary according to cultivar and plant developmental stage. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, photosynthesis, chilling effect.

scholarly journals Combining ability study over environments in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Iqbal ◽  
FA Nehvi ◽  
SA Wani ◽  
ZA Dar ◽  
AA Lone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene

Combining ability study was carried out in a 10 x 10 diallel set of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for seed yield and its component characters. The 45 F1s generated by crossing ten diverse lines and their parents were evaluated in Randomized Block Design (RBD) in two replications at three locations during Kharif, 2008. Analysis of variance revealed that both gca and sca were influenced by environments, which suggested that studies be conducted over environments to get unbiased estimates. The sca x environment interaction was greater than gca x environment interaction for most of the traits. The relative magnitude of gca and sca variation indicated that greater magnitude of sca variances for all the traits, indicating greater importance of non additive gene action for the inheritance of these traits. SKUA-R-607 and SKUA-R-608 showed high combining ability for seed yield and yield attributing traits. The most promising crosses in order of merit for seed yield were Shalimar Rajmash 1 x SKUA-R-607, SKUA-R-608 x SKUA-R-106 and Shalimar Rajmash -1 x SKUA- R-612. These promising crosses may be improved through conventional breeding methods such as biparental mating and diallel selective meeting, thereafter followed by pedigree method of selection, so as the tight linkage, if any, may be broken and transgressive segregants may be isolated. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v10i2.18324 SAARC J. Agri., 10(2): 61-69 (2012)

THE SUCCESS OF THE LUCERNE MESSAGE IN MARLBOROUGH

1981 ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
A.J. Cresswell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Insect Pest Control ◽  
One Year ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
New Cultivars

This paper, as well as being a testimonial to the benefit the writer has received from the Grassland Association, shows how the knowledge of scientists has been used to increase lucerne seed yields by methods of growing resistant cultivars especially for seed production as opposed to growing for hay, silage or grazing. It shows how new cultivars can be multiplied quickly by growing two crops in one year, one in each hemisphere, by using low seeding rates, wide plant spacing and very good weed control. Increased flowering of the crop has been achieved by the use of boron and the choice of time of closing; better pollination has been achieved by the use of more efficient bees - two varieties of which have been imported from North America. Weed and insect pest control and the use of a desiccant at harvest are contributing to a four-fold increase in seed yield, which should double again soon,

Increase Longleaf Pine Seed Yields by Inhibiting Conelet Abortion

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Hare
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Seed Yields

Abstract A single foliar spray with either antiethylene compounds or cytokinins shortly after anthesis reduced conelet abortion by half and doubled seed production. Spraying with boric acid plus Cytex® , a relatively economical form of cytokinin derived from seaweed, was equally effective,and addition of certain antiethylene compounds further improved seed yield. South. J. Appl. For. 11(1):6-9.

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