Growth and reproduction of Halicarcinus australis (Haswell) (Crustacea, Brachyura) in the Swan estuary, Western Australia. II. Larval stages

Larvae of Halicarcinus australis (Haswell) were collected in vertical plankton samples from eight stations in the Swan estuary during two summers. The majority of samples included live and dead larvae; the high proportion of dead larvae shows that there are other important causes of mortality besides predation. Third stage zoeae (the final larval stage) occur over more restricted salinity and temperature ranges than earlier zoeal stages, and their temporal and spatial distributions in the estuary are also more restricted. Laboratory rearing of H. australis larvae at 16 chlorinity-temperature combinations shows that larvae are less tolerant of extremes of these parameters than crabs. Hydrological conditions unfavourable for larval development occur throughout the estuary in winter and in upstream regions in summer. However, during much of these periods ovigerous females are present in crab populations and larvae are released, thus accounting for some of the mortality apparent from the plankton samples. Third stage zoeae are found progressively further up stream in summer associated with the advance of favourable salinities and with a zone of plankton abundance. Recruitment into crab populations reflects the time of completion of larval development at each locality.

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Description of the first zoeal stage of Synalpheus apioceros Coutière, 1909 (Caridea: Alpheidae), including a comparative analysis with larval morphology from the genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4838.1.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4838 (1) ◽

pp. 71-82

Author(s):

RAFAEL C. SANTOS ◽

RÉGIS A. PESCINELLI ◽

ROGERIO C. COSTA

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Larval Development ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Plumose Seta ◽

Zoeal Stage ◽

Larval Morphology ◽

Morphological Similarity ◽

Similar Morphology ◽

Larval Stages

Herein, the Zoea I of Synalpheus apioceros is described, followed by a comparative analysis of the first larval stage from Synalpheus. Larvae were obtained from two ovigerous females sampled in Ubatuba, São Paulo. The morphology of the Zoea I of S. apioceros was compared to five other Synalpheus species whose structures were previously described: S. biunguiculatus, S. minus, S. neomeris, S. pectiniger, and S. tumidomanus. A set of unique morphological characteristics was found for S. apioceros: exopod of antennule with 4 aesthetascs and 1 plumose seta; coxal endite of maxillule with 2 simple setae plus 2 plumose setae; basial endite of maxillule with 2 simple setae plus 2 short spines; endopod of maxillule with 1 plumose seta plus 2 simple setae; basial endite of maxilla bilobed with 2 (1 plumose and 1 simple) + 2 (1 plumose and 1 simple) setae; coxal endite of maxilla bilobed with 2 + 1 plumose setae; endopod of maxilla with 3 (1 plumose and 2 simple) terminal setae + 2 simple setae; endopod of first maxilliped unsegmented with 3 terminal simple setae; basis of first maxilliped with 5 spines; endopod of second maxilliped 5-segmented with 0, 0, 0, 1 plumodenticulate, 4 (1 serrate + 3 simple) setae; endopod of third maxilliped 5-segmented with 0, 0, 0, 1 simple, 3 simple setae; pereiopods 1st to 3rd birramous and 4th and 5th uniramous. S. apioceros shows higher morphological similarity with S. minus, followed by S. tumidomanus, S. neomeris and S. pectiniger, probably since these species present extended larval development. Besides the similar morphology among species, the unique attributes presented here are important for the genus’ taxonomy, being fundamental for identifying the first larval stages of Synalpheus, as well as for subsidizing information for species identification keys.

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Checklist of the Brachyura of the Brazilian Amazon Coastal Zone and knowledge status of their larval development

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4646.2.6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4646 (2) ◽

pp. 301-321

Author(s):

FRANCIELLY ALCÂNTARA DE LIMA ◽

JUSSARA MORETTO MARTINELLI-LEMOS

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Coastal Zone ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Life Histories ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Pink Shrimp ◽

Shrimp Fishery ◽

Larval Stages ◽

One Stage ◽

Occurrence Of Species

This bibliographic review includes all brachyuran species listed for the Brazilian Amazon Coastal Zone (covering the occurrence of species in the states of Amapá, Pará, and Maranhão), with respective larval development either fully or partially described. Information provided include the current taxon name, taxon authorship, larval stages described, and habitat of the adult of each species. A total of 194 species were recorded in the study area. Of these, 49 (25%) have the larval stages completely described, 25 (13%) have incomplete descriptions of the larval development with at least one stage described, and most of them, 120 species (62%), do not have morphological descriptions of any larval stage. This is clearly a large gap that needs to be filled for the advancement of the knowledge of crab life histories in a unique area of coastal biodiversity. More so because this area faces threats from the pink shrimp fishery and oil prospection activities.

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Morphological descriptions of the larval and first juvenile stages of the decorator crab Camposcia retusa (Latreille, 1829) from laboratory-reared material

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4577 (2) ◽

pp. 295

Author(s):

TIAN XU ◽

CHAOSHU ZENG ◽

KATE S. HUTSON

Keyword(s):

Coral Reefs ◽

Larval Development ◽

Red Sea ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Juvenile Stages ◽

Decorator Crab ◽

Newly Hatched Larvae ◽

First Time

The complete larval and first crab stages of the decorator crab Camposcia retusa (Latreille, 1829) are described and illustrated based on laboratory-reared material for the first time. Specimens were obtained from larvae hatched from adult crabs collected from coral reefs of Queensland, Australia. Newly hatched larvae were successfully reared to settlement as the first-stage crabs. Larval development consisted of two zoeal stages and one megalopal stage. The morphology of each larval stage was compared with those available from a previous study using material from the Red Sea. Due to substantial differences in morphology of the second zoeal and megalopal stages between the two studies, we argue that these larval stages described by the earlier report may not be that of C. retusa. Finally, the morphological characters of both larval and first crab stages of C. retusa are also compared with the corresponding stages of previously reported Inachidae.

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Description of early larval stages of Upogebia vasquezi (Gebiidea: Upogebiidae) reared in laboratory

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315411000956 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 335-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Danielly Brito de Oliveira ◽

Jussara Moretto Martinelli ◽

Fernando Araújo Abrunhosa

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Central America ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

The Bahamas ◽

Western Atlantic ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Northern Brazil ◽

Southern Florida

Upogebia vasquezi inhabits the western Atlantic in the regions of southern Florida, the Bahamas, Central America and Brazil (from the States of Maranhão to São Paulo). Its occurrence has been extended to the coastal region of the State of Pará (northern Brazil). There are few descriptions of the larval development of the 116 known species of Upogebia. The present study offers the first description and illustrations of the first two larval stages (zoeas I and II) of U. vasquezi reared in laboratory. The larval features of U. vasquezi were compared with those of two other species of Upogebia, revealing very similar morphological characteristics among species in zoea I. The main variation in this larval stage was in the segmentation of the maxillulary endopod. In zoea II, the number of setae on the scaphognathite was different among some species of Upogebia. The present study contributes to the available literature on the identification of thalassinidean larvae.

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The Early Stages of Nephrops norvegicus, from the Northumberland Plankton, together with a note on the post-larval development of Homarus vulgaris

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400009309 ◽

1925 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 870-879 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Olga M. Jorgensen

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

North Sea ◽

Young Fish ◽

Nephrops Norvegicus ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Early Stages ◽

The North ◽

Third Stage ◽

The North Sea

Although adult Norway lobsters are extremely common on the southern part of the Northumberland coast, there were no records of the taking of larvæ of the species in this part of the North Sea until the Plankton Investigation now being carried out at Cullercoats (1) was commenced.During the period 1921–23 a few specimens were taken from time to time in the ordinary plankton hauls, but the best catches of Nephrops larvæ were obtained from the young fish trawl used at a number of stations in 1922 arid 1923. It is, therefore, chiefly on the material from the last two years' samples that the following observations are based.All three of the larval stages have been obtained, together with a single post-larva, but the majority of our specimens are second and third stage larvæ.

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Development of Neostrongylus linearis in Cernuella (Cernuella) virgata experimentally infected and maintained in the subhumid climate of Galicia in northwest Spain

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00015935 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 211-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C. López ◽

R. Panadero ◽

P. Díez ◽

P. Morrondo

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Risk Of Infection ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Third Stage

AbstractTwelve batches of the mollusc Cernuella (Cernuella) virgata (Mollusca: Helicidae) were deposited monthly directly on faeces containing first-stage larvae of Neostrongylus linearis, so that they were naturally infected. Every two weeks the molluscs were examined to study the larval development of N. linearis. No correlation was found between the number of first-stage larvae of N. linearis on the faeces and the number of total larvae and third-stage larvae which developed in the snails. However, a negative correlation was found between temperature and the days needed to reach the different larval stages. Thus, the molluscs harboured third-stage larvae from mid-spring to mid-autumn, the period of time which carries the greatest risk of infection for the definitive hosts.

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Larval development of Elminius covertus Foster and Hexaminius popeiana Foster (Cirripedia : Archaeobalanidae : Elminiinae) reared in the laboratory

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf9850383 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 383 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

EA Egan ◽

DT Anderson

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Mantle Cavity ◽

Early Spring ◽

Larval Morphology ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Breeding Activity ◽

Morphological Differences

The presence of embryos in the mantle cavity of E. covertus and H. popeiana has been monitored over a 2-year period. E. covertus has a clearly defined seasonal pattern with peak breeding during the winter and early spring. H. popeiana shows high levels of breeding activity throughout the year. The larval stages of E. covertus and H. popeiana are described from larvae reared in the laboratory. Morphological differences in each larval stage allow the larvae of the two species to be distinguished without difficulty. Differences between the larval stages of E. covertus and E. modestus are more minor, but are sufficient to distinguish most stages. Similarities in the larval morphology of the genera Elminius and Hexaminius support their inclusion in the subfamily Elminiinae. The larvae of H. popeiana also share features with the larvae of archaeobalanines, especially Conopea galeata.

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The transmission ofOnchocerca tarsicola(Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) byOdagmia ornataandProsimulium nigripes(Diptera: Simuliidae)

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x0002681x ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 161-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

H. Schulz-Key ◽

P. Wenk

Keyword(s):

Larval Development ◽

Blood Meal ◽

Red Deer ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Hyperendemic Area ◽

Natural Vector ◽

Third Stage

ABSTRACTOnchocerca tarsicolais a subcutaneous filariid of the red deer living on the tendons of the radial-carpal and tibial-tarsal joints. Its micronfilariae concentrate mainly in the external ears. The extrinsic cycle of this parasite was investigated. In a hyperendemic area wild-caughtOdagmia ornatawere dissected, as well as samples which had fed on a tame deer and been kept in the laboratory after the infecting blood-meal. About 3 to 5% of the flies were infected with larval stages ofOnchocerca tarsicola. More than 40% ofOdagmia ornatainduced to feed on the ears of the deer became infected and about 30% of the flies which survived more than 18 days contained third-stage larvae. The larval development in the vector is described.Prosimulium nigripesappears to be a second natural vector ofOnchocerca tarsicola. Observations concerning the potential vectors ofO. Jlexuosa, O. tubingensis and Cutifilaria wenkiliving in red deer are discussed.

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