Functional morphology of the balanomorph barnacles Tesseropora rosea (Krauss) and Tetraclitella purpurascens (Wood) (Tetraclitidae)

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
DT Anderson ◽  
JT Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
The Third ◽  
Extended Position ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Respiratory Pumping ◽  
And Function ◽  
Small Valve

Tesseropora rosea of eastern Australia inhabits exposed, wave-washed rocks, is an extension feeder in fast currents, and has monometric growth, with orifice enlargement by erosion. It has a deep, mobile operculum. Tergal depressor muscles are large, scutal depressors moderately large. The opercular valves play an active part in respiratory pumping beat. Tergal depressors effect opercular withdrawal. Rostral scutal depressors assist in pumping beat. Lateral scutal depressors assist in opercular opening. Cim IV-VI of T. rosea unfurl rapidly in response to fast water currents and are captorial, either singly or in concert. The antenniform third maxillipeds (cirrus 111) turn back laterally in the extended position but fold over and hold down the captorial cirri in the curled position. Tetraclitella purpurascens of southern Australia inhabits crevices and overhangs on rocky shores, is an extension feeder in moderate currents, and has diametric growth, with orifice enlargement by circumferential growth of radii and parietes. It has a shallow operculum with only slight mobility. Tergal depressors are large, scutal depressors small. Valve action is mainly hinge-like and slow, with little apicobasal movement. The small scutal depressors assist the large tergal depressors in opercular withdrawal and have only a very minor role in pumping beat. Cirri IV-VI of T. purpurascens are held erect for long periods in moderate water currents. Captorial movements are similar to but slower than those of T. rosea. The third maxillipeds have short rami involved in forward food transfer. Setation correlates with function on the cirri of both species. The oral cone of T. rosea is broader and the mouthparts relatively larger than those of T. purpurascens, possibly mediating a more powerful triturating mechanism. A comparison of structure and function shows that T. purpurascens retains many primitive balanomorph features, whereas T. rosea has a more advanced functional configuration. In the evolution of tetraclitids, it seems likely that the tetraclitellines diverged early, before the austrobalanines gave rise to the tetraclitines. The four-plated wall may have evolved independently in tetraclitellines and austrobalanines.

scholarly journals A new approach to glycan targeting: enzyme inhibition by oligosaccharide metalloshielding

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (31) ◽  
pp. 4056-4058 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Mangrum ◽  
Brigitte J. Engelmann ◽  
Erica J. Peterson ◽  
John J. Ryan ◽  
Susan J. Berners-Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Coordination Compounds ◽  
Bioinorganic Chemistry ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
Major Class ◽  
And Function

Metalloglycomics – the effects of defined coordination compounds on oligosaccharides and their structure and function opens new areas for bioinorganic chemistry and expands its systematic study to the third major class of biomolecules after DNA/RNA and proteins.

scholarly journals Fin ray patterns at the fin-to-limb transition

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 1612-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Stewart ◽  
Justin B. Lemberg ◽  
Natalia K. Taft ◽  
Ihna Yoo ◽  
Edward B. Daeschler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pectoral Fins ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ray Patterns

The fin-to-limb transition was marked by the origin of digits and the loss of dermal fin rays. Paleontological research into this transformation has focused on the evolution of the endoskeleton, with little attention paid to fin ray structure and function. To address this knowledge gap, we study the dermal rays of the pectoral fins of 3 key tetrapodomorph taxa—Sauripterus taylori (Rhizodontida), Eusthenopteron foordi (Tristichopteridae), and Tiktaalik roseae (Elpistostegalia)—using computed tomography. These data show several trends in the lineage leading to digited forms, including the consolidation of fin rays (e.g., reduced segmentation and branching), reduction of the fin web, and unexpectedly, the evolution of asymmetry between dorsal and ventral hemitrichia. In Eusthenopteron, dorsal rays cover the preaxial endoskeleton slightly more than ventral rays. In Tiktaalik, dorsal rays fully cover the third and fourth mesomeres, while ventral rays are restricted distal to these elements, suggesting the presence of ventralized musculature at the fin tip analogous to a fleshy “palm.” Asymmetry is also observed in cross-sectional areas of dorsal and ventral rays. Eusthenopteron dorsal rays are slightly larger than ventral rays; by contrast, Tiktaalik dorsal rays can be several times larger than ventral rays, and degree of asymmetry appears to be greater at larger sizes. Analysis of extant osteichthyans suggests that cross-sectional asymmetry in the dermal rays of paired fins is plesiomorphic to crown group osteichthyans. The evolution of dermal rays in crownward stem tetrapods reflects adaptation for a fin-supported elevated posture and resistance to substrate-based loading prior to the origin of digits.

scholarly journals Study of adrenal morphology fromantiquity to the present day

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (101) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
T. F. Kot ◽  
S. K. Rudik ◽  
S. V. Guralska ◽  
S. S. Zaika ◽  
Z. V. Khomenko
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Macroscopic Structure ◽  
Andreas Vesalius ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
And Function

The analysis of scientific literature shows that the study of adrenal morphology in humans and animals is an urgent problem of biology and medicine from ancient times to the present day. In the historical aspect, we can distinguish three stages of studying the adrenal gland that differ in the directions of research. The first stage corresponds to the research of scientists of the XVI–XVIII centuries (Bartolomeo Eustachio, Andreas Vesalius, Gabriele Folloppio, Girolamo Fabrici, Andriaan Spieghel, Johann Vesling, Giulia Casseria, Caspar Bauhin, Johann Grafenberg, Caspar Bartholin, Thomas Bartholin, Giulio Casserio, Antonio Molinetti, Jean Riolan, Thomas Wharton, Giovanni Lancisi, Jakob Winslow, Antony Valsalva, Albrecht Haller, Johann Meckel, Jean Senac, Armand Cassan). Their works is devoted to the study of topography, macroscopic structure and function of the adrenal gland. Studies of morphological scientists of the second stage (late XVIII – mid XX century) correspond to the study of the structure of the adrenal gland at the microscopic level. Scientists like Albert Kelliker, Johann Ecker, Thomas Addison, Gabriel Colin, Alfred Kohn and Jay Arnold used histological and histochemical research methods. Edward Schafer, George Oliver, Vladislav Szymonowicz, John Abel, Jokiti Takmine, Welter Cannon, Edward Kendall to the study of the features of adrenal hormone secretion. Scientific works of the mid-twentieth and early twenty-first centuries can be combined in the third stage of research on the morphology of the adrenal gland. It is devoted to solving issues related to the formation of the adrenal gland in the process of filogenesis and ontogenesis, the features of the structure and function of the organ in normal and pathological conditions. A significant contribution to the study of the morphology of the adrenal gland of animals at the third stage was made by such scientists as Ziyade A. M., Dardykina O. N., Harina V. V., Atagimov M. Z., Torguj P. M., Antipin I. A., Shishkin A. P., Volkova M. V., Shevchenko L. F., Sidorova O. G., Vovchenko M. B., Salekh M. M., Ovcharenko N. D., Zaika S. V., Samatova I. M., Gorbacheva E. S., Pronin V. V., Kuznecov A. V., Pashinin N. S., Strel’nikova I. G., Barvenko A. D., Fedotov D. N., Izatulin A. V., Kvarackheliya A. G., Silkina A. V., Muhametov A. I. Among the studies of morphologists of the third period, the method of electron microscopy prevails.

scholarly journals An Ontology of Software: Series, Structure and Function

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Jorge Francisco Maldonado Serrano ◽  
Dairon Alfonso Rodríguez Ramírez ◽  
Paul B. Caceres ◽  
Johann Farith Petit Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Philosophy Of Information ◽  
Structural Dimension ◽  
The Third ◽  
And Function

This article proposes a guideline to develop an ontology of software. The first section gives a brief introduction to the importance of such ontology as a possible conceptual grounding for the philosophy of software, philosophy of computing and philosophy of information. The second section presents the background of the scope of this article in terms of both a symbolic and materialistic approach to software. The third section deploys the basic guidelines with the expositions of the two dimensions of software: the serial dimension and the structural dimension. The first dimension consists of three series, while the second in the exposition of the structure of any program. The fourth and last section will deal with a better understanding of what we can call the digital universe.

Studying the effect of socio-cultural, political and personal-family factors on returnees of international immigration in Herat city from 2015-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Ehsan Waiezi ◽  
Ahmad Hamid Wahidy
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
The Third ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
International Immigration ◽  
And Function

Immigration is one of the four factors of population transformation that incorporates time and geographical constraints on the basis of goals and motivation of human life both in place of origin and destination in a matter of structure and function. This study has analyzed socio-cultural, political and personal-family factors to international immigration. The present work is conducted in a quantitative exploratory method with a sample size of 370 returnees with a probable simple random sampling who are all living in Herat city. The questionnaire tool is used for data collection and SPSS for data analysis. The data are analyzed with the regression of each indicator of socio-cultural, political and personal-family factors as pulling factors to the international immigration. The findings indicate that the personalfamily factor with the most influential factor, political with the second influential factor, and socio-cultural as the third influential factor to the international immigration.

Introduction

1967 ◽  
Vol 167 (1009) ◽  
pp. 349-349 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Structure ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Royal Institution ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Considerable Detail

On behalf of the Royal Institution, I wish to express our pleasure that this discussion on ‘The structure and function of lysozyme’ is being held in its theatre this afternoon. Dr Phillips and his team have been investigating the structure of lysozyme in the Davy Faraday Laboratory for some years, and have recently been able to analyse that structure in considerable detail. They have also been able to mark down the sites on the molecule to which inhibitors of its action attach themselves. It is a great day for the Laboratory to take part in a meeting at which experts in this country and abroad have gathered to discuss the significance of the new knowledge about structure; and our warm thanks are due to Dr Perutz for organizing the present conference on behalf of the Royal Society. The initiation of a project to study a selected protein structure requires very careful consideration; it is rather like a decision as to which new type of aeroplane to build. The cost in manpower, time and money is considerable, and if the structure proves to be obdurate this expenditure shows little return. Lysozyme, which Dr Poljak had already studied when he joined the Davy Faraday team in 1960, proved to be a fortunate choice. It is the third protein structure to be successfully analysed, and the first enzyme.

The Design and Implementation of Prototype System for Choreography and Rehearsed Based on Virtual Simulation Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 2495-2498
Author(s):  
Hua Juan Ji ◽  
Jian Bo Zhao ◽  
Huan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Crowd Simulation ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Virtual Reality Technology ◽  
Movement Model ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
And Function ◽  
Crowd Movement

This paper use crowd simulation and virtual reality technology design choreography prototype system. Based on the analysis and research of group calisthenics performance’s choreography work draws the related theory of crowd movement model, proposes a crowd movement model which can describe actor behavior in group calisthenics. This paper is divided into three parts; the first part introduces the development of group gymnastics in China. The second part introduces the structure and function of group calisthenics prototype system. The third part focuses on the design and implementation of a prototype, at the same time provides a useful reference for depth study of virtual crowd simulation.

Analysis of the domain structure of membranes by fragmentation and separation in aqueous polymer two-phase systems

1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per-Åke Albertsson
Keyword(s):  
Domain Structure ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
The Third ◽  
Aqueous Polymer ◽  
Phase Systems ◽  
And Function

This paper consists of three parts. The first describes theoretically a general strategy for fragmentation and separation of membranes which can be used in the elucidation of their structure and function. The second part describes a practical separation method, partition in liquid aqueous polymer two-phase systems, which can be used for separation of macromolecules and membrane particles of biological origin. The third part gives examples of the application of this method to membrane vesicles, and how this separation in combination with the strategy described in the first part can be used for analysis of the structure of biological membranes.

A Prehispanic (Postclassic) Capital Center in Colonial Transition: Excavations at Yucundaa PuebloViejo de Teposcolula, Oaxaca, Mexico

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Spores ◽  
Nelly Robles García
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Spanish Colonial ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Great Transformation ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
And Function ◽  
Colonial Settlement ◽  
Source Of Information

This report presents the results to date of a three-year archaeological investigation of the Postclassic and early Spanish Colonial Mixtec City of Yucundaa, PuebloViejo de Teposcolula, Oaxaca. It is the first project in Oaxaca to focus specifically on a major prehispanic city and its dramatic transformation during the first three decades of the colonial period. Given the dearth of conventional historical documentation relating to Yucundaa, the site itself serves as a “primary text,” the major source of information regarding its development and operation. The project attempts to define the major components of the settlement, and to examine each as comprehensively as possible in order to form a coherent view of the city's structure and function. At the conclusion of the third season, the encouraging results serve to demonstrate the utility of a well-planned excavation program that from its inception attempts to examine an entire Postclassic-Colonial settlement and the great transformation occurring there between A.D. 1521 and 1550. The research methods, as well as information and insights derived from the project, will provide stimulus and a useful model for the study of other Mesoamerican urban settlements.

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