Discovery of Australia’s Fishes: A History of Australian Ichthyology to 1930.

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Graham R Fulton
Keyword(s):  
Marine Biology ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Fish Parasites ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Identification Guide ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ecological Parameters ◽  
Australian Fish

BRIAN Saunders is a retired ophthalmologist with a lifetime interest in marine biology and the history of ichthyology. He has previously published Shores and Shallows of Coffin Bay: An Identification Guide, in 2009, revised in 2012. That work, in its revised edition, contains extensive figures and supplementary information on other ecological parameters such as fish parasites and the habitat of the Coffin Bay area. The current work is a much greater labour, which relies on a significant knowledge of the Australian fish fauna and extensive research of the scientific and historical literature. This volume is about the discovery of Australia’s fishes (to 1930) following the main systematic and taxonomic research in Australia with the inclusion of the pertinent discoveries from further afield in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans. It treats only lightly the ichthyologic and Aboriginal lore, which is outside the intent and scope of the book.

Discovery of Australia's Fishes

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Book Covers ◽  
Australian Fish ◽  
Insight Into

This book traces the discovery of Australia’s fishes from the earliest days of taxonomy to the first part of the 20th century. It provides a unique insight into the diverse pathways by which Australia’s fish were discovered and outlines the history of early maritime explorations in Australia that collected natural history specimens. The book covers the life and work of each of the most important discoverers, and assesses their accomplishments and the limitations of their work. Discovery of Australia’s Fishes is distinctive in that a biographic approach is integrated with chronological descriptions of the discovery of the Australian fish fauna. Many of northern Australia’s fishes are found in parts of the Indian and western Pacific oceans. The book covers the work of collectors who travelled outside Australia, together with that of the British and European zoologists who received and described their collections. The account ceases at 1930, the year the first modern checklist of Australian fishes was published. 2012 Whitley Award Commendation for Historical Zoology.

scholarly journals High food insecurity in Latinx families and associated COVID-19 infection in the Greater Bay Area, California

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milagro Escobar ◽  
Andrea DeCastro Mendez ◽  
Maria Romero Encinas ◽  
Sofia Villagomez ◽  
Janet M. Wojcicki
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Household Food ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Food insecurity impacts nearly one-in-four Latinx households in the United States and has been exacerbated by the novel coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We examined the impact of COVID-19 on household and child food security in three preexisting, longitudinal, Latinx urban cohorts in the San Francisco Bay Area (N = 375 households, 1875 individuals). Households were initially recruited during pregnancy and postpartum at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital (ZSFG) and UCSF Benioff prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. For this COVID-19 sub-study, participants responded to a 15-min telephonic interview. Participants answered 18 questions from the US Food Security Food Module (US HFSSM) and questions on types of food consumption, housing and employment status, and history of COVID-19 infection as per community or hospital-based testing. Food security and insecurity levels were compared with prior year metrics. Results We found low levels of household food security in Latinx families (by cohort: 29.2%; 34.2%; 60.0%) and child food security (56.9%, 54.1%, 78.0%) with differences between cohorts explained by self-reported levels of education and employment status. Food security levels were much lower than those reported previously in two cohorts where data had been recorded from prior years. Reported history of COVID-19 infection in households was 4.8% (95% Confidence Interval (CI); 1.5–14.3%); 7.2% (95%CI, 3.6–13.9%) and 3.5% (95%CI, 1.7–7.2%) by cohort and was associated with food insecurity in the two larger cohorts (p = 0.03; p = 0.01 respectively). Conclusions Latinx families in the Bay Area with children are experiencing a sharp rise in food insecurity levels during the COVID-19 epidemic. Food insecurity, similar to other indices of poverty, is associated with increased risk for COVID-19 infection. Comprehensive interventions are needed to address food insecurity in Latinx populations and further studies are needed to better assess independent associations between household food insecurity, poor nutritional health and risk of COVID-19 infection.

History of geological investigations of Mount Diablo, Contra Costa County, California

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory W. Bartow
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
San Francisco Bay Area ◽  
University Of California ◽  
General Description ◽  
Mountain Building ◽  
Structural Interpretation ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

ABSTRACT Over the past 150 years, Mount Diablo has served as a window into the evolving understanding of California geology. In the 1800s, geologists mapped this easily accessible peak located less than 100 km (62 miles) from the rapidly growing city of San Francisco and the geology departments at the University of California at Berkeley and Stanford University. Later, the mountain served as a focal point for investigating San Francisco Bay area tectonics. The structural interpretation of the up-thrusting mechanisms has evolved from a simple compressional system involving a few local faults to a more complex multifault and multiphase mountain-building theory. The stratigraphic interpretation and understanding have been advanced from a general description of the lithologies and fossils to a detailed description using sequence stratigraphy to define paleogeographic settings and depositional regimes.

scholarly journals Improving California's Bay Area Rapid Transit District Connectivity and Access with Segway Human Transporter and Other Low-Speed Mobility Devices

2005 ◽  
Vol 1927 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Susan A. Shaheen ◽  
Caroline J. Rodier ◽  
Amanda M. Eaken
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Legislative History ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Speed Mode

To evaluate the potential for low-speed modes to improve transit access, the EasyConnect field test will offer shared-use Segway Human Transporters (HT), electric bicycles, and bicycles linked to a Bay Area Rapid Transit District station and surrounding employment centers in California. Because of safety concerns, research was conducted to understand the risks associated with these modes and potential risk factors. A review of the safety literature indicates that user error is the major cause of low-speed mode crashes, and significant risk factors are poor surface conditions and obstructions to drivers’ vision. As a result, an extensive training program and carefully selected routes have been included in the field test. The regulatory and legislative history of the HT is chronicled to understand how concerns about its interaction with pedestrians have produced legislation that includes specific safety requirements. The low-speed modes used in this project will be equipped with safety devices, and participants will be required to wear helmets. The survey results of 13 HT implementation projects provide insight into potential advantages and challenges to the field test. Results of interviews and meetings with field test stakeholders are presented with a discussion of their influence on the field test design. Finally, conclusions and future project steps are discussed.

scholarly journals Identification guide to the shallow water (0–200 m) octocorals of the South Atlantic Bight

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2599 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSAN T. DEVICTOR ◽  
STEVE L. MORTON
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
South Atlantic Bight ◽  
The South ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Identification Guide ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
History Of

Octocoral diversity is well documented in the tropical western Atlantic and Indo–Pacific, but it has been several decades since a thorough species account of the shallow South Atlantic Bight region was produced (northwestern Atlantic between Cape Hatteras, NC and Cape Canaveral, FL, USA). Through the use of material from the NMNH and SERTC Octocorallia (=Alcyonaria) collections, this work documents the presence of 28 species of octocorals recorded in the shallow (0–200 m) South Atlantic Bight and reports five new range extensions. Included are illustrated keys to the species, synonymies, species images and remarks, and SEM images of sclerites from described species without previously published sclerite imagery. A brief history of previous work and discussion of octocoral morphology are also included.

Histopathology as an Approach to Evaluate the Effect of an Oil Spill on Fishes of the Arroio Saldanha and Rio Iguaçu (Brazil)

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 955-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter A. Boeger ◽  
Ana Tereza Bittencourt Guimarães ◽  
Silvia Romão ◽  
Antonio Ostrensky ◽  
Ernani Zamberlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Health ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
History Of ◽  
Getulio Vargas ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT In July of 2000, an accident occurred at the Presidente Getúlio Vargas Refinery (REPAR), located in the Municipality of Araucaria, Southern Brazil which involved the spilling of about 4 million liters (25,160 barrels) of crude oil. This was considered the largest oil spill in the history of Brazil. Despite of the use of containment barriers, the oil slick reached a small creek (Arroio Saldanha) and, further downstream, two important rivers in the region (Rio Barigüi and Rio Iguaçu). In this stretch, the Rio Iguaçu and the Rio Barigui are highly polluted, having crossed Curitiba, a city that has 2+ million inhabitants, and several industrial areas. The histopathological study of the gills and liver of 2 species of fishes was used to evaluate the impact of the oil on the fish fauna in the affected rivers. The choice of fish species reflects their year-around availability and their predicted roles in the ecosystem. Astyanax sp. is mainly pelagic and Corydoras paleatus is demersal; these fish species should, therefore, indicate the environmental health of these two compartments of the streams. The spatial and temporal distribution of histological alterations was analyzed from up to 10 specimens of each species of fish from collections made in 5 sites. A relative impact index (Ri) was determined by assigning a weight to the extent of each pathology observed in sections of each organ/fish (ii = 1 or 2, for moderate or severe pathologies, respectively). The Ri of each organ and fish specimen was calculated as the average impact of the observed histological injuries using the formula: Ri = Σii/n. Variations of the gill and liver Ri suggest a relative regeneration of the environmental health of the impacted streams. A better understanding of the impact caused to the aquatic system by the oil spill is greatly hindered by the presence of other persistent or sporadic events of environmental aggression to which these streams are submitted.

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