Discovery of Australia's Fishes

Author(s):  
Brian Saunders

This book traces the discovery of Australia’s fishes from the earliest days of taxonomy to the first part of the 20th century. It provides a unique insight into the diverse pathways by which Australia’s fish were discovered and outlines the history of early maritime explorations in Australia that collected natural history specimens. The book covers the life and work of each of the most important discoverers, and assesses their accomplishments and the limitations of their work. Discovery of Australia’s Fishes is distinctive in that a biographic approach is integrated with chronological descriptions of the discovery of the Australian fish fauna. Many of northern Australia’s fishes are found in parts of the Indian and western Pacific oceans. The book covers the work of collectors who travelled outside Australia, together with that of the British and European zoologists who received and described their collections. The account ceases at 1930, the year the first modern checklist of Australian fishes was published. 2012 Whitley Award Commendation for Historical Zoology.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L Weidmayer ◽  
Hakan Demirci

Abstract Background The natural course of a vortex vein varix, though not well understood, has been known to remain stable. However, here we report a novel case of a vortex vein varix that resolved after an extended period of monitoring. Case presentation An asymptomatic 96-year-old Caucasian man was found to have a vortex vein varix. At his previous examination 13 months prior, his fundus was normal. At 13 months of observation, his vortex vein varix become clinically undetectable. Further follow-up confirmed continued absence of the varix. Conclusion This case demonstrates the development then clinical resolution of a vortex vein varix with no clear identifiable factors for its evolution. This case is novel and offers new insight into the natural history of some vortex vein varices, implicating venous congestion as an instigator and venous collateralization as its alleviator, suggesting that vortex vein varices are likely more common than previously reported since some may be temporary and under-identified.


2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Valeriy SNAKIN

Anatolij Nikiforovich Tyuryukanov (1931-2001), Dr.Sci (Biol.), professor was a remarkable Russian natural scientist, who made a signifi contribution to soil science and the theory of the biosphere. Investigation of Tyuryukanov’s works shows both evolution of the author’s scientifi interests and development of natural history in Russia in 20th century. He formulated the biosphere natural history principle founded on a new fundamental category of sciences foundation in 20th century. Th principle is based on genetic soil science, biogeocenology, landscape geochemistry and main branches of the Earth biosphere and vitasphere study. Interesting and sometimes unexpected assertions of A.N. Tyuryukanovs provide food for thought about both further studies of nature, development of biosphere study and refl on the human and biosphere relationships.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Bonato ◽  
Mariaenrica Tiné ◽  
Erica Bazzan ◽  
Davide Biondini ◽  
Marina Saetta ◽  
...  

Asthma is a heterogeneous condition characterized by reversible airflow limitation, with different phenotypes and clinical expressions. Although it is known that asthma is influenced by age, gender, genetic background, and environmental exposure, the natural history of the disease is still incompletely understood. Our current knowledge of the factors determining the evolution from wheezing in early childhood to persistent asthma later in life originates mainly from epidemiological studies. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are still poorly understood. The aim of this review is to converge epidemiological and pathological evidence early in the natural history of asthma to gain insight into the mechanisms of disease and their clinical expression.


Author(s):  
W. Bateson

The Council of the Marine Biological Association appointed me, in 1889, to make observations on the perceptions of fishes, and especially on those which constitute the modes by which they hunt for and recognise their food. It was suggested that this subject should be treated in as wide a manner as possible, and in accordance with this suggestion I have endeavoured to utilize any opportunities which presented themselves of getting an insight into the natural history of marine animals. In addition to this I have also made some experiments towards the practical solution of the bait question, both by making artificial baits, and by endeavouring to preserve materials which are already in use for bait.


2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Y. Rahimi ◽  
John H. Brown ◽  
Samuel D. Macomson ◽  
Michael A. Jensen ◽  
Cargill H. Alleyne

✓ Cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a disease process for which the lack of effective treatments has plagued neurosurgeons for decades. Historically, successful treatment after SAH in the acute setting was often followed by a rapid, uncontrollable deterioration in the subacute interval. Little was known regarding the nature and progression of this condition until the mid-1800s, when the disease was first described by Gull. Insight into the origin and natural history of cerebral vasospasm came slowly over the next 100 years, until the 1950s. Over the past five decades our understanding of cerebral vasospasm has expanded exponentially. This newly discovered information has been used by neurosurgeons worldwide for successful treatment of complications associated with vasospasm. Nevertheless, although great strides have been made toward elucidating the causes of cerebral vasospasm, a lasting cure continues to elude experts and the disease continues to wreak havoc on patients after aneurysmal SAH.


2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 551-551
Author(s):  
Paul L. Crispen ◽  
Aldiana Soljic ◽  
Richard E. Greenberg ◽  
David Y.T. Chen ◽  
Robert G. Uzzo

Author(s):  
Derek J Bays ◽  
George R Thompson ◽  
Susan Reef ◽  
Linda Snyder ◽  
Alana J Freifeld ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The natural history of non–central nervous system (non-CNS) disseminated coccidioidomycosis (DCM) has not been previously characterized. The historical Veterans Affairs (VA)–Armed Forces coccidioidomycosis patient group provides a unique cohort of patients not treated with standard antifungal therapy, allowing for characterization of the natural history of coccidioidomycosis. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 531 VA–Armed Forces coccidioidomycosis patients diagnosed between 1955–1958 and followed to 1966. Groups were identified as non-DCM (462 patients), DCM (44 patients), and CNS (25 patients). The duration of the initial infection, fate of the primary infection, all-cause mortality, and mortality secondary to coccidioidomycosis were assessed and compared between groups. Results Mortality due to coccidioidomycosis at the last known follow-up was significantly different across the groups: 0.65% in the non-DCM group, 25% in the DCM group, and 88% in the CNS group (P < .001). The primary fate of pulmonary infection demonstrated key differences, with pulmonary nodules observed in 39.61% of the non-DCM group, 13.64% of the DCM group, and 20% of the CNS group (P < .001). There were differences in cavity formation, with 34.20% in the non-DCM group, 9.09% in the DCM group, and 8% in the CNS group (P < .001). Dissemination was the presenting manifestation or was concurrent with the initial infection in 41% and 56% of patients in the non-CNS DCM and CNS groups, respectively. Conclusions This large, retrospective cohort study helps characterize the natural history of DCM, provides insight into the host immunologic response, and has direct clinical implications for the management and follow-up of patients.


Author(s):  
Rubén Pino Pérez ◽  
Juan José Pino Pérez

Resumen Baltasar Merino y Román (1845-1917) fue un botánico español, autor de la obra ‘Flora Descriptiva e Ilustrada de Galicia’ cuya base se encuentra en los herbarios que confeccionó. Son bien conocidas las colecciones conservadas en los herbarios LOU (Lourizán, Pontevedra) y MHN (Museo de Historia Natural de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña). Sin embargo, también confeccionó un herbario que donó al Instituto de Pontevedra en los primeros años del siglo XX y que ha pasado relativamente desapercibido en los estudios florísticos de Galicia. En este trabajo se ha realizado un inventario completo de esa colección, procedente de las actividades herborizadoras de Merino en todo el territorio gallego con una selecta representación de los taxones más significativos de su catálogo. Se han reconocido un total de 1.031 pliegos de 90 familias distintas de Cormophyta. Las familias Gramineae y Compositae son las mejor representadas con más de 100 pliegos cada una, pero hasta 21 familias superan la decena de taxones. Sólo el 47,75 % de los taxones de la Flora de Galicia de Merino no se encuentran representados en este herbario, lo que subraya la importancia del mismo. El herbario fue entregado por Merino al Instituto de Pontevedra entre 1900 y 1905, probablemente a través de las peticiones realizadas por Ernesto Caballero Bellido y/o Alejandro de Colomina y Cárolo, por entonces, miembros del claustro de la institución. Abstract Baltasar Merino y Román (1845-1917) was a Spanish botanist, author of the work ‘Flora Descriptiva e Ilustrada de Galicia’. He developed several herbaria. The collections kept in the herbaria LOU (Lourizán, Pontevedra) and MHN (Museum of Natural History of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña) are well known. However, he also produced a herbarium that he donated to the Institute of Pontevedra in the early years of the 20th century. This herbarium has gone unnoticed in the floristic studies of Galicia. In this work a complete inventory of this collection has been made, coming from the Merino collecting activities throughout the Galician territory. It contains a select representation of the most significant taxa in its catalogue. A total of 1,031 sheets of 90 different families of Cormophyta have been recognized. The families Gramineae and Compositae are the best represented. They have more than 100 sheets each and 21 families exceed ten taxa. Only 47,75 % of the taxa of Flora de Galicia de Merino are not represented in this herbarium, which underscores its importance. The herbarium was delivered by Merino to the Institute of Pontevedra between 1900 and 1905, probably through the requests made by Ernesto Caballero Bellido and/or Alejandro de Colomina and Cárolo, at that time, members of the institution.


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