Traditional ecological knowledge, shifting baselines, and conservation of Fijian molluscs

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Bao ◽  
Joshua Drew

Understanding a region’s ecological history is crucial in formulating conservation plans. In the absence of conventional datasets, historical data and traditional ecological knowledge of local communities can elucidate trends over time and help set goals for preservation and restoration. These methods can contribute to the conservation of biologically and culturally significant species, including coral reef molluscs, in the South Pacific, which have experienced intensified threats such as overfishing and habitat degradation in recent decades. Through fisher interviews in a small coastal community in Fiji, we investigate changes in distribution, biomass, and human perception of common mollusc populations in a Fijian reef. We found evidence of a decline in mollusc populations, but only older fishers with more fishing experience perceived this decline, suggesting a shift in baseline perceptions of biodiversity.

2021 ◽  

Abstract This book contains 8 chapters that discuss and explore these positive outcomes by delving into how humans perceive and respond to the natural world. It also looks at the different stages of human development and how societal perspectives regarding natural landscapes have changed over time. These perspectives influence our responses to current issues such as climate change and pandemics. Examining our worldviews is critical to developing a deeper understanding of human beliefs and relationships with natural landscapes. Moreover, empirically based theories and models can be useful in enhancing that understanding, but other realities are also important such as traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and a rekindling of a sense of connection with nature. Whether empirically derived in recent decades or handed down through the generations, this knowledge can be useful as we consider the many forms of human well-being, including physical, mental, spiritual, and social.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Dara Cita

Abstract. Cita KD. 2019.Ethnobotany of food plant used by Sundanese Ethnic in Kalaparea Village, Nyangkewok Hamlet, Sukabumi District, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 2: 16-22. Food insecurity is an essential threat in West Java Province. Ethnobotany in Food Plant of Sundanese Ethnic can be an alternative to a food crisis. In this study, we looked for insights on how Sundanese Ethnic inhabiting around the Gede Mountain, Nyangkewok Village, interact with their environments and how they use ecological knowledge on plants for their existence. This study used exploration and in-depth interviewed method with 30 respondents which conducted in March until June 2019 and analysed with Cultural Food Cultivated Significant Index. This study recorded 101 species useful plants, 48 families, dominated by Cucurbitaceae. The highest number of Cultural Food Cultivated Index is pare (Oryza sativa). Sundanese Ethnic living in the Nyangkewok Village has been undergoing extreme changes in both social and ecological scenarios. This study recommends conservation plans that include traditional ecological knowledge, plant monitoring, and participative action with Nyangkewok communities.


Author(s):  
Manuel Fröhlich ◽  
Abiodun Williams

The Conclusion returns to the guiding questions introduced in the Introduction, looking at the way in which the book’s chapters answered them. As such, it identifies recurring themes, experiences, structures, motives, and trends over time. By summarizing the result of the chapters’ research into the interaction between the Secretaries-General and the Security Council, some lessons are identified on the changing calculus of appointments, the conditions and relevance of the international context, the impact of different personalities in that interaction, the changes in agenda and composition of the Council as well as different formats of interaction and different challenges to be met in the realm of peace and security, administration, and reform, as well as concepts and norms. Taken together, they also illustrate the potential and limitations of UN executive action.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake M. Robinson ◽  
Nick Gellie ◽  
Danielle MacCarthy ◽  
Jacob G. Mills ◽  
Kim O'Donnell ◽  
...  

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