Carrying the FecB (Booroola) mutation is associated with lower birth weight and slower post-weaning growth rate for lambs, as well as a lighter mature bodyweight for ewes

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gootwine ◽  
A. Rozov ◽  
A. Bor ◽  
S. Reicher
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Lower Birth Weight ◽  
Ewe Lambs

The present study was conducted in an Assaf flock in which the FecB (Booroola) mutation was segregated to determine whether the FecB mutation affects birthweight and the pre- and post-weaning growth rate of ewe lambs, as well as the mature bodyweight of ewes. Significant differences (P = 0.01) in birthweight (mean ± s.e.m.) were found between BB ewe lambs (4.03 ± 0.08 kg) and B+ and ++ ewe lambs (4.16 ± 0.04 and 4.32 ± 0.07 kg, respectively), which themselves did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). An FecB-associated maternal effect on the birthweight of ewe lambs was also detected, with the birthweight of lambs born to BB mothers (3.93 ± 0.08 kg) being significantly (P < 0.0001) different from the birthweight of lambs born to B+ and ++ mothers (4.26 ± 0.04 and 4.33 ± 0.07 kg, respectively), which did not differ significantly. The genotypes of the lambs did not affect their preweaning growth rate. However, the post-weaning growth rate of ewe BB lambs (274 ± 5 g day−1) was significantly (P = 0.05) different from the similar (P > 0.05) post-weaning growth rates of B+ and ++ lambs (284 ± 3 and 290 ± 4 g day−1, respectively). The genotype at the FecB locus also affected the mature bodyweight of ewes, with that of BB ewes (67.3 ± 1.4 kg) being significantly (P < 0.001) different from the similar mature bodyweight of B+ and ++ ewes (70.8 ± 1.1 and 70.1 ± 1.7 kg, respectively).

Gestation length, birth weight and growth rates of pure-bred indigenous goats and their crosses in Kenya

1988 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ruvuna ◽  
T. C. Cartwright ◽  
H. Blackburn ◽  
M. Okeyo ◽  
S. Chema
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
East African ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cross Breeding ◽  
Indigenous Goats

SummaryData on gestation period of 701 indigenous East African and Galla does and pre- and postweaning growth of 810 pure-bred and cross-bred kids were analysed by least squares statistical analysis. Breeds of kids were East African, Galla, Toggenburg × East African, Toggenburg × Galla, Anglo-Nubian × East African and Anglo-Nubian × Galla. Average gestation length was 149 days and was significantly (P < 0·05) affected by type of birth of the kid, year–month of kidding, and age of dam. Does carrying twins had shorter gestation length than does carrying singles. Sex and breed of kid did not have significant effect on gestation length.Significant (P < 0·05) factors affecting birth weight, weight at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 210 and 270 days of age, and preweaning growth rate were breed and sex of kid, type of birth, year–month and age of dam. Male kids grew faster and were heavier than females. Kids born single were heavier and grew faster than twin-born kids. Kids from dams less than 3 years old weighed less than kids from older dams. Cross-bred kids had higher preweaning growth rates than indigenous pure-bred kids. The Anglo-Nubian × Galla cross was heaviest while the East African ranked lowest. The results point to importance of cross-breeding with temperate breeds to increase growth rates of indigenous goats. Comparison of Toggenburg and Anglo-Nubian sires for cross-breeding showed both buck breeds produced kids with roughly equal growth rates. Evaluation of indigenous Galla and East African dams for cross-breeding showed Galla dams produced heavier kids than East African but preweaning growth rates were not significantly different.

Effect of time of joining and rate of stocking on the production of Corriedale ewes in southern Victoria. 2. Survival and growth of lambs

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (69) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Kenney ◽  
IF Davis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Single Birth

A study of the survival and growth of lambs was made over a three year period (1968 to 1970) on a flock of 540 ewes grazing annual pasture at Werribee, Victoria. Ewes were stocked at three rates (5, 7 1/2 and 10 ha-1) and lambed between July 6 and August 20 or between September 10 and October 29 each year. Observations were made on the same ewes each year. Rate of stocking had no effect on the birth weight of lambs but single-birth lambs born in September were lighter than those born in July. More twins were born in September than in July and a smaller proportion of lambs born survived from the September than from the July lambing. Of the lambs born to ewes stocked at 10 ha-1 in 1968 and 1969 a smaller proportion survived than of the lambs born to ewes stocked at 5 ha-1. The growth rate of lambs born in July was constant between birth and weaning at 12 weeks of age but declined as rates of stocking increased. When the lambs born in September were about eight weeks old the pastures matured and growth rates of lambs declined and at weaning liveweights of lambs from plots stocked at different rates were similar. Lambs born in July on plots stocked at 5 and 79 ewes ha-1 were as much as eight kilograms heavier at weaning than the lambs born in September at equivalent rates of stocking. Neither rate nor time of onset of milk production was significantly affected by stocking rate.

Performance of crossbred progeny of Trangie Fertility Merino and Booroola Merino rams and Poll Dorset ewes. 1. Lamb birth weight, survival and growth

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Hall ◽  
NM Fogarty ◽  
AR Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lamb Survival

Merino rams of the Trangie Fertility and Booroola strains were joined to Poll Dorset ewes in single sire mating groups over 3 years. Forty sires produced a total of 1250 lambs in 885 litters from 451 ewes. Lamb birth weight averaged 4.1 kg, 80.8% of lambs survived to 3 days of age and growth rates to weaning (mean 93 days) averaged 289 g/day. Lambs with Trangie Fertility sires grew 15 g/day faster and were 1.3 kg heavier at weaning than those lambs with Booroola sires (P<0.001). There were no effects of sire strain on birth weight or lamb survival. Birth weight increased with dam liveweight in mid-pregnancy (P<0.001), and weaning weight and growth rate increased with dam liveweight at joining (P<0.001). Survival of lambs was predominantly a function of birth weight. Lambs weighing 4 kg at birth from primiparous dams had survival rates of 76% compared with 88% for lambs from multiparous dams (P<0.01). No lamb under 2.0 or over 6.3 kg survived, and 48% of deaths occurred within 1 day of birth. Dystocia, particularly of heavy, single-born lambs, caused 53% of observed lamb deaths. For the traits birth weight, lamb survival, weaning weight and growth rate, the direct heritabilities were 0.24 � 0.10, 0.05 � 0.05, 0.19 � 0.10 and 0.12 � 0.08 respectively; the corresponding maternal heritabilities were 0.08 � 0.05, 0.05 � 0.04, 0.05 � 0.05 and 0.07 � 0.05 respectively; and the common environmental effects among litter mates (c2) were 0.57 � 0.08, 0.47 � 0.08, 0.15 � 0.08 and 0.13 � 0.08 respectively.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genetic parameters for growth traits in Red Chittagong Cattle of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Rabeya ◽  
AKFH Bhuiyan ◽  
MA Habib ◽  
MS Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study was carried out to estimate phenotypic and genetic parameters of Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC) for growth traits. Means of birth weight (BW), three month weight (3MW), six month weight (6MW), weaning weight (WW), nine month weight (9MW) and yearling weight (YW) were 15.74, 31.48, 45.33, 57.00, 60.91 and 76.18 kg respectively. Sex significantly (p<0.001) differed BW of calves but did not differ (p>0.05) 3MW, 6MW, WW, 9MW and YW. BW, 6MW, WW, 9MW and YW did not vary significantly (p>0.05) on year of birth but varied significantly (p<0.01) on 3MW. Season of birth had significant difference on 3MW (p<0.001), 6MW (p<0.01) and WW (p<0.01) but had no significant difference (p>0.05) on BW, 9MW and YW. The growth rates at zero to six month (6MGR) and six to twelve month (12MGR) were 0.17 and 0.17 kg /d respectively. Growth rate in both stages had no significant effect (p>0.05) on sex and year of birth. 6MGR had no significant effect (p>0.05) on season of birth but had significant (p<0.05) effect on 12MGR. From single trait analyses heritability (h2) of BW, 3MW, 6MW, WW, 9MW, YW, 6MGR and 12MGR were 0.497, 0.468, 0.475, 0.467, 0.447, 0.478, 0.499 and 0.65, respectively, whereas from multi-trait analysis heritability (h2) of first four traits were 0.498, 0.456, 0.500 and 0.490, respectively. Genetic correlations of BW with 3MW, 6MW and WW were 0.23, 0.38, and 0.53, respectively, 3MW with 6MW and WW were 0.78 and 0.69, respectively and 6MW with WW was 0.76. Estimated heritability values were rather high in magnitude and indicate that these traits would likely respond to selection. Estimates of phenotypic correlations among the traits studied were very low to moderate with values ranging from -0.40 to 0.81, whereas magnitude of genetic correlation ranged from 0.23 to 0.78. It was concluded that these estimated parameters would help to understand the biology of the traits and in designing breeding programme for other indigenous cattle in general. Keywords: Phenotypic and Genetic parameters; Growth traits; Red Chittagong cattle DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v7i2.4733 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(2): 265-271, 2009

The performance of Brahman-Shorthorn and Sahiwal-Shorthorn beef cattle in the dry tropics of northern Queensland. 3. Birth weights and growth to weaning

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Fordyce ◽  
TA James ◽  
RG Holroyd ◽  
NJ Beaman ◽  
RJ Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Late Generation ◽  
Calving Season

The birth weights and weaning weights of Bos indicus cross calves from 4 inter se mated herd groups in a dry tropical environment were studied. The calving season commenced in late October, about 2 weeks before the start of the pasture-growing season. Second and subsequent generations of 1/2 Brahman and 1/2 Sahiwal crosses and first backcross, and later generations of 3/4 Brahman and 3/4 Sahiwal crosses, were represented. The Bos taurus component of the crosses was primarily Beef Shorthorn. In general, Brahman crosses were heavier at birth and grew faster to weaning than Sahiwal crosses (P<0.05), with consequent advantages in weaning weights of 11 and 6 kg in first backcross and late generation crosses, respectively. There was a birth weight advantage (P<0.05) of 1/2 crosses over 3/4 crosses, which was eroded by the time of weaning. Superior growth rates of 3/4 crosses were primarily expressed in years with greater nutritional stress and appeared to be due to better adaptation to environmental stresses by the calf. The only difference between filial generations was the growth rate advantage (P<0.05) of F2 1/2 crosses over F3 1/2 crosses, apparently due to suckling of F1 and F2 dams, respectively. Males exhibited an 8% average advantage (P<0.05) over females for all weight and growth traits in late generation calves. Calves with mature dams were 1.8 kg heavier (P<0.05) at birth. This, along with their higher (P<0.05) preweaning growth rate (19-49 g/day), resulted in calves with mature dams being 4-10 kg heavier (P<0.05) at weaning than calves of young cows. Differences between years in birth weights and preweaning growth rates were <25% (P<0.05). Birth weight was affected by nutrition of the dam in late pregnancy (early calves were generally about 1 kg lighter than late calves), and growth of calves was higher in years when the pasture growing season commenced earlier.

Comparative performance of Ghungroo and Large Black pig at organized institutional farm conditions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manas Kumar Patra ◽  
Yhuntilo Kent ◽  
Lily Ngullie ◽  
R. K. Das ◽  
Bidyut C. Deka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Lower Birth Weight ◽  
Hill Region ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Reproduction Performance ◽  
Research Complex

Present study was conducted to compare the production and reproduction performance of Ghungroo and Large Black breeds maintained at ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Nagaland Centre, Jharnapani, Nagaland. The birth weight (1.09 vs. 0.96 kg), pre-weaning growth rate (174.90 vs. 141.40 g/day) and matured body weight at 7 months (64.74 kg vs. 53.13 kg) were significantly higher (p. 9.96 kg) and weaning (47.35 vs. 52.50 kg) were recorded in Ghungroo and Large Black, respectively. The pre-weaning mortality was higher in Ghungroo (2.64) due to lower birth weight and larger litter compared to the Large Black (1.47, py breed not by parities. Thus, from this study it is concluded that the Ghungroo breed matured early, produce more litter and performs similar to the popular Large Black breed under organized farm condition.

Factors affecting birth weight and performance to weaning of beef calves in the dry tropics of north Queensland

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (93) ◽  
pp. 494 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Winks ◽  
PK O'Rourke ◽  
PC Venamore ◽  
R Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
And Performance

Data from 533 calves from 321 Shorthorn cows at 'Swan's Lagoon', north Queensland, were analysed by the least-squares method. Calves were sired by either Sahiwal or Brahman bulls. Birth weights, growth rates and corrected 180-day weights were comparable in Brahman and Sahiwal cross calves. Age of dam had a significant effect on performance with cows 5-8 years and 9+ years producing heavier calves than cows 3-4 years of age. Calves born early in the season were significantly superior to calves born later and males outperformed females throughout, being 8-9 per cent heavier at 180 days. Pre-calving weight of the cow was positively correlated with calf growth rate and 180 day weight. Calf gains were inversely related to cow gains from birth to weaning. Calf birth weight was significantly correlated with calf growth rate and 180-day weight.

The Effect of Growth Rate on Fat Partitioning in Crossbred Ewe Lambs

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 36-36
Author(s):  
B.W. Butler-Hogg ◽  
I.D. Johnsson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Protein Energy

The generally accepted view is that, in sheep and cattle, plane of nutrition (as indicated by growth rate) can influence body composition; the higher the rate of gain the greater the fatness at a particular live or carcass weight. However, exceptions to this view can be found which demonstrate that the effective protein: energy ratio of the diet can exert a considerable influence on the composition of live weight gain. Unfortunately most studies which have considered the effects of growth rate on composition (either directly or as a consequence of some treatment which resulted in different growth rates) have described their animals in terms of chemically determined protein, fat, ash and water. To assess the potential economic impact of different growth rates on body composition and the distribution of fat throughout the body requires dissection data, describing the animal in terms of lean, bone and individual fat depots. In this experiment the dissected composition of 44 Hampshire Down x Mule ewe lambs was determined in animals which had followed planned growth paths involving periods of high (H) and low (L) growth.

The effects of food intake in gestation on sows lactating for 14 days

1983 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness

ABSTRACTNinety-two gilts in replicates of four littermates were mated at puberty at a mean live weight and age of 95 kg and 191 days respectively. The littermates were allocated at random to one of four food allowances (kg/day) during four successive gestations: (A) 1·5, (B) 2·0 in parity 1 followed by 1·5 in subsequent parities, (C) 20 and (D) 2·5. A diet calculated to contain 12·7 MJ digestible energy per kg was fed throughout gestation, the 2-week lactation and from weaning to conception.The numbers of sows which conceived at parity 5 when the experiment terminated were 10, 12, 13 and 16 for treatments A to D respectively. Sow live weight at conception differed significantly (P < 0·01) from parity 2 onwards: the maximum live weights of sows on treatments A and B did not exceed 130 to 135 kg, but the live weights of sows on treatment D continued to increase to reach 195 kg at the end of the experiment. The in vivo skin plus subcutaneous fat thickness at the P2 location differed significantly (P < 0·001) between treatments from parity 2 onwards, decreasing by 3 mm in treatment A and increasing by 6 mm in treatment D from the start of the experiment to conception at parity 4. The interval from weaning to conception was significantly (P < 0·05) lower in treatment B in parity 2. This was the only significant effect and was contrary to the tendency for the interval to increase as the food allowance in gestation was decreased. The numbers of pigs born alive, stillborn or weaned (including fostered pigs) were not significantly affected by treatment. Birth weight and post-natal growth rates were significantly (P < 0·05) increased after parity 1 as gestation food allowance increased, with the exception of the post-natal growth rate in parity 3. Overall birth weight was increased by 018 kg per pig and weaning weight by 0·93 kg per pig on treatment D compared with treatment A.

THE INFLUENCE OF PLACENTAL SIZE ON FOETAL GROWTH ACCORDING TO SEX AND ORDER OF BIRTH

1953 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS McKEOWN ◽  
R. G. RECORD
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Foetal Growth ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference

SUMMARY 1. The association between foetal growth and placental weight according to sex and order of birth is examined in single pregnancy in man. Data recorded are: birth weight (on 13,020 births); birth weight and placental weight (on 4931); and weights at birth and at 3 and 6 months after birth (on 405). 2. From 30 to 31 weeks' gestation, the earliest period examined, males are heavier than females. There is little difference between mean weights of first and later born until 36–37 weeks, from which time later born are heavier than first born (Fig. 1). 3. From 34 to 35 weeks (the earliest period from which numbers permit the comparison) mean placental weights are greater for males than for females, and for later born than for first born (Fig. 2). 4. At a given weight of placenta males are heavier than females (Fig. 3); there is little difference between weights of first and later born at placental weights under 1½ lb., but at higher placental weights later born are heavier than first born (Fig. 4). 5. The difference between growth rates of males and females is of course determined genetically. It is suggested that it may be explained by the observations that (a) the placenta is larger for males than for females, and (b) males make a greater use than females of a unit weight of placenta. The sex difference in growth rate is exhibited after birth (Fig. 5). 6. The difference between foetal growth rates of first and later born is determined by the pre-natal environment. It may be explained largely, though not entirely, by the fact that the placenta is larger for later born than for first born. The difference in growth rate is reversed after birth, and at 6 months first born are as heavy as later born (Fig. 5).

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