scholarly journals 123 PROGESTERONE LEVELS DURING 20 DAYS OF PREGNANCY IN RABBIT TREATED FOR ENDOMETRIOSIS OR WITH ANTI-CD44

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
M.J. Illera ◽  
P. Bermejo ◽  
A. Natarajan ◽  
C. Willingham ◽  
J. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Cell Surface Molecule ◽  
Group A ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Embryo implantation begins when the blastocyst both assumes a fixed position in the uterus and establishes a more intimate relationship with the endometrium. Successful implantation depends upon hormonal synchronization and development and the receptivity of the endometrium. CD44 is a cell surface molecule that has been implicated in the initial attachment of the embryo. The aim of this work was to study the hormonal levels of P4 in three groups of animals which have a normal pregnancy or an induced reduction in the number of implants. Twelve adult New Zealand does (n = 12) were naturally inseminated with a buck of proven fertility. Blood samples were obtained daily during 20 days of pregnancy. Hormonal determinations were performed by enzyme immunoassay. Animals were divided into three groups: group A (n = 4): control animals; group B (n = 4): endometriosis was surgically induced in the right horn a month before the animal was mated; and group C (n = 4): animals received an injection of 20 micrograms of anti-CD44 in the right horn via mid-ventral laparotomy on Day 6.5 post-coitum (0.5 mL each, from the ovarian end to the cervix). Each animal served as her own control with the left uterine horn receiving 0.5 mL of saline. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA.The number of corpora lutea was similar in all treatments. No statistical differences were found comparing CLs in the right/left ovary. In group A, a mean of 3.4 ± 0.47 (mean ± SE) implants was found in the right horn while the mean in the left side was 4.6 ± 0.81. In group B, a marked reduction in implantation sites was found, with 1.8 ± 0.60 and 4.66 ± 0.84 on the right and left horns, respectively. With anti-CD44 injected into the uterine horn (Group C), a mean of 0.12 implant was present in the right uterine horn compared with 3.6 implants on the left side (P < 0.001). Progesterone levels from Days 1 to 10 are shown in the following table (mean ± SE). Comparisons in day values are not statistically significant P > 0.05. After Day 10 the levels of progesterone were similar in all groups. The results showed an increase of progesterone levels in group B; this could be due to endometriosis and not to the number of implants. The results in the CD44 group reveal that progesterone profiles were similar to those in the control group, and we can conclude that the reduced number of implants found in group C did not affect the progesterone levels. Table 1. Progesterone levels (ng/mL) from Days 1 to 10 (mean ± SE)

scholarly journals 137THE EFFECT OF ANTI-CD44 ON EMBRYO IMPLANTATION IN RABBITS

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Illera ◽  
P. Bermejo ◽  
J. Hernandez ◽  
A. Gonzalez ◽  
J.C. Illera
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Cell Surface Receptor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Cellular adhesion molecules are thought to be responsible in embryo attachment in human and animals. Blastocyst attachment to the lining of the mammalian uterus during early implantation involves the initial apposition of the trophoblast to the uterine epithelial surface. A number of cell surface molecules have been implicated in the initial attachment reaction between trophectoderm and maternal surface epithelium, these include heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), trophinin, CD44, integrins and extra cellular matrix molecules such as osteopontin (OPN) each of which exhibit elevated levels of expression at the time of implantation. CD44 is a membrane glycoprotein that is present in a variety of isoforms and is considered to be the major cell surface receptor for hyaluronan. The aim of these work was to study the effect of CD44 on embryo implantation. The rabbit is potentially an excellent model for study of implantation because it is an obligate ovulator, and therefore pregnancy can be precisely timed. Adult New Zealand rabbit females (n=12) were naturally inseminated with a buck of proven fertility. The day of coitus was counted as ‘Day 0’ of pregnancy. To determine the effect of CD44 at the time of implantation, the animals were divided in three groups: group A (four animals): received 100μg of anti-CD44/mL in an intraperitoneal injection on day 4.5 of pregnancy; group B (four animals), via mid-ventral laparotomies on day 6.5 p.c animals received an injection of 20μg of anti-CD44 on the right horn (0.5mL each, from the ovarian end to the cervix). All these treatments were performed in the right horn. Each animal served as her own control with the left uterine horn receiving 0.5mL of saline. Group C (four animals): This was the control group; two animals received an injection of 2mL of saline and the other two received 0.5mL of saline in each uterine horn. Finally, each animal was sacrificed on Day 10 of the pregnancy, the uterus was removed, and the number of implants were counted in each uterine horn. In the group A: a mean of 4.5±0.47 s.e.m implants were found in the right and on the left side. In group B, a profound reduction in implantation sites was found with the anti-CD44 injected into the uterine horn, a mean of 0 implants in the right uterine horn compared with 3.5 implants on the left side P&lt;0.0001. Group C showed 4.25 implants on the right horn and 5.5 on the left horn; no statistical differences were found. Conclusion: the intraperitoneal injection of the anti-CD44 slightly reduced the number of embryos implanted but this reduction was not statistically significant. Anti-CD44 injected intrauterine affected seriously the embryo survival at the time of implantation.

scholarly journals Prolonged Sinus Pauses upon Termination of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Abnormal Right Atrial Electrophysiologic and Electroanatomic Findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyu Bao ◽  
Hongwu Chen ◽  
Bing Yang ◽  
Michael Shehata ◽  
Weizhu Ju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Sinus Node ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Activation Times ◽  
The Right

The efficacy of pulmonary vein antral isolation for patients with prolonged sinus pauses (PSP) on termination of atrial fibrillation has been reported. We studied the right atrial (RA) electrophysiologic and electroanatomic characteristics in such patients. Forty patients underwent electroanatomic mapping of the RA: 13 had PSP (group A), 13 had no PSP (group B), and 14 had paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (control group C). Group A had longer P-wave durations in lead II than did groups B and C (115.5 ± 15.4 vs 99.5 ± 10.9 vs 96.5 ± 10.4 ms; P=0.001), and RA activation times (106.8 ± 13.8 vs 99 ± 8.7 vs 94.5 ± 9.1 s; P=0.02). Group A's PP intervals were longer during adenosine triphosphate testing before ablation (4.6 ± 2.3 vs 1.7 ± 0.6 vs 1.5 ± 1 s; P &lt;0.001) and after ablation (4.7 ± 2.5 vs 2.2 ± 1.4 vs 1.6 ± 0.8 s; P &lt;0.001), and group A had more complex electrograms (11.4% ± 5.4% vs 9.3% ± 1.6% vs 5.8% ± 1.6%; P &lt;0.001). Compared with group C, group A had significantly longer corrected sinus node recovery times at a 400-ms pacing cycle length after ablation, larger RA volumes (100.1 ± 23.1 vs 83 ± 22.1 mL; P=0.04), and lower conduction velocities in the high posterior (0.87 ± 0.13 vs 1.02 ± 0.21 mm/ms; P=0.02) and high lateral RA (0.89 ± 0.2 vs 1.1 ± 0.35 mm/ms; P=0.04). We found that patients with PSP upon termination of atrial fibrillation have RA electrophysiologic and electroanatomic abnormalities that warrant post-ablation monitoring.

PHYSIOLOGICAL COAGULATION INHIBITORS (PROTEIN S, PROTEIN C AND ANTITHROMBIN III) IN NORMAL PREGNANCY AND IN SEVERAL HYPERTENSION STATES IN PREGNANCY

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Gilabert ◽  
J A Fernández ◽  
F Espana ◽  
J Aznar ◽  
A Estellés
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Coagulation Inhibitors ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The protein C (PC) - protein S (PS) anticoagulant system and antithrorribin III (AT III) were evaluated in normal pregnancy (group A, n= 53), severe preeclampsia (group B, n= 15) and chronic hypertension with superinposed severe preeclampsia (group C, n= 18). Group A was classified according to the stage of pregnancy as 1st (n=9), 2nd (n=ll) and 3rd (n=33) trimester (tr). A control group comprised 21 normal, non-pregnant women who were non-users of oral contraceptives. In normal pregnancy a significant decrease in the level of free protein S was observed in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and was sustained throughout the remaining months. The other coagulation inhibitors (protein C and AT III) undergo no significant changes during pregnancy and remain within the limits of normality. In cases of preeclampsia a significant decrease in protein C was observed. It was more evident in severe preeclarrpsia but was also found in chronic hypertension with superiirposed severe preeclanpsia when compared with the normal pregnancy group at similar gestational age. No statistically significant differences in protein S were found when the normal and pathological groups were compared. AT III decreased slightly in the severe preeclamptic group but the decrease was not significant.The decrease in protein C and AT III levels in severe preeclanpsia could be related with the microthrombotic state that these patients may present. However, protein S, which decreases during normal pregnancy, seems to play no role in preeclanpsia.

Effect of Hemiovariectomy on reproductive performance in Chinchila Rabbits.

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
C. A. Eze ◽  
C. P. Nwodo ◽  
E. O. Ogbu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reproductive Indices

This work evaluates the effects of hemiovariectomi (37 some reproductive indices such as conception rate, birth weight and birth litter size in Chinchilla breed of rabbits. Thirty females and six males were used for the experiment. The males were examined for breeding soundness before using them to cross the females. The experiment was replicated in two batches of three groups of five females and a male each at different periods. Hemi-ovariectomy was carried out in the right ovary of 10 does (Group A) and left ovary of another 10 does (Group B). Ten females in Group C were not ovariectomised and served as the control group. All groups were served at reproductive maturity by rotating the bucks. Pregnancy was diagnosed using a standard method. The reproductive indices evaluated included conception rate, birth weight and birth litter size. Data were analyzed using percentages, ratios, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was computed where necessary. Results showed that hemi ovariectomy significantly (P<0.01) reduced the mean litter size, Group A (2.50+58), Group B (3.00+0.71), control (Group C) (6.20+0.84). However, there was increased mean litter birth weight which, differed significantly (P<0.01) from that of the control (27.06), Group A (33.64+1.86) and Group B (33.93=1.75). Also, the conception rate in the treated groups averaged 65% while the control was 80%. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the groups in the interval from the introduction of the huck to the does to the time of conception. It is concluded thai hemiovariectomy has negative effect on the conception rate and birth litter size but has positive effect on birth litter weight. The procedure has shown that in highly priced breed of animal with unilateral ovarian uilments such an animal can still be used for breeding using the healthy ovary: The procedure could also be a more reliable method of birth control in pet animals as well as a means of producing heavy weight offspring.

EVIDENCE FOR EXTENDED MAINTENANCE OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM BY UTERINE INFUSION OF A RECOMBINANT TROPHOBLAST α-INTERFERON (TROPHOBLASTIN) IN SHEEP

1990 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. R5-R8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Martal ◽  
E. Degryse ◽  
G. Charpigny ◽  
N. Assal ◽  
P. Reinaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Immunological Cross Reaction

ABSTRACT Ovine trophoblastin (oTP) is a natural interferon of the class-II interferon-α subfamily. Recombinant ovine trophoblastin (r.oTP), produced by genetic engineering, was purified by anion-exchange HPLC. The product exhibited a high degree of homogeneity (>98%), and similar immunological cross reaction and antiviral activity to natural oTP. Antiluteolytic activity of r.oTP was established by intrauterine injection in two groups of cyclic recipient ewes. Control group A included 10 ewes which received sterile BSA in saline twice daily for 8 days (from day 10-12 of oestrous cycle). Experimental group B included 17 ewes which received 80 μg (4 ewes), 170 μg (8 ewes) or 340 μg (5 ewes) r.oTP daily for 8 days. Maintenance of functional corpora lutea for 1 month or more was observed in 4 out of 5 ewes which received high doses of r.oTP. These results indicate that oTP alone extends luteal secretory activity.

scholarly journals DOES PROBIOTIC AND PREBIOTIC TREATEMENT IN IVF CYCLES OF INFERTILE WOMEN WITH INTESTINAL DYSBIOSIS, AFFECT PREGNANCY RATE?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Irollo ◽  
M.F. Gangale ◽  
A. Tartaglione ◽  
C. Criscuolo ◽  
R. Aiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Born Baby ◽  
Group B

Background: Several findings show how as the intestinal microbiota regulates some important metabolic and physiological body functions, as production of toxic or useful substances, induction of inflammatory processes and interaction with immune system. Alterations of the intestinal microbiota can occur by changes in composition (dysbiosis), function, or microbiota-host interactions and they can be directly correlated with several diseases as bacterial vaginosis (BV). Objectives: the aim of this study is to understand if there is a correlation between acute intestinal dysbiosis condition and the failure in IVF freeze embryo transfer(FET)cycles, and if a prebiotic and probiotic treatment can improve the success rate. Search strategy: we investigate about the incidence of pregnancy rate in acute-severe dysbiotic patients and prebiotics–probiotics treated patients undergoing to a FET cycle. Selection criteria: 53 patient with acute or severe intestinal dysbiosis undergoing IVF cycle was recruited and randomized in two group. Group A (n=29) (control group) and Group B (n=24) have to transfer two freeze embryos each. Group B was treated with prebiotic and probiotic for at least two months to reduce the dysbiosis condition from acute-severe to mild-moderate level. Main results: After FET in the group A there have been 5 ongoing pregnancy and 3 born baby, in the group B (treated group) there was been 15 pregnancy(p<0,05) and 12 born baby (p<0,05) Conclusion: Our result show that a treatment whit probiotic and prebiotic is able to increase pregnancy rate in IVF cycles of infertile women affected by acute or severe intestinal dysbiosis, by modulation of some crucial mechanisms involved in embryo implantation.

scholarly journals Effects of Preeclampsia on Perinatal Outcome- A Study Done in the Specialized Urban Hospital Set Up in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kishwara ◽  
S Tanira ◽  
E Omar ◽  
F Wazed ◽  
S Ara
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urban Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy related disorder in Bangladesh that originates in the placenta and causes variable maternal and fetal problems. A prospective study was designed to see the associated maternal factors and fetal outcome in preeclampsia and to compare with that of normal pregnancy. The study was done in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, from August 2005 to June 2006. Sixty Bangladeshi pregnant women were taken in this study, of which thirty were normal uncomplicated pregnancies (considered as control group or group A) and another thirty having pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia (considered as preeclampsia group or group B), where the patients were normotensive previously. Both the maternal and fetal outcomes were observed and recorded. The mean age of the mother was 26.53±5.26 years and 26.67±5.27 years in group A and group B respectively. The mean gestational age of the mother was 38.27±1.26 weeks and 36.90±1.03 weeks in group A and group B respectively and the difference in between two groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). The mean birth weight of the neonate was 2.80±0.27 kg. and 2.26±0.41 kg. in group A and group B respectively and the difference was significant (p<0.001). The mean APGAR score of the neonate at one minute was 9.00±1.02 and 8.40±0.93 in group A and group B respectively and the difference was significant (p<0.05). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v40i1.9960 BMJ 2011; 40(1): 33-36

scholarly journals Mapping and Preserving the Visuospatial Network by repetitive nTMS and DTI Tractography in Patients With Right Parietal Lobe Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Raffa ◽  
Maria Catena Quattropani ◽  
Giuseppina Marzano ◽  
Antonello Curcio ◽  
Vincenzo Rizzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Historical Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dti Tractography ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

IntroductionThe goal of brain tumor surgery is the maximal resection of neoplastic tissue, while preserving the adjacent functional brain tissues. The identification of functional networks involved in complex brain functions, including visuospatial abilities (VSAs), is usually difficult. We report our preliminary experience using a preoperative planning based on the combination of navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) and DTI tractography to provide the preoperative 3D reconstruction of the visuospatial (VS) cortico-subcortical network in patients with right parietal lobe tumors.Material and MethodsPatients affected by right parietal lobe tumors underwent mapping of both hemispheres using an nTMS-implemented version of the Hooper Visual Organization Test (HVOT) to identify cortical areas involved in the VS network. DTI tractography was used to compute the subcortical component of the network, consisting of the three branches of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). The 3D reconstruction of the VS network was used to plan and guide the safest surgical approach to resect the tumor and avoid damage to the network. We retrospectively analyzed the cortical distribution of nTMS-induced errors, and assessed the impact of the planning on surgery by analyzing the extent of tumor resection (EOR) and the occurrence of postoperative VSAs deficits in comparison with a matched historical control group of patients operated without using the nTMS-based preoperative reconstruction of the VS network.ResultsTwenty patients were enrolled in the study (Group A). The error rate (ER) induced by nTMS was higher in the right vs. the left hemisphere (p=0.02). In the right hemisphere, the ER was higher in the anterior supramarginal gyrus (aSMG) (1.7%), angular gyrus (1.4%) superior parietal lobule (SPL) (1.3%), and dorsal lateral occipital gyrus (dLoG) (1.2%). The reconstruction of the cortico-subcortical VS network was successfully used to plan and guide tumor resection. A gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 85% of cases. After surgery no new VSAs deficits were observed and a slightly significant improvement of the HVOT score (p=0.02) was documented. The historical control group (Group B) included 20 patients matched for main clinical characteristics with patients in Group A, operated without the support of the nTMS-based planning. A GTR was achieved in 90% of cases, but the postoperative HVOT score resulted to be worsened as compared to the preoperative period (p=0.03). The comparison between groups showed a significantly improved postoperative HVOT score in Group A vs. Group B (p=0.03).ConclusionsThe nTMS-implemented HVOT is a feasible approach to map cortical areas involved in VSAs. It can be combined with DTI tractography, thus providing a reconstruction of the VS network that could guide neurosurgeons to preserve the VS network during tumor resection, thus reducing the occurrence of postoperative VSAs deficits as compared to standard asleep surgery.

Do trabecular metal and cancellous titanium implants reduce the risk of late haematogenous infection? An experimental study in rabbits

2020 ◽  
pp. 112070002092889
Author(s):  
George Komnos ◽  
Konstantinos Banios ◽  
Konstantina Kolonia ◽  
Lazaros A Poultsides ◽  
Efthimia Petinaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trabecular Metal ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Initial Procedure ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group D

Aim: This study evaluated the late resistance to haematogenous contamination by microbial pathogens of implants and bone-implant interface and the development of late clinical infection when cementless components with different surface or structural properties are implanted. Material and methods: 50 adult male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 5 groups of 10 animals each. In Group A smooth titanium, in Group B grit blasted titanium, in Group C HA-coated titanium, in Group D trabecular metal and in group E cancellous titanium rods were implanted in the right proximal tibia. Four weeks later, 1 ml of inoculum of a standardised CA-MRSA strain (3 × 108 cfu/ml) was injected through a femoral artery catheter (groups B, C, D, E) while in group A, 1 ml of sterile saline was injected in a similar way (control group). Subjects were killed 8 weeks after the initial procedure and 3 samples of each tibial specimen were subjected to conventional cultures and PCR studies. Results: The number of the specimens (conventional cultures and PCR studies) contaminated by the standardized pathogen was as follows: Group A: 0/10, Group B: 7/10, Group C: 6/10, Group D; 5/10 and Group E: 5/10. Comparing the number of colony form units isolated from the implant samples, Group B (GB titanium) showed statistically significantly higher values (Mann-Whitney test) compared to Group C ( p = 0.044), Group D ( p = 0.040) and Group E ( p = 0.038). Local active infection was observed in 6 animals: 3 in Group B; 1 in Group C, 1 in Group D, and 1 in Group E. Conclusions: Modern cementless implants (trabecular metal and cancellous titanium) showed a lower risk of implant contamination and late clinical haematogenous infection.

scholarly journals Predictors of Good Metabolic Control of Diabetes in Adolescents Social, Epidemiological and Neuropsychological Dimensions

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Jihane Ziati ◽  
Najlae El- Hafidi ◽  
Naima Bennani ◽  
Zineb Imane
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Control ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Therapeutic Education ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
Group A ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Our study included 60 children with diabetes. We divided them into two groups: Group A and Group B. Patients assigned to Group A had controlled diabetes and formed our “Control Group”, while Group B was for patients with poorly controlled diabetes. This study was conducted in « The Home of the Young Diabetic » center in collaboration with the diabetes unit at the pediatric hospital of Rabat. Our goal was to identify the different predictors of metabolic control in diabetic adolescents by looking at the epidemiological data, lifestyle, social level, and the family life of different categories. Finally, we analyzed the results and suggested solutions. To improve the medical care of diabetes provide better control of the teenage period and reinforce therapeutic education, it is necessary to propose social help to families in need and expand the right of health insurance to all citizens but also refund all the new technologies in diabetes treatment. Lastly, we suggested the integration of a psychological test at the beginning of the diabetes discovery and add it to the screening of complications.

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