scholarly journals Household-oriented benefits largely outweigh commercial benefits derived from cattle in Mabalane District, Mozambique

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Karanja Ng'ang'a ◽  
Cecilia Ritho ◽  
Mario Herrero ◽  
Simon Fraval
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
Pastoral Households ◽  
Large Herd ◽  
Crop Harvest ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
High Social Status

In Sub-Saharan Africa, research aimed at improving household livelihoods through cattle often targets commercial benefits while neglecting household-oriented benefits. The latter are rarely articulated, and their comprehensive role in livelihoods is little understood by policymakers. The main aim of this study was to assess household-oriented benefits of cattle as a basis for formulating appropriate policies. Data were collected from 192 households selected through multistage random sampling in Mabalane District of Mozambique in 2009. The main objectives of cattle raising were identified and ranked in order of importance by using the analytical hierarchy procedure. The vast majority (98%) of households kept cattle primarily to derive various types of household-oriented benefits such as draft power, financing, insurance, saving, social status and bridewealth. Only 2% of households kept cattle mainly for commercial benefits. The households secured financing, insurance and saving primarily by capital accumulation through herd expansion, for example after a good crop harvest, using the profit to purchase a young calf, an ox or a heifer. Households reporting social prestige as an important objective for raising cattle were mainly those already with high social status. In Mabalane District, a large herd of cattle is considered evidence of one’s ability to manage communally owned resources. This suggests that the functions of draft power, financing, insurance and saving play important roles in the livelihoods of most of agro-pastoral households in Mozambique—arguably more important than meat and milk. The reliance on financing, insurance and saving benefits of cattle, as well as the low level of milk and meat marketing, could be explained by the low level of development within the district, exacerbated by the civil war that ended in the 1990s.

Extent to which low-level use of antiretroviral treatment could curb the AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa

The Lancet ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 355 (9221) ◽  
pp. 2095-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Wood ◽  
Paula Braitstein ◽  
Julio SG Montaner ◽  
Martin T Schechter ◽  
Mark W Tyndall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Sub Saharan

Social Indicators and Physical Abuse of Women by Intimate Partners: A Study of Women in Zambia

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Okenwa ◽  
Stephen Lawoko
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan

Intimate partner physical abuse (IPPA) of women is a societal problem with sinister implications on health. IPPA has been integrally linked to social status though the direction of association remains elusive, not the least in sub-Saharan Africa. This article investigated the association between IPPA and social status of women in Zambia. Data comprising 3,969 currently partnered women were retrieved from the 2001 Zambian Demographic and Health Survey and analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression. IPPA augmented with low education, income-generating activity, access to information, autonomy over household health issues, and having tolerant attitudes toward IPPA. Tolerant attitude toward IPPA and illiteracy were independent risk factors for IPPA. Educational interventions are recommended to prevent IPPA in Zambia.

AN ASSESSMENT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL DISPOSITION AND CULTURE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: SOME LESSONS FROM GHANA

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850001 ◽  
Author(s):  
KWAME ADOM ◽  
NEWMAN CHIRI ◽  
DANIEL QUAYE ◽  
KWASI AWUAH-WEREKOH
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Job Seeking ◽  
Youth Entrepreneurship ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

This paper assesses the impact of Ghanaian culture on the entrepreneurial disposition of Higher National Diploma (HND) graduates of Accra Polytechnic from 2007 to 2012. Since the turn of the millennium, there has been more attention given to job creation than job seeking, especially among the youth, to address unemployment in developing countries. This is because of governments' inability to match the growing number of job seekers to job creation across the globe. One way to address this deficit in Ghana is the introduction of courses in entrepreneurship in almost all tertiary institutions, coupled with the setting up of institutions such as Ghana Youth Employment and Entrepreneurship Development Agency (GYEEDA), National Youth Employment Program (NYEP), Youth Entrepreneurship Agency (YEA), Youth Entrepreneurship Support (YES), among others. Reporting on 2015 data from Accra, the main finding was that collectivistic culture has negative effects on capital accumulation, human resource management and the urgency the unemployed graduates attached to self-employment. Therefore, this paper calls for some ways to address the issue of graduates' inability to be enterprising.

scholarly journals Diabetes in Africa sub-Saharan Distribution Based on Social Status: The Case of Libreville (Gabon)

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Guy S. Padzys ◽  
Joseph P Ondo ◽  
Priscilla L Omouenze ◽  
Sylvie Zongo
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modifiable Factor ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Diabetes Center ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

<p class="Pa5"><strong>Objectives: </strong>Many researchers continue to believe that urbanization is a major contributor to diabetes. We seek to demon­strate that the social status associated with urbanization has an impact on the preva­lence of diabetes in Libreville, Gabon in sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p class="Pa5"><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study was conducted in Li­breville, the capital of Gabon; the city has a population of 397,000. Our study analyzed data from the registries of patients hospital­ized in 2013 in the main diabetes center in Libreville.</p><p class="Pa5"><strong>Result: </strong>The results revealed that, for 2013, 798 patients were hospitalized with diabetes at a prevalence of .2%. We found differences (<em>P</em>&lt;.05) between women (423) and men (375). Mean age for women was 52.02 years and 48.88 years for men. The number of existing cases hospitalized was significantly more than new cases. All levels of society were represented in our study: students (42); military (36); administratives (99); technicians (180); unemployed (295); and retired (146). The results showed that the unemployed (36%), particularly women (29.40%) are most affected by diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show the impact of social status on the increase of diabetes in Libreville. We found that urbanization, associated with insecurity especially in women, had an effect on the prevalence of diabetes in Libreville. These results indicate that, apart from the non-modifiable fac­tors (age, race, ethnicity), insecurity is a modifiable factor that should be taken into account. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2015;25(4):459-462; doi:10.18865/ed.25.4.459</p>

scholarly journals Fixing extraction through conservation: On crises, fixes and the production of shared value and threat

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-988
Author(s):  
Charis Enns ◽  
Brock Bersaglio ◽  
Adam Sneyd
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Shared Value ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Extractive Sector ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Two Sectors ◽  
Means Of Production

We are currently witnessing a global trend of intensifying and deepening relationships between extractive companies and biodiversity conservation organisations that warrants closer scrutiny. Although existing literature has established that these two sectors often share the same space and rely on similar logics, it is increasingly common to find biodiversity conservation being carried out through partnerships between extractive and conservation actors. In this article, we explore what this cooperation achieves for both sectors. Using illustrative examples of extractive-conservation collaboration across sub-Saharan Africa, we argue that new entanglements between extractive and conservation actors are motivated by multiple purposes. First, partnering with conservation actors serves as a spatial and socio-ecological fix for extractive companies in response to multiple crises that threaten the sector's productivity. Second, new forms of collaboration between extractive and conservation actors create pathways for both sectors to produce new value from nature. For the extractive sector, creating new value from nature works as a further fix to capitalist crises whereas, for the conservation sector, producing value through nature amounts to new opportunities for capital accumulation. Importantly, working together to produce shared value from nature within and beyond extractive concessions secures both sectors' control over the means of production. Theoretically, our analysis links literature on value in capitalist nature with that on spatial and socio-ecological fixes.

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