Charge fingerprints of forest organic horizons from north-eastern USA

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S. Ross ◽  
Richmond J. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Usa ◽  
Active Research

The charge fingerprint procedure was used to characterise the exchange properties of high- organic forest soils from the north-eastern USA. Twenty-six Oa or A horizon samples were obtained from active research sites to provide samples with a range in carbon from 15·1 to 49·4% and pH (in 1 mM CaCl2) from 2·8 to 4·2. Fingerprints were similar to those developed for other variably charged soils except that significant quantities of exchangeable H+ were found and no appreciable anion exchange capacity was measured. The magnitude of the ‘base’ cation capacity (CECB) varied linearly with pH, averaging >50% change per unit pH change. A good estimate of the CECB was obtained from the sum of cations removed by a single extraction with 1·0 М choline chloride (slope 1·03, r2 = 0·91). Variations in exchangeable Al3+ or H+ with pH were related to the quantity found in untreated samples, probably because of the close association between exchangeable and organically complexed forms. The total CEC was closely related to the sum of cations removed by 0·1 M BaCl2 (slope 1·05, r2 = 0·96). Although low ionic strength may be difficult to maintain in low pH samples, the fingerprint method appears to allow precise interpolation of the organic soils’ exchange capacity at field pH.

scholarly journals Infrasound and the Avian Navigational Map

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan T. Hagstrum
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Magnetic Compass ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Supersonic Transport ◽  
Atmospheric Processes ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
Navigational Map ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Usa

Birds can accurately navigate over hundreds to thousands of kilometres, and use celestial and magnetic compass senses to orient their flight. How birds determine their location in order to select the correct homeward bearing (map sense) remains controversial, and has been attributed to their olfactory or magnetic senses. Pigeons can hear infrasound down to 0·05 Hz, and an acoustic avian map is proposed consisting of infrasonic cues radiated from steep-sided topographic features. The source of these infrasonic signals is microseisms continuously generated by interfering oceanic waves. Atmospheric processes affecting the infrasonic map cues can explain perplexing experimental results from pigeon releases. Moreover, four recent disrupted pigeon races in Europe and the north-eastern USA intersected infrasonic shock waves from the Concorde supersonic transport. Having an acoustic map might also allow clock-shifted birds to test their homeward progress and select between their magnetic and solar compasses.

scholarly journals A three decade assessment of climate-associated changes in forest composition across the north-eastern USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1592-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun K. Bose ◽  
Aaron Weiskittel ◽  
Robert G. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Forest Composition ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Usa

scholarly journals Mothers’ experience of fathers’ support for breast-feeding

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1780-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E Nickerson ◽  
Abby C Sykes ◽  
Teresa T Fung
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Lactation Consultant ◽  
The North ◽  
Feeding Experience ◽  
Health Care Practitioners ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Usa ◽  
Feeding Process

AbstractObjectiveTo examine mothers’ experience of support received from fathers for breast-feeding.DesignWe conducted in-depth in-person interviews with women with recent breast-feeding experience. Interview transcripts were analysed by qualitative content analysis. Interviews were designed to explore the mothers’ perception of role of fathers in breast-feeding, education on breast-feeding that fathers received and their perception of the fathers’ view on breast-feeding.SettingUrban and suburban community.SubjectsNineteen women from a metropolitan area in the north-eastern USA.ResultsTen themes emerged, these involved practical and emotional support provided by fathers, especially during times of unexpected breast-feeding challenges. In addition, mothers perceived fathers may benefit from more peer and professional support, lactation consultant service and breast-feeding education.ConclusionsMothers appreciated the support from fathers for breast-feeding continuation, including encouragement and understanding. These results may be useful for health-care practitioners to promote breast-feeding continuation by supporting fathers in their role in the breast-feeding process.

scholarly journals SOME DIAGNOSTIC PARAMETERS OF TYPICAL SOILSON NORTH-EASTERN SLOPE OF THEGREAT CAUCASUS IN AZERBAIJAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K Manafova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
Base Exchange ◽  
The North ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Republic

The article describes the physical-geographical position, geomorphological, geological, climate and hydrological conditions of the North-Eastern slope of the Great Caucasus. The morphogenetic picture of the typical mountain-forest brown, residual calcareous mountain-forest brown, and mountain grey-brown soil profiles is given. The morphogenetic description of the soil resource horizons in the soil profile was performed according to the WRB system. The modern state of agricultural land was comparatively analyzed by examining principal diagnostic indices. The study was confined to Gusar District of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The geographical coordinates of each soil section were determined. The soil formation conditionswere characterized depending on vegetation cover, soil forming rock, slope exposition, and hypsometric level. The soils have been comparatively assessed by humus quality (main indicator of soil fertility), total nitrogen content, pH, calcareous quantity, granulometric composition, and base exchange capacity.

Sperm whales associated with Gulf Stream features off the north-eastern USA shelf

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
GORDON T. WARING ◽  
CAROL P. FAIRFIELD ◽  
CYNTHIA M. RUHSAM ◽  
MARGARET SANO
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Stream ◽  
Sperm Whales ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Usa

The occurrence and control of yellow spot of wheat in north-eastern Australia

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (98) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Rees ◽  
GJ Platz
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Yellow Spot ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Cereal Rye ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern

Explanations were sought for the increased severity of yellow spot of wheat (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis) in the north-eastern wheat growing areas of Australia. A close association between the severity of yellow spot and stubble management practices was found in a field experiment. There was less disease in plots where stubble had been burned (0.83 lesions per leaf) or burned and cultivated (0.62) than in plots which were mechanically cultivated (2.43) or untreated (11.75). In another study severe yellow spot developed as early as in the second wheat crop in a rotation. Differences in susceptibility to the disease were found among 11 wheat cultivars and lines. Vigorous development of the pathogen occurred on cereal rye and triticale while the fungus was isolated from small lesions on barley and four common grasses. Avoidance of planting wheat into infected wheat stubble, either by crop rotation or removal of surface stubble by incorporation or burning, should provide effective control of the disease in most situations.

scholarly journals Sediment Source for Melt-Water Deposits

1981 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Pessl ◽  
Jan E. Frederick
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Sediment Source ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The North ◽  
Sediment Volume ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Melt Water ◽  
Actual Volume ◽  
Glacier Ice

A question is posed regarding the source of melt-water sediment. Does stagnant ice, functionally separated from active ice and gradually melting in place, contain enough rock debris to account for the volume of melt-water deposits known to exist in deglaciated areas, or does the volume of these deposits require a sediment source in close association with active ice from which the supply of rock debris is continually replenished?Differing opinions on this question are implied in two contrasting models for deglaciation in the north-eastern United States. One, involving regional stagnation, assumes a sediment source in stagnant glacier ice; the other, involving stagnation-zone retreat, considers active ice the principal sediment source. This paper presents reported values of debris content in glacier ice and uses these values to calculate theoretical sediment volumes for a small drainage basin (1 300 km2) in northeastern U.S.A.A typical value for the amount of rock debris in temperate glacier ice is 25% (volume) debris content in a 400 mm-thick basal debrisrich zone. This value gives a calculated sediment volume of 0.13 km3, about 6% of the estimated actual volume of melt-Hater sediment in the test basin. Comparison of calculated theoretical sediment volume with the estimated actual sediment volume in the basin indicates that stagnant ice is an inadequate sediment source, and that active ice, rather than stagnant ice, is probably the principal sediment source for melt-water deposits.

scholarly journals The feasibility of the north-eastern USA supporting the return of the cougar Puma concolor

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Laundré
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Small Population ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Usa ◽  
Minimal Contact ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
Adirondack State Park

AbstractThe cougar Puma concolor was part of the pre-European fauna of the north-eastern USA. It was extirpated in the late 1800s and since the late 1900s there have been discussions concerning its reintroduction to the region. One site considered is Adirondack State Park in northern New York. In 1981 an assessment of the feasibility of returning cougars concluded that the Park had adequate prey and forest cover to support a small population of cougars but that conflicts with humans would cause the demise of this population within 10 years. Thus reintroduction at that time was not advised. Since then knowledge of cougar ecology and how cougars interact with humans has increased substantially. Based on information compiled since the 1980s I conducted a landscape-scale analysis to assess whether cougars could live in the Park. The results indicate that cougars could occupy 15,300–17,000 km2 (61–69%) of the Park, with minimal contact with human habitation. Based on reported cougar densities the Park could support a population of 150–350 cougars. These cougars would consume < 10% of the adult deer population annually and fawn production would be sufficient to replace these losses. Human and road densities in the Park are similar to those of the Black Hills, South Dakota and southern Florida, both of which have viable populations of cougars. I concluded that Adirondack State Park could support a population of cougars. What is now required is the will to bring them back.

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