scholarly journals SOME DIAGNOSTIC PARAMETERS OF TYPICAL SOILSON NORTH-EASTERN SLOPE OF THEGREAT CAUCASUS IN AZERBAIJAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. K Manafova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
Base Exchange ◽  
The North ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Republic

The article describes the physical-geographical position, geomorphological, geological, climate and hydrological conditions of the North-Eastern slope of the Great Caucasus. The morphogenetic picture of the typical mountain-forest brown, residual calcareous mountain-forest brown, and mountain grey-brown soil profiles is given. The morphogenetic description of the soil resource horizons in the soil profile was performed according to the WRB system. The modern state of agricultural land was comparatively analyzed by examining principal diagnostic indices. The study was confined to Gusar District of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The geographical coordinates of each soil section were determined. The soil formation conditionswere characterized depending on vegetation cover, soil forming rock, slope exposition, and hypsometric level. The soils have been comparatively assessed by humus quality (main indicator of soil fertility), total nitrogen content, pH, calcareous quantity, granulometric composition, and base exchange capacity.

scholarly journals Agriculture and land use in the North of Russia: Case study of Karelia and Yakutia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1497-1511
Author(s):  
Alexey Naumov ◽  
Varvara Akimova ◽  
Daria Sidorova ◽  
Mikhail Topnikov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic

AbstractDespite harsh climate, agriculture on the northern margins of Russia still remains the backbone of food security. Historically, in both regions studied in this article – the Republic of Karelia and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) – agricultural activities as dairy farming and even cropping were well adapted to local conditions including traditional activities such as horse breeding typical for Yakutia. Using three different sources of information – official statistics, expert interviews, and field observations – allowed us to draw a conclusion that there are both similarities and differences in agricultural development and land use of these two studied regions. The differences arise from agro-climate conditions, settlement history, specialization, and spatial pattern of economy. In both regions, farming is concentrated within the areas with most suitable natural conditions. Yet, even there, agricultural land use is shrinking, especially in Karelia. Both regions are prone to being affected by seasonality, but vary in the degree of its influence. Geographical location plays special role, and weaknesses caused by remoteness to some extent become advantage as in Yakutia. Proximity effect is controversial. In Karelia, impact of neighboring Finland is insignificant compared with the nearby second Russian city – Saint Petersburg.

Ecological analysis of river and canal waters used for irrigation of the north-eastern slope of the Greater Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Mina Faiq qızı Hüseynova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Ecological Analysis ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Drainage Capacity

The rivers flowing from the north-eastern slope of the Greater Caucasus are among the rivers that flow directly into the Caspian Sea. Sludge, sand, various suspended solids, organic compounds, mineral salts, etc. in river water. both naturally and through irrigation. As a result of multi-year irrigation, agro-irrigation horizons of different thicknesses are formed by the accumulation in the soil of water-derived organic and mineral compounds. Significant changes in the mechanical composition of the soil occur due to the accumulation of materials here. First of all, the amount of small fractional physical activity increases, geophysical and geochemical processes change. The density of the soil increases, the reclamation condition deteriorates, the drainage capacity weakens, and the air and water regime are negatively affected. During the research, the hydrological features of the area rivers, feeding regime, areas irrigated by the rivers, ecological analysis of the river and canal waters and the complex of physical-geographical factors causing it were studied. Key words:water supply, water consumption, irrigated areas, canal water, ecological analysis of river water, physical-geographical factors

Charge fingerprints of forest organic horizons from north-eastern USA

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S. Ross ◽  
Richmond J. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Usa ◽  
Active Research

The charge fingerprint procedure was used to characterise the exchange properties of high- organic forest soils from the north-eastern USA. Twenty-six Oa or A horizon samples were obtained from active research sites to provide samples with a range in carbon from 15·1 to 49·4% and pH (in 1 mM CaCl2) from 2·8 to 4·2. Fingerprints were similar to those developed for other variably charged soils except that significant quantities of exchangeable H+ were found and no appreciable anion exchange capacity was measured. The magnitude of the ‘base’ cation capacity (CECB) varied linearly with pH, averaging >50% change per unit pH change. A good estimate of the CECB was obtained from the sum of cations removed by a single extraction with 1·0 М choline chloride (slope 1·03, r2 = 0·91). Variations in exchangeable Al3+ or H+ with pH were related to the quantity found in untreated samples, probably because of the close association between exchangeable and organically complexed forms. The total CEC was closely related to the sum of cations removed by 0·1 M BaCl2 (slope 1·05, r2 = 0·96). Although low ionic strength may be difficult to maintain in low pH samples, the fingerprint method appears to allow precise interpolation of the organic soils’ exchange capacity at field pH.

Курган ямной культуры на южном берегу р. Егорлык

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-31
Author(s):  
Erdni A. Kekeev ◽  
◽  
Maria A. Ochir-Goryaeva ◽  
Evgeny G. Burataev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Excavation Work ◽  
The Bronze Age

The article presents materials from the excavation work of the mound 1 from the Egorlyk group. The mound was formed over two burials of the Yamnaya culture of the early Bronze Age era. The only inlet burial was placed in the center of the mound during the transition period from the late Bronze Age to the early Iron Age. The discovery of this monument is significant because it is the first monument of the Bronze Age explored on the north-eastern slope of the Stavropol height, in-between the rivers Egorlyk and Kalaus and bounded from the east by the lake Manych.

scholarly journals Current State of Local Lore Bibliography of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-592
Author(s):  
Sargylana V. Maksimova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
General Will ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Natural Way

The article reveals the current state of local lore bibliography in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the main types of bibliographic indexes: scientific-auxiliary, recommendation. The author gives the examples of specific bibliographic manuals, which allow to determine the existing system of local lore bibliography, its methodological, organizational and technological development.The article notes the leading centres involved in the creation of local lore bibliographic manuals, considers the principles of creating bibliographic resources through the organization of local lore scientific-auxiliary bibliography.The author presents the analysis of “Bibliography of Yakutia” by N.N. Gribanovsky as one of the samples of bibliographing for all the time of development of local lore bibliography in Russia and gives information about the reconstruction work of this publication. In 2016, the National Library (NL) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) started preparing for the publication of multi-volume universal scientific-auxiliary bibliographic work “Bibliography of Yakutia (1932—2022)” on all the main branches of knowledge: Yakut language, Literature, Literary Criticism, Folklore, Economy and Demography, State and Law, Political Science, History, Archaeology and Ethnology, Culture and Arts, Health Care, Medicine, Education, Physical Culture and Sports, National Economy and Industry, Agriculture, Minerals and Geology, Cryology. It is expected that the publication will consist of 15 volumes and in general will close the existing gap in bibliographing of documents on all the major branches of knowledge for the years 1932—2022.The author presents detailed characteristics of the main bibliographic indexes published by the NL of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Scientific library of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov, the Central scientific library of the Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Scientific library of the Yakutsk Agricultural Academy.The article reveals the new opportunities in bibliographic activity of municipal libraries of the Republic, analyses the base for compilation of bibliographic resources of the regions (uluses) of the Republic. The author pays special attention to the activities on creation of recommendation bibliography on “Yakut Studies”. The conclusions present the results of the development of the system of local lore bibliography in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).The author highlights that the characteristic feature of the modern system of bibliographic indexes of the region is the integrity of the major types and kinds of bibliographic indexes; the organizational, technological and scientific components are identified in general; and the bibliographic provision of science and practical activity of the Republic is increasing. The presented system develops quite dynamically in the natural way of changes in the life of society.

scholarly journals Reintroduction of Kok-saghyz (Taraxacum Kok-saghyz L. Rodin)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Kairat R. Uteulin
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

For the first time in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the reintroduction of the kok-saghyz dandelion (Taraxacum kok-saghyz L. Rodin) has been carried out, a rare species included in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. Kok-saghyz is a valuable resource plant of world importance. It is used as an industrial crop, a source of high-quality rubber. During the works held in 2017-2018 the method of returning kok-saghyz to the limits of its natural growth zone, located on the intermountain valleys of the North-Eastern Tien Shan of Kazakhstan, has been tested. The survival rate of kok-saghyz seedlings decreased from 94% to 84% and then to 77% with an increase in the height of the seedlings above sea level (1795, 1842, 1900 meters, respectively). The tested method will be used in the practice of restoration, expansion and preservation of natural populations of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin.

scholarly journals Soil-Ecological Features of Gray-Brown (Chestnut) Soils Formed on the North-Eastern Slope of the Lesser Caucasus (Within the Shamkirchay Reservoir Basin)

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Ramil Sadigov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
The North ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Lesser Caucasus ◽  
Reservoir Basin

On the north-eastern slope of the Lesser Caucasus, within the boundaries of Shamkir administrative district, the most common soils in the Shamkirchay reservoir basin are gray-brown (chestnut) soils. Since the commissioning of the reservoir, these lands have been intensively used as new irrigated areas under agricultural production. To some extent, non-compliance with planting norms when using irrigation can lead to a decrease in soil fertility parameters, soil degradation, and an increased risk of salinization. The main purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of the main physicochemical and fertility indicators of soils in the basin and the relationship between them in the gray-brown (chestnut) soils spread within the basin boundaries of the reservoir. Diagnostic indicators, agrochemical properties and results of their analysis of soil plots placed in characteristic places were analyzed in tables and explanations. The main indicators are humus, total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, granulometric composition (sand, dust, silt and clay fractions), soil environmental reaction (pH) and carbonate content (CaCO3), statistical analysis. The article has covered studies in dark, conventional and light gray-brown (semi-brown) semi-soils in three sub-areas of gray-brown (chestnut) soils, mainly distributed in the Shamkirchay reservoir. In each of the three subclasses, profiles are set in specific locations. The practical part has been implemented in 2 stages. During the field studies, 9 profiles have been excavated, relevant samples have been taken, and analysis has been performed to determine the diagnostic performance. The results of the analyses have been presented in the respective tables and have been analyzed in detail. All analyses have been carried out on the basis of modern methods.

scholarly journals Contribution to the knowledge of the butterfly fauna (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of the north-eastern part of the Republic of Kosovo

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (4 - Ahead of print) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Ferdije Zhushi-Etemi ◽  
Valmir Visoka ◽  
Hazir Çadraku ◽  
Pajtim Bytyçi
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The North ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Butterfly Fauna ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Near Threatened

Butterflies are highly sensitive to habitat and climate changes, and are recognized as important indicators of the state of the environment. Therefore their diversity needs to be studied on a regional scale in order to take actions for their protection by national and international legislation. Here, the results of a butterfly survey in the northeastern part of Kosovo are presented. A total of 93 species were recorded from 2014 to 2017 in six localities, including seven Hesperiidae, four Papilionidae, 15 Pieridae, 25 Lycenidae, 41 Nymphalidae and a single species of Riodinidae. Six of them are listed in the Red List of European Butterflies, all as Near Threatened: Cupido decoloratus (Staudinger, 1886), Pseudophilotes vicrama (Moore, 1865), Hipparchia statilinus (Hufnagel, 1766), Melitaea aurelia (Nickerl, 1850), Melitaea diamina (Lang, 1789) and Parnassius mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758). Five species are listed in the recently published Red book of the fauna of Kosovo: two species as Vulnerable (VU), Lycaena dispar (Haworth, 1802) and Thecla betulae (Linnaeus, 1758) and three as Near Threatened, Cupido decoloratus (Staudinger, 1886), Papilio machaon (Linnaeus, 1758) and Zerynthia cerysi (Godart, 1824). From a zoogeographical point of view, the reported species represent eight faunal elements: 51 Euro-Siberian (ES), 27 Euro-Oriental (EO), six Euro-Meridional (EM), five Holarctic (Hol), two Tropical (Tro), one Boreo-Montane (BM), one Cosmopolitan (Cos) and one Mediterranean (Med). We conclude that 93 species of butterfly fauna recorded in this survey represent a relatively high diversity, but further surveys need to be organized in order to gather more data.

scholarly journals Teaching the Tatar language in Kazan institutes of higher education in the 1920s: from Old Turkic written language to the Dalton plan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-220
Author(s):  
Lyudmila A. Bushueva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Oriental Studies

The article examines the process of the Tatar language teaching formation in Kazan institutes of higher education in the 1920s on the example of institutes in the Humanities sphere: the North-Eastern Archaeological and Ethnographic Institute, the Eastern Academy and the Tatar National Branch of the Eastern Pedagogical Institute. The research is based on a wide range of unpublished sources from the funds of the State Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan. The study examines the curriculum of the disciplines within which the Tatar language was studied, the teaching forms and methods, as well as the formation of a team of specialists who taught the language during that period. Special attention is given to the study of the socio-political conditions in which the Tatar language instruction developed. It has been established that in the first years of the Soviet regime, the Tatar language was taught in Kazan institutes mainly by orientalists. Therefore, teaching this subject was closely related to oriental studies and source studies disciplines. Students mastered not only the spoken Tatar language, but also learned to work with Old Turkic writing manuscripts. Teaching the Tatar language in the second half of the 1920s was aimed primarily at training teachers of the native language. That period was distinguished by the instability of curricula, the introduction of new teaching methods, including the Dalton plan, and also changes in teaching staff.

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