Taxonomy of Sarga, Sorghum and Vacoparis (Poaceae: Andropogoneae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell E. Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Species Limits ◽  
The Past ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
Variable Species ◽  
Rank Constraints ◽  
Name Changes

Sorghum taxa are evaluated in light of recent molecular and morphological evidence. The data suggest that three distinct lineages exist, but relationships among these lineages are unresolved. Each lineage is recognised here as a distinct genus in the context of overall variation in tribe Andropogoneae. The type species for the name Sorghum is S. bicolor, the cultivar. S. halepense and S. nitidum are also retained in Sorghum. The name Sarga is resurrected to encompass the set of species formerly making up the bulk of subgenera Parasorghum and Stiposorghum. A new genus, Vacoparis, is defined to include the cytologically and morphologically distinct Australasian taxa, V. macrospermum and V. laxiflorum. The taxonomy proposed is contrasted with a rankless alternative to illustrate the smaller number of name changes that can be accomplished when rank constraints are not enforced. Uncertain relationships among the three lineages as well as among a large number of taxa comprising subtribe Saccharinae exemplifies the difficulties in assigning ranks to taxa that may have future dramatic name changes with new data. As discussions progress concerning the validity and utility of rankless classifications, concrete examples, such as the revision presented here, can provide insights into specific cases where strengths and weaknesses can be evaluated. Species boundaries in Sarga are different from those formerly defined. Continuous variation across specimens in characters used to distinguish taxa in the past led to the decision to broaden species limits so that fewer and morphologically variable species are recognised.

scholarly journals Molecular and morphological evidence reveal a new genus and species in Auriculariales from tropical China

MycoKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 27-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Sheng Yuan ◽  
Xu Lu ◽  
Cony Decock
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Tropical China

Grammatuslabyrinthinusgen. et sp. nov. is proposed based on DNA sequences data and morphological characteristics. It is known so far from southern, tropical China. The new species is characterised by an annual, resupinate basidiocarp with a shallow, subporoid hymenophore, a hymenium restricted to the bottom of the tubes, a dimitic hyphal system, presence of encrusted skeletocystidia and dendrohyphidia, longitudinally septate basidia and smooth, oblong-ellipsoid to cylindrical, acyanophilous basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS + nLSU DNA sequences data indicate that G.labyrinthinus belongs to Auriculariaceae in which it has an isolated position. Phylogenetic inferences show G.labyrinthinus to be related to Heteroradulum. However, the ITS sequences similarity between G.labyrinthinus and H.kmetii, the type species of Heteroradulum, were 89.84% and support the establishment of the new genus. Inversely, Heteroradulumsemis clustered with G.labyrinthinus with strong support and it is transferred to Grammatus.

Redescription of the monotypic genus Cubacanthozomus (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) and conservation status of its type-species

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4323 (4) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS F. DE ARMAS ◽  
RENÉ BARBA DÍAZ ◽  
AYLÍN ALEGRE BARROSO
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
True Type ◽  
Made In

Some of the taxonomic characters originally argued for the Cuban monotypic genus Cubacanthozomus Teruel, 2007, are unsubstantial. Others were misinterpretations of drawings given in the original description of Schizomus rowlandi Dumitresco, 1973, the only source of taxonomic information on which Teruel (2007) based the new genus. Recently a new collection of this species was made in a small cave about 350 m from one of the caves mentioned in the original description: Cueva de Majana, Baracoa municipality, Guantánamo province. On the basis of new morphological evidence found during examination of two females and a male, both the genus Cubacanthozomus and its type-species are herein redescribed. Cueva de Majana is recognized as the true type locality of C. rowlandi, which male holotype was erroneously listed as being collected in a cave from central Cuba, 600 km away. Additional data are provided on the morphology, natural history and conservation status of C. rowlandi, which is now being proposed as an endangered species. 

scholarly journals A survey of Phrurolithidae spiders from Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province, China

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 947 ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke-Ke Liu ◽  
Hui-Pu Luo ◽  
Yuan-Hao Ying ◽  
Yu-Xin Xiao ◽  
Xiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
First Time ◽  
Unknown Male

Phrurolithidae spiders were collected from Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi Province, China, during the past six years. The new genus Alboculus Liu, gen. nov., with the type species Phrurolithus zhejiangensis Song & Kim, 1991, is described, and its previously unknown male is described for the first time. Furthermore, seven new species of Otacilia are described: O. acutangula Liu, sp. nov. (♂♀), O. bijiashanica Liu, sp. nov. (♂♀), O. longtanica Liu, sp. nov. (♀), O. ovoidea Liu, sp. nov. (♂♀), O. shenshanica Liu, sp. nov. (♂♀), O. subovoidea Liu, sp. nov. (♂♀), and O. xiaoxiica Liu, sp. nov. (♀). All species are illustrated with photographs and their distributions are mapped.

Barsine insolita, a new species from Indochina and India (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4700 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTON V. VOLYNKIN ◽  
KAREL ČERNÝ ◽  
KYUNG-HOAN IM ◽  
YANG-SEOP BAE ◽  
ULZIIJARGAL BAYARSAIKHAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
A New Species

Barsine Walker, 1854 is one of the largest quadrifid Erebidae genera within subtribe Nudariina (Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini). It was established for its type species Barsine defecta Walker, 1854 (by subsequent designation, Kirby (1892)) from Nepal. The genus has in the past been treated as a synonym or subgenus of Miltochrista Hübner, [1819] (Hampson 1900; Strand 1917; Reich 1937; Daniel 1951; 1952; 1955; Inoue 1980; Holloway 1982; Fang 1991; 2000; Černý 1995). In 2001, J.D. Holloway revived Barsine as a distinct genus. The genus is widely distributed in eastern and southeastern Palaearctic and Oriental tropics and more than a hundred of valid species and subspecies were worked on by Fang (2000), Holloway (2001), Kaleka (2003), Černý & Pinratana (2009), Černý (1995, 2016), Bucsek (2012, 2014), Dubatolov et al. (2012), Dubatolov & Bucsek (2013), Wu et al. (2013), Kirti & Singh (2015, 2016), Volynkin & Černý (2016a, 2016b, 2016c, 2017a, 2017b, 2017c, 2017d, 2018a, 2018b; 2019), Bayarsaikhan et al. (2018), Joshi et al. (2018), Spitsyn et al. (2018), Volynkin (2018), Volynkin et al. (2018; 2019a; 2019b; 2019c) and Huang et al. (2018). 

XIII.—The Genera Dictyoconoides Nuttall, Lockhartia nov., and Rotalia Lamarck: Their Type Species, Generic Differences, and Fundamental Distinction from the Dictyoconus Group of Forms

1933 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Fundamental Difference ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Distinction ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
Characteristic Features

AbstractThe author recalls the facts regarding the rediscovery, in recent years, of Carter's genus Conulites ( = Dictyoconoides Nuttall). He shows how, of seven species which have been referred to this genus, three always have numerous intercalary whorls in their spires, and four never have any such whorls. The association of these two groups together within a single genus has, so far as he himself is concerned, been due to the uncertainty hitherto existing regarding the type species cooki, whose spire was stated by Carter sometimes to show an intercalary whorl, but generally to be “single throughout.” Carter's original specimens, which had long been mislaid, have recently been found, however, and they all prove to belong to now familiar types, which invariably contain numerous intercalary whorls in their spires. The author therefore separates the four species which do not possess such whorls into a new genus, Lockhartia.The author next discusses the supposed identity of Dictyoconoides with Rotalia, and shows that the Rotalia must be judged by their type species R. trochidiformis. He shows that this species, among other characteristic features, invariably displays the structures called “astral lobes” by Carpenter and Brady, and is distinguished by the same from both Dictyoconoides and Lockhartia; while it is further distinguished from Dictyoconoides by the absence of intercalary whorls in its spire.The author then compares the development of Rotalid forms, like the above, with that of piano-spiral ones like Nummulites and Assilines; and he finally shows the fundamental difference in structure between all these spirally wound types and those with an “end-on” development, like the Dictyoconus group of forms, with which some of them have been confused in the past.

Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Steinera (Arctomiales, Arctomiaceae) in the subantarctic islands of Crozet and Kerguelen

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 324 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAMIEN ERTZ ◽  
ROAR S. POULSEN ◽  
MARYVONNE CHARRIER ◽  
ULRIK SØCHTING
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subantarctic Islands ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
High Level

The lichenized genus Steinera is revised for the archipelagos of Crozet and of Kerguelen, with a high level of endemism revealed. It is shown to represent a good example of convergent evolution between two different orders. Phylogenetic analyses using nuLSU, RPB1 and mtSSU sequences show that two different species groups can be recognized: Steinera s. str. belongs to the Arctomiaceae (Arctomiales) and is characterized notably by species having pluriseptate ascospores, and a second species group belongs to the Koerberiaceae (Peltigerales) and is characterized notably by simple ascospores sometimes having a plasma-bridge. The genus Henssenia is newly described to accommodate this latter group. The type species of Steinera is shown to have been erroneously treated in the past, with Steinera molybdoplaca being the type of Steinera and “S.” glaucella belonging to the genus Henssenia. A sorediate morph is recorded for S. molybdoplaca and the results confirmed using a 4-gene phylogeny, including nuITS sequences. Some species previously described in the genera Arctomia and Massalongia from the Southern Hemisphere are shown to belong to Steinera s. str. Five new species are described: Steinera isidiata Ertz & R.S. Poulsen, S. membranacea Ertz & R.S. Poulsen, S. lebouvieri Ertz, S. pannarioides Ertz & R.S. Poulsen and Henssenia subglaucella Ertz & R.S. Poulsen along with seven new combinations: Steinera intricata (Øvstedal) Ertz, S. latispora (Øvstedal) Ertz, S. olechiana (Alstrup & Søchting) Ertz & Søchting, S. subantarctica (Øvstedal) Ertz, Henssenia glaucella (Tuck.) Ertz, R.S. Poulsen & Søchting, H. radiata (P. James & Henssen) Ertz and H. werthii (Zahlbr.) Ertz, R.S. Poulsen & Søchting. An epitype is chosen for Henssenia glaucella and a neotype for H. werthii. “Steinera” symptychia has an isolated phylogenetic position in the Koerberiaceae and might represent a distinct, new genus. World-wide identification keys to the species of Henssenia and Steinera are provided.

scholarly journals Evidence for two sympatric sirenian species (Mammalia, Tethytheria) in the early Oligocene of Central Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manja Voss ◽  
Oliver Hampe
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Dental Formula ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Recent Approach ◽  
Postcranial Anatomy

AbstractThe early Oligocene (Rupelian) sirenianHalitherium schinziiKaup, 1838, which represents the type species of the genusHalitheriumKaup, 1838, is revised herein based on a morphological re-evaluation of skeletal material originally assigned to this taxon. This study provides new and comprehensive information on the cranial and postcranial anatomy and allows the distinction of two sympatric species. Following a recent approach on the invalidity and subsequent rejection ofH.schinziiKaup, 1838,Kaupitherium gruellinew genus new species is established on the basis of a nearly complete holotype. The second taxon resemblesK.gruellin. sp. in a number of skeletal features, such as reduced nasals and absence of the canines, but can be clearly distinguished mainly by the post-canine dental formula and the supraoccipital morphology. The diagnostic skullcap of a species formerly synonymized under “H.schinzii” is re-validated as the holotype ofK.bronni(Krauss, 1858). On the basis of paleoecological implications, a hypothesis is established to explain the overlapping stratigraphic and biogeographic occurrences (i.e., sympatry of both taxa). A diagnosis and up-to-date synonymy complement the taxonomical information. The revision of “H.schinzii” provides new data on the past sirenian diversity and forms the basis for a taxonomic and systematic re-evaluation of species originally grouped in the genus “Halitherium.”

scholarly journals New genus and new species of spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) from the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 90-135
Author(s):  
Elorde Jr. S. Crispolon ◽  
Eric Guilbert ◽  
Sheryl A. Yap ◽  
Adeline Soulier-Perkins
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
Three New Species

The following new taxa are described from the Philippines: Mioscarta nubisa Crispolon & Soulier-Perkins sp. nov., M. translucida Crispolon & Yap sp. nov. and Trigonoschema Crispolon & Soulier-Perkins gen. nov. with three new species: T. manoborum Crispolon & Soulier-Perkins sp. nov. (as type species), T. negrosensis Crispolon & Yap sp. nov and T. rubercella Crispolon & Guilbert sp. nov. Trigonoschema pallida (Lallemand, 1927) comb. nov. is transferred from Mioscarta Breddin, 1901. Descriptions of male genitalia are illustrated and keys to species of Philippine Mioscarta and Trigonoschema gen. nov. are provided. Although phylogenetic results confirm the monophyly of all genera and Trigonoschema being a distinct genus from Mioscarta, relationships between genera remain uncertain. A checklist of the genera and species of Cercopidae found in the Philippines is included.

A taxonomic revision of Cheilodactylidae and Latridae (Centrarchiformes: Cirrhitoidei) using morphological and genomic characters

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4585 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
WILLIAM B. LUDT ◽  
CHRISTOPHER P. BURRIDGE ◽  
PROSANTA CHAKRABARTY
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
African Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Taxonomic Confusion ◽  
Systematic Relationships

Systematic relationships within the Cirrhitoidei, a suborder of five closely related families, have been uncertain for over a century. This is particularly true in reference to the families Cheilodactylidae and Latridae, which have been revised numerous times over the past several decades. Species that have been included in these two families are found in temperate regions around the world, which has led to regionally-focused studies that have only exacerbated taxonomic confusion. Here we examine systematic relationships within the Cheilodactylidae and the Latridae using ultraconserved genomic elements with near complete taxonomic sampling, and place our results in the context of the Cirrhitoidei. Our results agree with previous findings suggesting that Cheilodactylidae is restricted to two South African species, with the type species of the family, Cheilodactylus fasciatus Lacépède, forming a clade with C. pixi Smith that together is more closely related to the Chironemidae than to other species historically associated with the genus. We also strongly resolve the relationships of species within the Latridae. As a result of our analyses we revise the taxonomy of Latridae, name a new genus, and re-elevate Chirodactylus and Morwong. 

Wirthiotrema: a new genus for the Thelotrema glaucopallens group (Ascomycota: Ostropales: thelotremoid Graphidaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eimy RIVAS PLATA ◽  
Klaus KALB ◽  
Andreas FRISCH
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Secondary Compound

AbstractThe new genus Wirthiotrema Rivas Plata, Kalb & Frisch. is described for the Thelotrema glaucopallens group, based on molecular and morphological evidence, with W. glaucopallens as the type species. The genus is characterized by myriotremoid thalli and apothecia, in combination with a paraplectenchymatous excipulum, I− ascospores, and stictic acid as a secondary compound. The new combinations W. glaucopallens (Nyl.) Rivas Plata & Kalb comb. nov., W. santessonii (Hale) Rivas Plata & Frisch comb. nov., and W. trypaneoides (Nyl.) Rivas Plata & Lücking comb. nov., are proposed and a key to the three species is presented.

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