Biogeography of the subfamily Bryoideae (Bryaceae, Musci) in north-eastern Queensland

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
JR Spence ◽  
HP Ramsey
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Tropical Areas

The biogeography of Bryum and its relatives in the tropical and subtropical regions of north-eastern Queensland is analysed. The flora is small compared to other tropical areas, with six genera and 30 species. This low diversity results from the lack of high mountains in the study area. The principal floristic affinities are widespread – cosmopolitan (20%), pantropical (20%), and Australian endemic (17%). The strongest floristic affinities are with Indonesia-Malaya and New Guinea among tropical regions. Tropical-subtropical elements make up 50% of the flora, with Paleotropical and Indo-Malesian groups represented as well as the pantropical element. The southern temperate element only makes up 13% of the flora. Speciation from ancestral taxa has occurred primarily in monsoonal subtropical, montane, and adjacent temperate regions rather than in the more humid and less seasonal coastal rainforest refugia. Most endemic species are widespread in Australia. This element has diverse origins, including ancient Gondwanan as well as cosmopolitan and pantropical. The genus Rosulabryum (based on Bryum sect. Rosulata) is very diverse in the study area, and Australia is a major centre of speciation for this genus.

SEX AND MARRIAGE IN BUSAMA, NORTH-EASTERN NEW GUINEA

Oceania ◽  
1947 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ian Hogbin
Keyword(s):  
New Guinea ◽  
North Eastern

scholarly journals Late miocene ostracodes of Serbia: Morphologic and palaeoenvironmental considerations

2006 ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljupko Rundic
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Time Sequence ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Low Diversity

About 11.5 million years ago, a tectonic uplift of the Eastern and Western Carpathians separated the Pannonian Basin from the rest of the Paratethys. This orogenesis event caused an unconformity between the Sarmatian brackish sediments and the Pannonian lake-sea deposits. More than 6 Ma later, in these parts of the Paratethys, changes in the geographic framework, hydrological conditions and brackish - caspibrackish water chemistry led to the disappearance of restricted marine forms of life. A few euryhaline and marginal marine species survived this environmental change. Among the ostracodes, some originally freshwater taxa, such as Candoninae, entered the lake-sea. Many lineages show gradual morphological changes. The older, low diversity ostracode fauna from the Lower Pannonian dispersed to the endemic species and genera during the Upper Pannonian. This interval is assigned as the "bloom time" for many ostracodes, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This time sequence is the last appearances of genera such as Aurila Cytheridea, Propontoniella, etc. and simultaneously, the first appearances for many new genera, such as Zalanyiella, Serbiella, Camptocypria Sinegubiella etc. During the Pontian, migration processes were present. Therefore, it can be supposed that many eastern Paratethyan forms have Pannonian origin.

The Nyárády Erazmus Gyula’s Herbarium in the Debrecen University’s Plant Collection

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Katalin Bartók ◽  
Attila Takács
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Secondary School Teacher ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Plant Collection

Abstract After the publication of the book entitled “Recollection of Gyula E. Nyárády” (2016), the interest of his inheritance increased significantly. His left behind herbarium was estimated to have 55,000 sheets (1988), while till 2016 its number increased up to 85,000. The herbarial investigations are taking place over the Romania’s borders too, such as in the plant collection of the Debrecen University. With this occasion, we have studied the part collections of Rezső Soó (40,000 specimens), the Zoltán Siroki’s (20,000 specimens), together with the kryptogame (3,000 bryophytes) ones. In the Debrecen University plant collection we found 166 plant species collected and determined by E. Gy. Nyárády, among them 154 are superior plant and 12 are moss. In the Soó collection 112 plants arose from E. Gy. Nyárády, 69% of them are from Slovakia, 29% from Romania and 1% from Poland. The Slovakian collections took place in the 1905-1916 period, the most of them (34 species) are from 1910, being collected in Késmárk and Tatra’s region, where E. Gy. Nyárády was secondary school teacher. The Romanian collections took place in the 1905-1942 period, the 33 species mainly arise from the high mountains (especially Rodna Mountains), as well as from the Transylvanian Plain. We have found three endemic species among them: Festuca carpathica Dietr., Koeleria transsilvanica Schur (syn. Koeleria macracantha ssp. transsilvanica (Schur) A. Nyár., and Thymus pulcherrimus Schur. In the Siroki collection there are 42 plant sheets, originated from Slovakia, from 1908-1913 period. The four Romanian plants came from the Rodna Mountains. The Kryptogam Herbarium contains 12 Romanian moss species, collected between 1925 and 1929, most of them being from Székelyudvarhely (Odorheiu Secuiesc). The genus Carex occurs most frequently in the Nyárády-collection, due to his increased interest to sedges, forming 39% of the studied species. In accordance with the labels, in his collecting trips he was occasionally accompanied by Béla Husz (1911, Szepes) and Ádám Boros (1929, Korond).

Studies in Canarium urceus (Linnaeus, 1758) Part 3: new species from the western Pacific (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae: Strombidae)

The Festivus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-358
Author(s):  
Aart Dekkers ◽  
Stephen Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Eastern Indonesia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Western Pacific

This study introduces four new species within the Canarium urceus complex. Canarium daveyi nov. sp. and the sympatric C. geelvinkbaaiensis nov. sp. from the region surrounding Geelvink Bay in north-eastern Indonesia, C. youngorum nov. sp. from the island of north-eastern Papua New Guinea, and finally Canarium manintveldi nov. sp from the southern South Pacific centred on Fiji and Vanuatu. These new species differ from, and are described based on, the morphology and geographical distribution from known species belonging to the C. urceus complex. This study comprises part three in a series examining the broader C. urceus complex.

scholarly journals Microhabitats Affect Population Size and Plant Vigor of Three Critically Endangered Endemic Plants in Southern Sinai Mountains, Egypt

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal M. Fakhry ◽  
Ali El-Keblawy ◽  
Hatem A. Shabana ◽  
Ibrahim El Gamal ◽  
Amir Shalouf
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Steep Slopes

Endemic species on mountains often have narrow altitudinal ranges and are more threatened at the higher altitudes, especially with climate changes. However, plants could use special microhabitats at the mountain tops as proper places for surviving the climate change (i.e., refugia). We assessed population attributes of three critically endangered endemic species (Primula boveana Decne ex Duby, Rosa arabica Crep., and Silene leucophylla Boiss.) in two growing seasons (2006/2007 and 2013/2014), differing in the received rainfalls in microhabitats at the high mountains of southern Sinai. Both P. boveana and S. leucophylla had very small population size, but significantly increased in the 2013/2014 growing season which received above average rainfalls. The population of R. arabica is the smallest (around 40 individuals) and did not increase, even after the increase in rainfalls. Whereas P. boveana is present in fewer sites and grew in small number of specific microhabitats, both S. leucophylla and R. arabica were recorded in most studied sites and habitat types. Unlike R. arabica, both P. boveana and S. leucophylla were recorded in caves and steep slopes and on the top of the mountains. This indicates that these sheltered mist microhabitats are the best for future conservation of these species after climate change.

scholarly journals Integration of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 for Classification and LULC Mapping in the Urban Area of Belém, Eastern Brazilian Amazon

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Tavares ◽  
Norma Beltrão ◽  
Ulisses Guimarães ◽  
Ana Teodoro
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Cloud Coverage ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Vegetation Indexes ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Sentinel 2

In tropical regions, such as in the Amazon, the use of optical sensors is limited by high cloud coverage throughout the year. As an alternative, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) products could be used, alone or in combination with optical images, to monitor tropical areas. In this sense, we aimed to select the best Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) classification approach for tropical regions using Sentinel family products. We choose the city of Belém, Brazil, as the study area. Images of close dates from Sentinel-1 (S-1) and Sentinel-2 (S-2) were selected, preprocessed, segmented, and integrated to develop a machine learning LULC classification through a Random Forest (RF) classifier. We also combined textural image analysis (S-1) and vegetation indexes (S-2). A total of six LULC classifications were made. Results showed that the best overall accuracy (OA) was found for the integration of S-1 and S-2 (91.07%) data, followed by S-2 only (89.53%), and S-2 with radiometric indexes (89.45%). The worse result was for S-1 data only (56.01). For our analysis the integration of optical products in the stacking increased de OA in all classifications. However, we suggest the development of more investigations with S-1 products due to its importance for tropical regions.

scholarly journals Contribution to the Orophilous Cushion-Like Vegetation of Central-Southern and Insular Greece

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1678
Author(s):  
Carmelo Maria Musarella ◽  
Salvatore Brullo ◽  
Gianpietro Giusso del Galdo
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
New Class ◽  
The North ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Phytosociological Relevés

The results of a phytosociological investigation regarding the orophilous cushion-like vegetation occurring in the top of the high mountains of central-southern Greece and in some Ionian (Lefkas, Cephalonia) and Aegean Islands (Euboea, Samos, Lesvos, Chios and Thassos) are provided. Based on 680 phytosociological relevès (460 unpublished and 220 from literature), a new syntaxonomical arrangement is proposed with the description of a new class, including two new orders, eight new alliances, and several associations (many of them new). Compared to the previous hierarchical framework usually followed in the literature, this study provides a more realistic and clear phytosociological characterization of this peculiar and archaic vegetation type, which is exclusive to the high mountains of the north-eastern Mediterranean. The new arrangement is mainly based on the phytogeographical role of the orophytes featuring this very specialized vegetation, which is essentially represented by endemics or rare species belonging to the ancient Mediterranean Tertiary flora. In addition, taxonomic research on the orophilous flora occurring in these plant communities allowed to identify six species new to science (i.e., Astragalus corinthiacus, Allium cremnophilum, A. cylleneum, A. orosamium, A. karvounis, and A. lefkadensis) and a new subspecies (i.e., Allium hirtovaginatum subsp. samium), and two new combinations (i.e., Astragalus rumelicus subsp. euboicus and subsp. taygeticus) are proposed.

Two Tonal Languages of New Guinea

1949 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Capell
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Semantic Value

WHILST the tonal languages spoken in West Africa have latterly received W a good deal of attention, it has not been generally realized that such languages are found also in parts of New Guinea. In New Guinea there are in fact two types of tonal languages. In one, the tones may be described as ” ornamental”, i.e. though they exist they do not seem to have semantic value, but rather to be connected with a certain type of sentence rhythm; in the other the tone systems are more definitely akin to those of Western Africa, and in such languages tones do possess semantic value. It is interesting that one at least of the latter group of languages tends also to be monosyllabic. It is hoped to provide a study of the former class of languages—at least one representative of which is also found in Northern Australia—at a later date. The present paper is occupied with the languages in which tones do have semantic value.These languages, so far as has been observed yet, are two in number, and they are spoken along the shores of Huon Gulf, in north-eastern New Guinea. The map on p. 186 will show their locations. Both belong to the group of languages known as Melanesian, and this makes the occurrence of tones even less expected. A considerable number of other languages are spoken round about this area, and though some of these also are Melanesian, they do not seem to have developed tones. Moreover, it would seem that the use of tones in these two languages antedates the coming of the Melanesian languages, for reasons that will be given towards the end of this paper.

Flora and vegetation of Sinai

1986 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinoam Danin
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Steppe Vegetation ◽  
Sparse Vegetation ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

SynopsisMost of Sinai belongs to the Saharo-Arabian phytogeographical region. It is covered with a sparse vegetation of semishrubs, restricted to wadis or growing on slopes of rocky hills and in sand fields. The high mountains of southern Sinai support a mainly Irano-Turanian steppe vegetation. Smooth-faced rock outcrops supply sufficient run-off water to permit the survival of trees, shrubs, many relict species, and most of the endemics of Sinai. There are 28 endemic species in Sinai, of which 25 occur in the mountainous districts of Sinai. The foothills of eastern Sinai and the coastal area of the Gulf of Elat have a savanna-like vegetation and support thermophilous Sudanian trees and shrubs in wadis and rock crevices.

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