Effect of the method of dispersion on the yield of clay and fine clay

Soil Research ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Chittleborough
Keyword(s):  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Fine Clay ◽  
Taxonomic Criterion ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Dispersing Medium

Because the relative proportion of fine (< 0.2 �m) and coarse clay (2-0.2 �m) is considered an important pedogenetic and taxonomic criterion, the effect on yield of these fractions by different methods of dispersion was investigated for a sandy loam and a clay from the Urrbrae loam. Both soils showed a continued increase in fine clay with time of shaking even after 14 h. This may be a subplasticity effect or due to attrition of coarse clay. Electron micrographs showed that incrustations on coarse clay particles may be a source of fine clay. The amount of total clay from the sandy loam soil continued to rise after 14 h of shaking, but yield from the clay soil was constant after 100 s. Of the chemical treatments only sodium hydroxide had a significant effect. This treatment lead to a marked decrease in the proportion of fine clay. The amount of total and fine clay was unaffected by the 1iquid:solid ratio in the dispersing medium.

The effects on winter wheat of ammonium sulphate, with and without a nitrification inhibitor, and of calcium nitrate

1968 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. R. Gasser ◽  
F. G. Hamlyn
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Light Soil ◽  
Heavy Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Effect On Yield

SUMMARYWinter wheat grown on a sandy-loam and on a clay-loam soil was given ammonium sulphate alone or treated with the nitrification inhibitor, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)- pyridine, drilled with seed, in autumn. In spring, dressings of treated or untreated ammonium sulphate or of calcium nitrate, were broadcast. 75 or 150 lb N/acre were given on the sandy loam and 50 or 100 lb on the clay loam. Plants were sampled during growth and grain yield was measured.Without fertilizer-N, the wheat yielded 17 cwt/acre on the sandy-loam and 46 cwt on the clay, and with the double dressings given in spring yields were 52 and 56 cwt/ acre. On the light soil, treated ammonium sulphate given in autumn increased yield by 3–5 cwt/acre with the single dressing and by 5–4 cwt/acre with the double one.On the heavy soil the inhibitor had no effect on yield. Dressings of 50 lb N/acre in autumn or spring increased yields equally, but with 100 lb N/acre the spring dressing increased yield slightly more than autumn dressings. Calcium nitrate at 75 lb N/acre was significantly better than ammonium sulphate on the light soil.The inhibitor did not affect the speed with which N was taken up, or the total uptake, from fertilizer given in spring.

Soil-particle selection by the mound-building termite Macrotermes bellicosus on a sandy loam soil catena in a Nigerian tropical savanna

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu S. Abe ◽  
Sadahiro Yamamoto ◽  
Toshiyuki Wakatsuki
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Particle ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Particle Selection ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Mound Construction ◽  
Soil Catena ◽  
Macrotermes Bellicosus ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
The Tropics

Many species of termite (Isoptera) build their nests inside mounds because a mound has direct and positive feedback effects on the termite colonies through the maintenance of humidity and protection of the population from enemies, e.g. ants (Jouquet et al. 2006, Korb 2003, Noirot & Darlington 2000). Soil manipulation by termites (Isoptera) for mound construction is of particular interest for many researchers in terms of pedogenesis of the tropics (Lavelle et al. 1992, Lobry de Bruyn & Conacher 1990). The termites select soil particles according to ecological requirements such as water availability (Jouquet et al. 2002, 2007) and improve soil structural stability by means of application of clay particles and saliva/excreta (Fall et al. 2001, Jouquet et al. 2004). The nest-building activity of the termites inevitably causes regional translocation of soils (Bagine 1984, Holt & Lepage 2000) and distinctive patches in local ecosystems, which contributes to ecological diversity (Lavelle et al. 1992). This is the reason why termites are regarded as an ecological engineer (Jouquet et al. 2006). Soil-particle selection by the termites, however, has not been fully explored in relation to diverse ecologies and landscapes in Africa.

Dissipation and Leaching of Pyroxasulfone andS-Metolachlor

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Westra ◽  
Dale L. Shaner ◽  
Philip H. Westra ◽  
Phillip L. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Northern Colorado ◽  
Fine Clay ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Dry Soil

Pyroxasulfone dissipation and mobility in the soil was evaluated and compared toS-metolachlor in 2009 and 2010 at two field sites in northern Colorado, on a Nunn fine clay loam, and Olney fine sandy loam soil. Pyroxasulfone dissipation half-life (DT50) values varied from 47 to 134 d, and those ofS-metolachlor ranged from 39 to 63 d. Between years, herbicide DT50values were similar under the Nunn fine clay loam soil. Under the Olney fine sandy loam soil, dissipation in 2009 was minimal under dry soil conditions. In 2010, under the Olney fine sandy loam soil,S-metolachlor and pyroxasulfone had half-lives of 39 and 47 d, respectively, but dissipation rates appeared to be influenced by movement of herbicides below 30 cm. Herbicide mobility was dependent on site-year conditions, in all site-years pyroxasulfone moved further downward in the soil profile compared toS-metolachlor.

scholarly journals CALCIUM FERTILIZATION INFLUENCE ON POTATO YIELD, TUBER MINERAL CONCENTRATION, AND QUALITY

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 614e-614
Author(s):  
George H. Clough
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Fry Color ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Calcium Fertilization ◽  
Effect On Yield

In a 3-year study on a fine sandy loam soil, potato (Solanum tuberosum) cvs. `Atlantic' (1989), `Frontier' (1990, 1991) and `Russet Burbank' (1989-1991) response to rate and time of Ca fertilization was evaluated. Calcium was applied preplant at 0, 90, 180, and 270 kg·ha-1 as CaSO4 and side-dress at lay-by at 0, 67 and 134 kg·ha-1 as Ca(NO3)2, with treatments combined in a complete factorial. Preplant Ca fertilization increased soil Ca each year. Calcium fertilization had little effect on yield or grade distribution. Tuber P, K and S concentrations increased with increasing preplant and sidedress fertilization rates in 1989. Concentrations of S and Ca in Russet Burbank and Frontier increased linearly with preplant CaSO4 application rate in 1990 and 1991. Little or no internal brown spot (IBS) occurred in Atlantic or Russet Burbank, but in Frontier IBS was reduced both years by pre-plant and/or side-dress Ca application. The incidence of IBS did not change after storage for 4 months for any cultivar. In 1990, Russet Burbank fry color improved as pre-plant Ca fertilization rate increased.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Potassium Application Scheduling for Drip-irrigated Tomatoes

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 759C-759
Author(s):  
S.J. Locascio ◽  
F.M. Rhoades ◽  
S.M. Olson ◽  
G.J. Hochmuth ◽  
E.A. Hanlon
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Potassium Application ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Effect On Yield

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was grown with drip irrigation on a fine sand and on a fine sandy loam to evaluate the effect of N and K time of application on yield. On the sandy soil, 196–112 kg of N–K/ha was applied with 0%, 40%, or 100% preplant with 100% or 60% applied in six or 12 equal or in 12-week variable applications. Marketable fruit yields were lowest with 100% preplant, intermediate with 100% drip-applied, and highest with 40% preplant with 60% drip-applied. With 100% drip-applied, yields were highest with 12 even than with six even weekly applications or with 12 variable N and K applications. With the 40% preplant, timing of application had little effect on yield. On the sandy loam soil in 1993, where only N was applied (196 kg·ha–1), yields were highest with 100% preplant, intermediate with 40% preplant and 60% drip-applied, and lowest with all N drip-applied. In 1994, when excessive rains occurred, yields were similar with all preplant and with split-N applications.

scholarly journals Nitrogen, Magnesium, and Boron Applications Affect Cauliflower Yield, Curd Mass, and Hollow Stem Disorder

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Batal ◽  
D.M. Granberry ◽  
B.G. Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
N Rates

The effects of three rates of N, Mg, and B on cauliflower (Brassica oleracea, Botrytis group) yield, average curd mass, and hollow stem disorder were evaluated on sandy and clay loam soils. Cultivars White Empress and Stovepipe were tested on the sandy loam soil and `White Empress' was tested on the clay loam soil. Maximum mean curd mass and maximum yields were obtained with the highest N rates (269 and 381 kg·ha-1) applied to sandy loam and clay loam soils, respectively. Yield response to increased N rates varied with cultivar. Increasing Mg from 22.5 to 90 kg·ha-1 did not affect yield or curd mass on clay loam soil, but increased yield and mean curd mass on sandy loam soil. The Mg effect on curd mass was influenced by N and B rates. On both soil types, the higher Mg and B rates reduced the incidence of hollow stem, but the Mg effect was influenced by N applications. On clay loam soil, increasing B from 2.2 to 8.8 kg·ha-1 reduced hollow stem but had no effect on yield or curd mass. On sandy loam soil, B at 4.4 kg·ha-1 maximized yield and curd mass, but the hollow stem disorder continued to decrease as B rates were increased from 2.2 to 8.8 kg·ha-1.

Emissions of nitrous oxide and nitric oxide associated with the decomposition of arable crop residues on a sandy loam soil in Eastern England

Agronomie ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Harrison ◽  
Sharon Ellis ◽  
Roy Cross ◽  
James Harrison Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Arable Crop ◽  
Loam Soil

Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Pumpkin's (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leave Content of N, P, and K

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Ammar Hameed Madi ◽  
Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacterial bio-fertilization A. chroococcum and P. putide and four levels of compost (0, 1, 2, 3) tons.h-1 on the leaves content of N.P.K elements. The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Qadisiyah during fall season 2018-2019. It designed in accordance with the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates in sandy loam soil. The means of treatments were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) at (5)% probability level. The results present that the treatments of A. chroococcum, P. putide and compost at (3) tons.kg-1 significantly increases the leaves content of K.P.K compared to all other treatments in the flowering stage (4.970, 0.5000, and 4.930) mg.kg-1, respectively. This treatment was followed by the effect of the treatment of A. chroococcum and compost at (3) tons.kg-1, which increases the values of all traits except the leaf content of (P). Bio-fertilizer with P. putide + A. chroococcum significantly increases the leaves' content of P.

INFLUENCE OF UNCONVENTIONAL FERTILIZERS ON MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SODDY-PODZOLY SANDY SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Leonova ◽  
◽  
T.A. Spasskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
Loam Soil

The change in the microbiological activity of sod-podzolic sandy loam soil when using coffee waste and sewage sludge as a fertilizer for oats in comparison with traditional fertilizers is considered. During the study, it was determined that the predominant groups were bacteria and actinomycetes. Bacilli and fungi are few in number. The introduction of sewage sludge and coffee waste into the sod-podzolic sandy loam soil at a dose of 10 t / ha increases the activity of the microflora of the sod-podzolic sandy loam soil, which increases the effective and potential fertility.

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