Concrete Grinding Residue: Management Practices and Reuse for Soil Stabilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (11) ◽  
pp. 748-763
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Bora Cetin ◽  
Halil Ceylan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
State Regulations

Concrete grinding residue (CGR) is a slurry byproduct produced from diamond grinding operations used to smooth concrete pavement surface. As a waste material, CGR consists of cooling water for blades and concrete fines from the removed concrete layer. Since the composition of CGR reflects high pH, it can be a critical environmental issue and should be managed properly to reduce its impact to the ecological system. To understand the current management practices of CGR throughout the U.S.A., a comprehensive review of state regulations and a survey of departments of transportation and contractors were conducted in this study, with results showing that in many states detailed guidance for disposal of CGR to reduce risks was lacking. In addition, this study investigated the potential use of CGR for roadbed soil stabilization. To evaluate the performance of CGR for soil stabilization purpose, this study mixed 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of CGR by weight with two types of soils classified as A-4 and A-6 according to AASHTO. Unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, and cation-exchange capacity tests were conducted on specimens. Results of the strength tests showed that the soils treated with 20% of CGR had the highest strength. Other laboratory tests revealed that CGR treatment could reduce the maximum dry unit weight (γdmax) and plasticity and increase the pH, alkalinity, electrical conductivity and cation-exchange capacity of soils.

Acidification of soils on a transect from plains to slopes, south western New-South-Wales

Soil Research ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Chartres ◽  
RW Cumming ◽  
JA Beattie ◽  
GM Bowman ◽  
JT Wood
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New South ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
The West ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Red Earth

Samples were collected from unimproved road reserves and adjacent paddocks on a 90 km transect crossing red-brown earth soils in the west and red earth soils in the east. Measurements of pH in water and CaCl2 indicated that the red earths have been acidified by approximately 0.5 pH units over the last 30-40 years. Small increases in CaCl2-extractable A1 were also recorded for the acidified red earths. The red-brown earths do not appear to have been markedly affected by soil acidification to date. Clay mineralogical data and measurements of cation exchange capacity of the <2 �m fraction indicate that red-brown earths are better buffered against acidification than red earths. However, small differences in management practices and rainfall along the transect may also be partially responsible for differences in acidification between soil types.

Co-composting of distillery and winery wastes with sewage sludge

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Bustamante ◽  
C. Paredes ◽  
R. Moral ◽  
J. Moreno-Caselles ◽  
M.D. Pérez-Murcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Total Organic C

The winery and distillery wastes (grape stalk and marc (GS and GM, respectively), wine lees (WL) and exhausted grape marc (EGM)) are produced in great amounts in the Mediterranean countries, where their treatment and disposal are becoming an important environmental problem, mainly due to their seasonal character and some characteristics that make their management difficult and which are not optimised yet. Composting is a treatment widely used for organic wastes, which could be a feasible option to treat and recycle the winery and distillery wastes. In this experiment, two different piles (pile 1 and 2) were prepared with mixtures of GS, GM, EG and sewage sludge (SS) and composted in a pilot plant by the Rutgers static pile composting system. Initially, GS, GM and EGM were mixed, the pile 1 being watered with fresh collected vinasse (V). After 17 days, SS was added to both piles as a nitrogen and microorganisms source. During composting, the evolution of temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total organic C, total N, humic acid-like C and fulvic acid-like C contents, C/N ratio, cation exchange capacity and germination index of the mixtures were studied. The addition of V in pile 1 produced higher values of temperature, a greater degradation of the total organic C, higher electrical conductivity values and similar pH values and total N contents than in pile 2. The addition of this effluent also increased the cation exchange capacity and produced a longer persistence of phytotoxicity. However, both piles showed a stabilised organic matter and a reduction of the phytotoxicity at the end of the composting process.

scholarly journals Irreversible sorption of carbofuran by moderately acidic soil amended with biochar

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 5224-5228
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Water Holding

An ecofriendly technique to on farm burning of biomass by making biochar from agricultural waste was provided. Characteristic studies of biomass and biochar such as SEM, Ultimate and proximate analysis, pH, Cation exchange capacity, Water holding capacity, Electrical conductivity, Soil organic matter and Dry matter production were examined. Adsorption and desorption of carbofuran in soil were studied in batch experiment mode. From the experimental studies, it was observed that pH, Cation exchange capacity, Water holding capacity, Electrical Conductivity, Soil organic content and dry matter production increases with biochar addition. Adsorption Studies show that carbofuran adsorbed with control is 0.45 mg/g whereas with 3%BC it was 6.375 mg/g and desorption studies show that with 3% biochar carbofuran desorption is less. Hence Capsicum Annuam Biochar could be one of the promising option for improving the soil health as well as for adsorbing the pesticides.

scholarly journals Soil Quality of a Rice Organic Farm in Langkong, M'lang, Cotabato

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-53
Author(s):  
Kathleen Cedeño
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

Soil quality is crucial to global food production security. However, research data on soil quality, which is vital to enhancing soil fertility and crop yield, is limited particularly on the soil in the rice fields located in Langkong, Mlang, Cotabato. This study aims to assess the soil quality of one of the organic rice farms in said area. Soil samples were collected in thirty-one (31) paddies for two sampling periods: thirty (30) days after harvest and thirty (30) days after rice transplanting. Eight (8) soil indicators representing soil physicochemical characteristics were measured from 0-15 cm depth; the indicators were soil texture, water holding capacity, pH, exchangeable phosphorus, extractable potassium, total organic matter, electrical conductivity, and cation exchange capacity. Results reveal that soils in the studied area are characterized by clay loam with moderate water-holding capacity of about 62.57% and 60.57% for both sampling periods, respectively. The soil is strongly acidic (5.3 and 5.5) and has a low amount of organic matter (2.16% and 1.57%) and exchangeable P (8.55 ppm and 2.48 ppm), although it has marginal extractable K (80.77 ppm and 91.10 ppm). Also, the soils are non-saline and have low cation exchange capacity. The findings signify that the soils have insufficient fertility to sustain the optimal growth of the rice plants which can potentially reduce the yield of rice production. Thus, amendment of the soil quality and enhancement of soil management practices should be taken into consideration to further improve soil fertility to ensure productivity and profitability of farmers.

Mapping cation exchange capacity using a quasi-3d joint-inversion of EM38 and EM31 data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxue Zhao ◽  
John Triantafilis
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Joint Inversion ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Damping Factor ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Good Concordance ◽  
Value Add ◽  
Leave One Out

&lt;p&gt;The cation exchange capacity (CEC, cmol(+)/kg) is a measure of soil&amp;#8217;s capacity to retain exchangeable cations. However, it is expensive to collect CEC across a heterogenous field and at different depths. To value-add to limited data, proximal sensed electromagnetic (EM) data has been coupled to CEC through linear regression (LR) models, because they measure apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt;, mS/m). However, these LRs have been depth-specific. This approach was compared with one universal LR between estimates of true electrical conductivity (s, mS/m) and CEC from various depths, including topsoil (0-0.3 m), subsurface (0.3-0.6 m), shallow subsoil (0.6-0.9 m) and deeper subsoil (0.9-2.1 m). We estimated s from inversion of EM38 and EM31 EC&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; either alone or in combination (joint-inversion), in horizontal (EC&lt;sub&gt;ah&lt;/sub&gt;) and vertical (EC&lt;sub&gt;av&lt;/sub&gt;) modes, using a quasi-3d (q3-d) inversion software (EM4Soil) and various parameters, including EM38 at two different heights (i.e. 0.2 or 0.4 m). In terms of performance, the LR correlation (R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &gt; 0.60) was largest between deeper subsoil CEC and EM38 EC&lt;sub&gt;ah&lt;/sub&gt; at 0.2 m. However, the LR was unsatisfactory for CEC calibration in the topsoil (0.31), subsurface (0.37) and shallow subsoil (0.52). In comparison, a universal LR between CEC and &amp;#963; was well correlated (0.72), when both EM38 (0.2 m) and EM31 EC&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; in both modes, were inverted using a forward model (CF), inversion algorithm (S2) and small damping factor (&amp;#955; = 0.03). The calibrations tested using a leave-one-out cross validation, showed CEC prediction was precise (RMSE, 2.35 cmol(+)/kg), unbiased (ME, -0.002 cmol(+)/kg) with good concordance (Lin&amp;#8217;s, 0.83). To improve areal prediction, closer spaced transects need to be collected, while improved vertical resolution of CEC prediction we recommend DUALEM-421 EC&lt;sub&gt;a&lt;/sub&gt; data be acquired.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

Complex conductivity tensor of anisotropic hydrocarbon-bearing shales and mudrocks

Geophysics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. D403-D418 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Revil ◽  
W. F. Woodruff ◽  
C. Torres-Verdín ◽  
M. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrical Anisotropy ◽  
Dielectric Tensor ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Complex Electrical Conductivity

A model was recently introduced to describe the complex electrical conductivity and high-frequency dielectric constant of isotropic clayey porous materials. We generalized that approach to the case of anisotropic and tight hydrocarbon-bearing shales and mudrocks by introducing tensorial versions of formation factor and tortuosity. In-phase and quadrature conductivity tensors have common eigenvectors, but the eigenvectors of the dielectric tensor may be different due to influence of the solid phase at high frequencies. In-phase and quadrature contributions to complex electrical conductivity depend on saturation, salinity, porosity, temperature, and cation exchange capacity (alternatively, specific surface area) of the porous material. Kerogen is likely to have a negligible contribution to the cation exchange capacity of the material because all exchangeable sites in the functional groups of organic matter may have been polymerized during diagenesis. An anisotropic experiment is performed to validate some of the properties described by the proposed model, especially to verify that the electrical anisotropy factor is the same for in-phase and quadrature conductivities. We used two samples from the Bakken formation. Experimental data confirm the validity of the model. Also, the range of values for cation exchange capacity determined when implementing the new model with experimental data agree with the known range of cation exchange capacity for the Bakken shale. Measurements indicate that the bulk-space tortuosity in the direction normal to bedding plane can be higher than 100.

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