Foraging ecology and organisation of a desert bat fauna

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. McKenzie ◽  
A. N. Start ◽  
R. D. Bullen
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Sandy Desert ◽  
Stability And Control ◽  
Family Level ◽  
And Control

Airframe design parameters related to flight performance, stability and control had tight, functionally appropriate relationships with the foraging niches and echolocation parameters of nine species comprising the bat fauna of the Little Sandy Desert, Australia. The airframe parameters segregated into two near-independent groups, one related to microhabitat use, the other to foraging strategy. The structure of the desert's bat fauna is displayed in these terms, and its organisation is compared with the faunas of surrounding regions. A diversity–productivity model of faunal structure is revealed, with an organisation that conforms with the 'specialisation' hypothesis. Clear family-level relationships between phylogeny and foraging ecology imply that ecological specialisations occurred early in the evolution of bats.

Bat airframe design: flight performance, stability and control in relation to foraging ecology

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bullen ◽  
N. L. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Stability And Control ◽  
And Control

We tested the airframes of a community of microbats in terms of flight performance, stability and control, and present the first systematic classification of bat flight manoeuvres. The tail, ears and main-wing all contributed to these airframe functions. In combination, six airframe ratios (aspect ratio, wing loading, tail area ratio, ear area ratio, tail length ratio and ear length ratio) provided robust predictions of species’ foraging microhabitats and foraging strategies (including agility and speed).

scholarly journals Modeling and Control of a Dragonfly-Like Robot

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micael S. Couceiro ◽  
N. M. Fonseca Ferreira ◽  
J. A. Tenreiro Machado
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Kinematics And Dynamics ◽  
Flight Performance ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Wing Motion ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
And Control

Dragonflies demonstrate unique and superior flight performances than most of the other insect species and birds. They are equipped with two pairs of independently controlled wings granting an unmatchable flying performance and robustness. In this paper, the dynamics of a dragonfly-inspired robot is studied. The system performance is analyzed in terms of time response and robustness. The development of computational simulation based on the dynamics of the robotic dragonfly allows the test of different control algorithms. We study different movements, the dynamics, and the level of dexterity in wing motion of the dragonfly. The results are positive for the construction of flying platforms that effectively mimic the kinematics and dynamics of dragonflies and potentially exhibit superior flight performance than existing flying platforms.

What can echolocation recordings reveal about the foraging ecology of Saccolaimus saccolaimus (Emballonuridae) in north-western Australia?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
N. L. McKenzie ◽  
R. D. Bullen
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Foraging Niche ◽  
Pulse Peak ◽  
North Western

Echolocation sequences reveal aspects of the foraging ecology of Saccolaimus saccolaimus (Emballonuridae). In combination, pulse peak-frequency and fineness-of-tuning values derived from free-flying search-mode echolocation sequences emitted by S. saccolaimus in north-western Australia imply that it generally forages in uncluttered airspaces using an air superiority foraging strategy. Wing-beat frequency values, derived from pulse repetition rates in these sequences, reveal that it has a maximum aerobic level-flight speed of 8.1 m s–1 (used for foraging). These predictions are consistent with deductions based on airframe design parameters taken from museum specimens, and with available field observations. The echolocation recordings provided a quick, passive, cost-effective characterisation of foraging niche, useful for conservation planning.

Ballistic Research Rockets With Particular Reference to Black Knight

1961 ◽  
Vol 65 (603) ◽  
pp. 171-189
Author(s):  
D.J. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Ballistic Missile ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Position ◽  
Queen Mary College ◽  
Stability And Control ◽  
Aeronautical Engineering ◽  
And Control

The 1172nd Main Lecture to be given before the Society and the 41st to be held at a Branch centre “Ballistic Research Rockets with Particular Reference to Black Knight” was given under the auspices of the Luton Branch on 1st December 1960. Mr. F. H. Pollicutt, F.R.Ae.S., Chairman of the Luton Branch opened the meeting by welcoming the President, Dr. E. S. Moult, C.B.E., B.Sc., F.R.Ae.S., M.I.Mech.E., the other members of the Council of the Main Society who were present, and representatives from the Bristol, Birmingham and Wolverhampton, Coventry, Christchurch, Derby, Hatfield, Halton, Henlow, Preston and Weybridge Branches. He then asked Dr. Moult to preside over the rest of the proceedings.Dr. Moult expressed his pleasure at being present on this occasion–the second time a Main Society Lecture had been presented at the Luton Branch–and then introduced the Lecturer, Mr. D. J. Lyons. Mr. Lyons took his degree in Aeronautical Engineering at Queen Mary College and subsequently joined the Wind Tunnel staff at Farnborough. During the war he became a flying instructor in the R.A.F. and later rejoined the Aerodynamics Flight Section at. the R.A.E. For the next ten years Mr. Lyons was engaged in Flight Research on stability and control. In 1951 he was appointed Superintendent of the Experimental Projects Division in the Guided Weapons Department and in 1955 was promoted to his present position as Senior Superintendent of the Ballistic Missile Group of the Guided Weapons Department. He had been responsible from the Ministry aspect for the research and development connected with the Black Knight and Blue Streak Missile systems.

Design and Fabrication of a Dual Rotor-Embedded Wing Vertical Take-Off and Landing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Seng Man Wong ◽  
Hann Woei Ho ◽  
Mohd Zulkifly Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Stability And Control ◽  
Flying Qualities ◽  
Vtol Uav ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
And Control ◽  
Drag Ratio

The interest in building hybrid Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is increasing intensively due to its capability to perform Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL), in addition to forward flight. With this capability, the hybrid UAVs are highly on demand in various industries. In this paper, a fixed-wing VTOL UAV with a novel configuration of a dual rotor-embedded wing was designed and developed. The methodology used in the design process adopted the traditional sizing and aerodynamic estimation method with advanced computational simulations and estimation approaches. The design was determined based on a thorough analysis of weight contribution, aerodynamics, propulsion, and stability and control. The results show that the UAV’s preliminary design has successfully reached a total weight of 1.318 kg, achieved a high lift-to-drag ratio of approximately 4, and ensured stable flights with Level 1 flying qualities. A fixed-wing VTOL prototype was developed and fabricated based on the final design parameters using a low-cost hand lay-up process.

Prothrombin Time Standardization: Report of the Expert Panel on Oral Anticoagulant Control

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1073-1114 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rabbit Brain ◽  
Calibration Constant ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Point Of Intersection ◽  
And Control ◽  
Standardization Report

SummaryIn collaborative experiments in 199 laboratories, nine commercial thromboplastins, four thromboplastins held by the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBS & C), London and the British Comparative Thromboplastin were tested on fresh normal and coumarin plasmas, and on three series of freeze-dried plasmas. One of these was made from coumarin plasmas and the other two were prepared from normal plasmas; in each series, one plasma was normal and the other two represented different degrees of coumarin defect.Each thromboplastin was calibrated against NIBS&C rabbit brain 70/178, from the slope of the line joining the origin to the point of intersection of the mean ratios of coumarin/normal prothrombin times when the ratios obtained with the two thromboplastins on the same fresh plasmas were plotted against each other. From previous evidence, the slopes were calculated which would have been obtained against the NIBS&C “research standard” thromboplastin 67/40, and termed the “calibration constant” of each thromboplastin. Values obtained from the freeze-dried coumarin plasmas gave generally similar results to those from fresh plasmas for all thromboplastins, whereas values from the artificial plasmas agreed with those from fresh plasmas only when similar thromboplastins were being compared.Taking into account the slopes of the calibration lines and the variation between laboratories, precision in obtaining a patient’s prothrombin time was similar for all thromboplastins.

Dry chip feedrate control using online chip moisture

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 295-305
Author(s):  
Wesley Gilbert ◽  
Ivan Trush ◽  
Bruce Allison ◽  
Randy Reimer ◽  
Howard Mason
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Process Variability ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Feedback Control Strategy ◽  
And Control

Normal practice in continuous digester operation is to set the production rate through the chip meter speed. This speed is seldom, if ever, adjusted except to change production, and most of the other digester inputs are ratioed to it. The inherent assumption is that constant chip meter speed equates to constant dry mass flow of chips. This is seldom, if ever, true. As a result, the actual production rate, effective alkali (EA)-to-wood and liquor-to-wood ratios may vary substantially from assumed values. This increases process variability and decreases profits. In this report, a new continuous digester production rate control strategy is developed that addresses this shortcoming. A new noncontacting near infrared–based chip moisture sensor is combined with the existing weightometer signal to estimate the actual dry chip mass feedrate entering the digester. The estimated feedrate is then used to implement a novel feedback control strategy that adjusts the chip meter speed to maintain the dry chip feedrate at the target value. The report details the results of applying the new measurements and control strategy to a dual vessel continuous digester.

From Container to Claustrum: Projective Identification in Couples

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Projective Identification ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
As If

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.

Nonlinear analysis of stability and control for an F-16 configuration

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongjun Wang ◽  
Zhidai He ◽  
C. Lan ◽  
Zhongjun Wang ◽  
Zhidai He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Analysis ◽  
Stability And Control ◽  
Analysis Of Stability ◽  
And Control
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