Notes on the Comparative Reproductive-Biology and the Laboratory Breeding of the Rabbit Flea Xenopsylla-Cunicularis Smit (Siphonaptera, Pulicidae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
BD Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Wild Rabbit ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Laboratory Breeding

The basic breeding biology of the rabbit flea Xenopsylla cunicularis Smit, 1957 is described, and comparisons are made with other closely related species of Xenopsylla and with Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Dale, 1878), another parasite of the wild rabbit. At 22�C and 80% relative humidity the eggs of X. cunicularis hatch 7-8 days after laying, and the larval stages last 8-9 days. Pupation lasts for a further 20 days for females and 27 days for males. However, at lower relative humidities (22�C, 50% RH) rates of development are slowed considerably. A method for rearing large numbers of X. cunicularis in the laboratory is described.

Larval development of the shrimp Hippolyte sapphica d’Udekem d’Acoz, 1993 forma A and B (Decapoda: Caridea: Hippolytidae) reared in the laboratory, confirmation of the conspecific status of the two forms

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2579 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDROS NTAKIS ◽  
CHRYSSA ANASTASIADOU ◽  
ROMAN LIASKO ◽  
IOANNIS D. LEONARDOS
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
Immature Form ◽  
Complete Series ◽  
First Time

The complete series of larval staging of Hippolyte sapphica d’Udekem d’Acoz, 1993 forma A and B from Louros estuary was studied in the laboratory and described in detail for the first time. The reared larvae of H. sapphica passed through six zoeal stages and one megalopal stage. The larval monitoring completed when the individuals could be assigned clearly to form A and B via rostra formation. Under the experimental conditions, the average durations of the larval stages were as follows: three days for 1 st and 2 nd stages, three to four days for 3 rd , 4 th , 5 th and 6 th stages, four days for the megalopal stage and 19 to 30 days for immature form A and B individuals. Comparison of the larval morphological characters among the described material and the bibliographic data of closely related species was made and discussed. The offspring of females of the forma A includes forma A and B and the same can be said of the offspring of the forma B. This confirms that the formae A and B are indeed conspecific.

THE IDENTITIES OF THREE CLOSELY RELATED WESTERN SPECIES OF PROSIMULIUM (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE)

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Male Pupa ◽  
First Descriptions

AbstractThe identities of three closely related species, Prosimulium dicum, P. exigens, and P. dicentum, described by Dyar and Shannon in 1927, are clarified. Keys for the separation of the adult, pupal, and larval stages of these species are given. Also presented is a brief review of the literature for each species. A redescription of the female and first descriptions of the male, pupa, and larva of P. dicentum are provided and important taxonomic features illustrated. A lectotype is designated for P. dicum.

Description of the larval stages of Heterosternuta diversicornis (Sharp) (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Hydroporinae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Alarie ◽  
K. Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Close Similarity ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
First Instar

AbstractDescription of structures of all three larval instars of Heterosternuta diversicornis (Sharp) is presented. The chaetotaxy and porotaxy of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi are discussed in detail. A close similarity between larvae of H. diversicornis, H. wickhami Zaitzev and H. cocheconis (Fall) is confirmed. All three species distinguish from the closely related species of the genus Neoporus Guignot by (i) a very short and constricted siphon, (ii) the primary setae FE8 and FE9 which are subequal in length to the maximum width of the metafemur (first instar), (iii) the absence of natatory setae on all tibiae and tarsi, and (iv) the contiguous position of the primary setae UR2 and UR3 on the urogomphomere 1.

scholarly journals Gene decay in archaea

Archaea ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. J. van Passel ◽  
C. S. Smillie ◽  
H. Ochman
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Coding Sequences ◽  
Frameshift Mutations ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Inactivating Mutation ◽  
Gene Decay ◽  
Genome Comparisons

The gene-dense chromosomes of archaea and bacteria were long thought to be devoid of pseudogenes, but with the massive increase in available genome sequences, whole genome comparisons between closely related species have identified mutations that have rendered numerous genes inactive. Comparative analyses of sequenced archaeal genomes revealed numerous pseudogenes, which can constitute up to 8.6% of the annotated coding sequences in some genomes. The largest proportion of pseudogenes is created by gene truncations, followed by frameshift mutations. Within archaeal genomes, large numbers of pseudogenes contain more than one inactivating mutation, suggesting that pseudogenes are deleted from the genome more slowly in archaea than in bacteria. Although archaea seem to retain pseudogenes longer than do bacteria, most archaeal genomes have unique repertoires of pseudogenes.

Description of Longidorus diadecturus n. sp. (Nematoda: Longidoridae), a vector of the peach rosette mosaic virus in peach orchards in southwestern Ontario, Canada

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldon S. Eveleigh ◽  
W. R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Related Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Posterior Position

Longidorus diadecturus n. sp., a virus vector found in peach orchards in southwestern Ontario, is described and illustrated. The most distinguishing feature of the species is the posterior position of the stylet guiding ring (50–64 μm posterior to head apex). It differs from closely related species with a posterior stylet guiding ring by the shape and length of the corpal mucro (sagittate, 1–2 μm), the length of the odontophore (55–66 μm), the expanded, set-off head, and the anteriorly located vulva (44–48%). The body lengths and the tail shapes and sizes are also diagnostic for larval stages.

Diapause and voltinism in western and 2-year-cycle spruce budworms (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and their hybrid progeny

2005 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Nealis
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Choristoneura Occidentalis ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Parental Responses

AbstractBreeding experiments and rearing under variable controlled conditions have revealed that western and 2-year-cycle spruce budworms (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman and C. biennis Freeman, respectively) from British Columbia, Canada, and their hybrid progeny have the inherent capacity for a variable number of diapause events and hence voltinism. While all crosses have at least one diapause, variability in the relative frequency of a second diapause is determined by genetic traits modified by the photoperiod and, to a lesser extent, temperature experienced during the larval stages. Second diapause appears fixed in C. biennis but is facultative and most frequent at short photophases (12L:12D) in C. occidentalis. Hybrids and backcrosses had responses intermediate to the parental responses under all environmental conditions. The occurrence of a facultative third diapause in all crosses underlines the inherent capacity for flexibility in voltinism in these species. These results are discussed in the context of past, present, and future distributions of alternative life cycles in closely related species.

Mating behavior and spermatophore morphology of the whip scorpion Typopeltis dalyi Pocock, 1900 (Uropygi, Thelyphonida)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Michael Seiter ◽  
Marie Christine Moser ◽  
Thomas Schwaha
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Sperm Transfer ◽  
Species Classification ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Comprehensive Studies

Abstract Whip scorpions are an enigmatic group of terrestrial raptorial arachnids that show remarkable mating and courtship behavior in which the male forms a complex spermatophore. While whip spiders (Amblypygi) are relatively well-studied, whip scorpions (Uropygi) are poorly known. The two orders form the Pedipalpi, whip scorpions (Uropygi include Thelyphonida and Schizomida) and whip spiders (Amblypygi). Two major groups have been described based on the mode of sperm transfer that differ in the duration and mode of the typical female–male tandem mating dance. Because comprehensive studies are lacking, in this study we add to our knowledge of the reproductive biology of whip scorpions by analyzing the mating behavior and spermatophore morphology of the previously unstudied species Typopeltis dalyi Pocock, 1900. Our observations show that this species belongs to the second group and supports the hypothesis of P. Weygoldt that their mode of sperm transfer appears more effective than that of the first group and that sufficient sperm can be supplied with one mating. The mating behavior and spermatophore morphology in T. dalyi are similar to those of closely related species and add additional characters applicable for species classification and phylogenetic inferences.

Illustrated key for the identification of the known zoeal stages of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) from tropical and subtropical Brazil, southwestern Atlantic

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3204 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREA G. KOETTKER ◽  
PAULO Y.G. SUMIDA ◽  
RUBENS M. LOPES ◽  
ANDREA S. FREIRE
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Brachyuran Crabs

Approximately 370 brachyuran species have so far been recorded from the Brazilian coast, 123 of which have had theirlarval stages fully or partially described. The pictorial guide allows the identification of the first zoea of 110 species. Theremaining 13 species with known larval stages are treated to the genus level because of difficulties in the morphological differentiation of closely related species.

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