scholarly journals Archaeology, environmental justice, and climate change on islands of the Caribbean and southwestern Indian Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (15) ◽  
pp. 8254-8262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Douglass ◽  
Jago Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
The Face ◽  
Colonial Legacies ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Past Climate Change ◽  
Southwestern Indian Ocean

Climate change impacts island communities all over the world. Sea-level rise, an increase in the frequency and intensity of severe weather events, and changes in distribution and health of marine organisms are among the most significant processes affecting island communities worldwide. On islands of the Caribbean and southwestern Indian Ocean (SWIO), however, today’s climate change impacts are magnified by historical environmental injustice and colonial legacies, which have heightened the vulnerability of human and other biotic communities. For some islands, archaeological and paleoecological research offers an important record of precolonial climate change and its interplay with human lives and landscapes. The archaeological record suggests strategies and mechanisms that can inform discussions of resilience in the face of climate change. We detail climate-related challenges facing island Caribbean and SWIO communities using archaeological and paleoecological evidence for past climate change and human response and argue that these cannot be successfully addressed without an understanding of the processes that have, over time, disrupted livelihoods, reshaped land- and seascapes, threatened intergenerational ecological knowledge transfer, and led to increased inequality and climate vulnerability.

Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean: An Application of the Integrated Economic-Environmental Modeling (IEEM) Platform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onil Banerjee ◽  
Martin Cicowiez ◽  
Ana Rios ◽  
Cicero De Lima
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Environmental Modeling ◽  
Sectoral Output ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Agricultural Yields

In this paper, we assess the economy-wide impact of Climate Change (CC) on agriculture and food security in 20 Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) countries. Specifically, we focus on the following three channels through which CC may affect agricultural and non-agricultural production: (i) agricultural yields; (ii) labor productivity in agriculture, and; (iii) economy-wide labor productivity. We implement the analysis using the Integrated Economic-Environmental Model (IEEM) and databases for 20 LAC available through the OPEN IEEM Platform. Our analysis identifies those countries most affected according to key indicators including Gross Domestic Product (GDP), international commerce, sectoral output, poverty, and emissions. Most countries experience negative impacts on GDP, with the exception of the major soybean producing countries, namely, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. We find that CC-induced crop productivity and labor productivity changes affect countries differently. The combined impact, however, indicates that Belize, Nicaragua, Guatemala and Paraguay would fare the worst. Early identification of these hardest hit countries can enable policy makers pre-empting these effects and beginning the design of adaptation strategies early on. In terms of greenhouse gas emissions, only Argentina, Chile and Uruguay would experience small increases in emissions.

Study of the Impacts of Climate Change on the Women and Men in the Caribbean: Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Project Teams ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
National Programme ◽  
Pilot Programme ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Country Office

This report aims to provide an overview of the gender and climate resilience nexus in the Caribbean and provide gender-inclusive recommendations for climate resilience programmes in the region. This report has been developed within the context of the Caribbean Pilot Programme for Climate Resilience (PPCR) to support gender mainstreaming into the regional and national programme activities. Specifically, the report seeks to: Understand how men and women participate in climate resilience programmes and how gender inequalities are exacerbated by climate change impacts in the sectors covered by the PPCR. Identify institutional arrangements and good practices for integrating gender equality concerns in Caribbean climate resilience programmes. The audience for this report is PPCR stakeholders (e.g. executing agencies, implementing partners, Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) country office teams) and project teams in the Caribbean seeking to mainstream gender into climate resilience projects in the future.

A gendered approach to understanding climate change impacts: lessons from a coastal region of Bangladesh.

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
S. Momtaz ◽  
M. Asaduzzaman ◽  
Z. Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Household Surveys ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
The Face

Abstract The purpose of this chapter is to understand the vulnerability of women's livelihoods to climate change impacts in Bangladesh. Data were collected through a survey of 150 randomly selected women from a sample of households. Focus group discussions, key informant interviews, participant observations, and a transect walk, provided supporting information to substantiate the household surveys. The chapter first outlines the theoretical foundation on which the research is based. This is followed by examining women's vulnerability in the study area. The chapter then describes women's coping strategies in the face of climate change-induced disasters. The chapter further explores women's adaptive capacity through the examination of their access to various services. It ends with a set of recommendations for policy makers in order to improve the situation of women's vulnerability.

The Caribbean's Response to Climate Change Impacts

2017 ◽  
pp. 713-738
Author(s):  
Steve Maximay
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
The Caribbean

To fully appreciate climate change impacts and adaptations in the Caribbean, several aspects of the phenomenon and the region's response must be placed in historical and chronological sequence. This chapter starts with a review of the Caribbean islands, focusing on the agricultural sector and its vulnerability to climate change impacts. It then provides a brief review of the Caribbean's foray into organized planning for climate change; the early advocacy of those who believed the issue was a serious threat to the region, and the projects that were developed. It also traces organized institutional level responses, some national efforts, and the degree to which climate change issues have now become part of the routine agricultural development discourse. An overview of the possible climate change impacts and the programmed adaptations at a regional level are presented, and the chapter ends with a look at the importance of communication to raise awareness and ultimately change behaviours.

Influence of sea level rise on discounting, resource use and migration in small-island communities: an agent-based modelling approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADAM DOUGLAS HENRY ◽  
ANDREAS EGELUND CHRISTENSEN ◽  
REBECCA HOFMANN ◽  
IVO STEIMANIS ◽  
BJÖRN VOLLAN
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Resource Conservation ◽  
Discount Rates ◽  
Time Discounting ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Island Communities

SUMMARYTime discounting – the degree to which individuals value current more than future resources – is an important component of natural resource conservation. As a response to climate change impacts in island communities, such as sea level rise, discounting the future can be a rational response due to increased stress on natural resources and uncertainty about whether future generations will have the same access to the same resources. By incorporating systematic responses of discount rates into models of resource conservation, realistic expectations of future human responses to climate change and associated resource stress may be developed. This paper illustrates the importance of time discounting through a theoretical agent-based model of resource use in island communities. A discount rate change can dramatically change projections about future migration and community-based conservation efforts. Our simulation results show that an increase in discount rates due to a credible information shock about future climate change impacts is likely to speed resource depletion. The negative impacts of climate change are therefore likely to be underestimated if changes in discount rates and emerging migration patterns are not taken into account.

Impacts and Adaptation of Climate Change on Urban Economic System: A Perspective from the Urban Planning

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 2270-2277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Qiang Wei ◽  
Yi Ping Fang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Economics ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
System A ◽  
The Face ◽  
Economic Developments

Climate change has a significant impact on the environment and is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of nature disaster and create new hazards (e.g., rise in sea level). As densely populated and resource-intensive regions, cities will experience the enhanced heat island effect, flooding or water scarcity as a result of extremes in rainfall, and severe storms may devastate entire settlements. In the face of a projected rise in the frequency and severity of nature disasters due to socio-economic developments and climate change the question arises of how to adapt to and ameliorate impacts of natural disasters. This paper provides some insights into this subject from an urban planning perspective and takes a review on the aspects of climate change impacts on urban economics, based on the practices of mitigation and adaptation experiences, some strategies of adaptation are provided and discussed at last.

scholarly journals Threats of Global Climate Change: A Review of the Driver to Multiples Environmental Degradation, Human Right Injustice and Unsustainable Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ayuk Macbert Nkongho ◽  
Cherabe Nchomba George
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Management And Conservation

As we embrace the new millennium of the 21st century, the threats to the environment are unprecedented. However, none of these threats is as immense as global warming. Environmental management and conservation actions are floundering in the face of climate change as the latter poses a complex, bewildering array of impacts to the environment particularly on the state, individuals, communities, and cultures, as well as on natural resources (land, water, and air). Because of this, there is the need for the protection and promotion of climate change justice. The problem facing policy-makers and environmental stakeholders is how to plan within the context of global warming and to implement strategies for increasing the resistance and resilience of the environment to climate change impacts. This is because climate change is an issue of reality and is seemingly difficult to understand and to be plan for. It is, therefore, vital that a justice-centered approach is adopted to combat climate change. This article, therefore, seeks to analyze the causes and impacts of climate change, designs strategies and recommendations which is hope to address the adverse effects of climate change on human rights and the environment.

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