Gender differences in a bilingual Tamil-English community

1990 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Vanithamani Saravan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Linguistic Variables ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract In this paper the relationship between socio-cultural, socio-economic factors and linguistic variables in a bilingual community in Singapore is examined. The results show that education and socio-economic status correlate significantly with linguistic variables. Socio-economic status and socio-psychological factors best help to explain gender differences in linguistic variation.

scholarly journals How Are Community Socio-Economic Factors Associated with the Sales of Unhealthy Products: Alcohol, Tobacco and Unhealthy Snack Food in Low Income Communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 294-294
Author(s):  
Lauren Wallace ◽  
Elizabeth Racine ◽  
Rajib Paul ◽  
Shafie Gholizadeh ◽  
Caitlan Webster
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unhealthy Snacks ◽  
Unhealthy Snack ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Alcohol Sales

Abstract Objectives People under stress tend to use unhealthy coping mechanisms including using products like alcohol, tobacco and unhealthy snacks. The purpose of this study is to assess how measures of community socio-economic status, which may be proxies for community stress, are associated with the sales of unhealthy products (alcohol, tobacco, and unhealthy snacks) at a discount variety store chain. Specifically, we consider the following measures of community socio-economic status: population racial/ethnic composition, % of households on SNAP, % of households without a vehicle, walkability score and median community income. Methods Mixed effects linear regressions with random effects were used to examine the relationship between the weekly unit sales (per 1000 population) of three outcome variables (tobacco, alcohol, unhealthy snacks) and community socio-economic factors: % of households on SNAP, % of households without a vehicle, and median community income. Results The sales of alcohol, tobacco, and unhealthy snacks increased as the % of the population participating in SNAP increased. Other measures of community socio-economic status were not significantly (at 5% significance level) associated with tobacco or unhealthy snack sales. However, for alcohol sales, increases in: the median household income, walkability score and % of African American residents, were associated with a decrease in alcohol sales. Conclusions Low income neighborhoods frequently experience greater health burden compared to higher income neighborhoods. Understanding and quantifying the relationship between financial stress and unhealthy product consumption can help public health professionals intervene before chronic diseases manifest. Funding Sources Robert Woods Johnson Foundation.

scholarly journals STATUS SOSIAL-EKONOMI DAN KEPUASAN PENGHUNI APARTEMEN TRANSIT RANCAEKEK (ATR) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF HUNIAN MASYARAKAT BERPENGHASILAN RENDAH DI KAWASAN PERI-URBAN METROPOLITAN BANDUNG RAYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Anita Vitriana
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Residential Satisfaction ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
West Java ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The research on the relationship between socio-economic status and the residential satisfaction is conducted at Rancaekek Transit Apartment (RTA) that located in Peri-urban Area of Bandung Metropolitan Area.  RTA is the largest modest flat that is managed by West Java Provincial Government as alternative dwellings for low-income industrial workers in West Java. As one of the evaluation models of modest flats implementation, this study aims to find out some socio-economic factors which affect the level of satisfaction of the occupants. In this study, the assessment of residential satisfaction was using indicators on physical condition and management of modest flats.  The examined socio-economic factors in this research consist of 16 attributes. Data was collected through questionnaires distribution, which spread to 93 respondents of RTA residents. Data processing and analysis of the relationship between satisfaction and socio-economic status were using chi-square bivariate method. The results showed that in the RTA occupancy with residential segments from a homogeneous economic status (low-income industrial workers), there were only social attributes which considered to have significant effects on occupant satisfaction. The four social attributes which have contributed to the level of residential satisfaction consist of the variable of marital status, the number of occupants in one unit, the counterpart of one residential unit and the location of the block.

ECP02-01 - Globalisation and the impact of economic factors on psychiatric disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1795-1795
Author(s):  
D. Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Migration Experiences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionWith the process of globalisation in full flow, the movement of people and products across the globe has brought a series of difficulties. With migration the socio-economic status of the individuals may change with the likelihood that this status will be lower rather than higher, although depending upon the reasons for migration this may change too.ObjectivesLiterature shows that low socio-economic status is associated with a higher level of psychiatric morbidity.AimsWhether migration acts as a mediator needs to be investigated further.MethodsVarious studies have shown that rates of psychosis are elevated in migrants though these rates are differentially increased in different groups indicating that factors other than migration may be at play.ResultsIn this presentation the literature and link the acculturation and cultural identity with post-migration experiences will be reviewed.ConclusionA link exists between the perceptions within cultures and level of economic development of what constitutes mental health. The state of advancement of mental health services of a country will certainly have a large impact on prevalence rates. Further investigation should be carried out to examine in greater depth the relationship between social inequality and disorder prevalence, as distinct from income inequality.

scholarly journals A Study of Anthropometric and Socio-economic Factors Associated with Delayed Menarche in a Bengali Indian Population with Special Reference to BMI and 2D:4D Ratio

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Suddhasatta Ghosh ◽  
Dilip Mukherjee ◽  
Riddhi Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
P Value ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
Age Of Menarche ◽  
Delayed Menarche ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Introduction: The average age of menarche has declined over the last century but the magnitude of the decline and the factors responsible remain subjects of contention. Aims and Objectives: To study a group with delayed menarche in a cohort of Bengali Indian females with low to normal body weight. To investigate anthropometric characteristics (height, mid-parental height, weight, BMI), Socio-economic Status, Sexual Maturity Rating (SMR) stages and 2D: 4D ratio ( ratio of lengths of second and fourth digits of both hands) in those with delayed menarche. To analyse the correlation of these factors with delayed age of menarche. Materials and Methods: A total of 614 children , aged 11- 16 completed years, of low to middle income family groups and attending suburban schools, were evaluated on the basis of predetermined questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Correlation of factors with delayed age of menarche was done by appropriate statistical methods Results and Analysis: Out of 190 children having delayed menarche (cases) and 424 children with normal age of menarche (controls) , the height percentile (p value: 0.642), BMI ( p value: 0.091), weight (p value: 0.12)and Mid-Parental Height (p value: 0.26) had no significant correlation , while SMR ( p value:0.00), 2D:4D ratio (p value:0.002) and low Socio-economic Status (p value: 0.00) had a significant correlation with delayed menarche. Conclusion: This study is the first to examine such a wide variety of anthropometric and socio-economic factors at a time in a single cohort of females with delayed menarche. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v3i4.5902 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.3(4) 2012 pp.24-31

scholarly journals Depression and socio-economic risk factors: 7-year longitudinal population study

2007 ◽  
Vol 190 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Lorant ◽  
Christophe Croux ◽  
Scott Weich ◽  
Denise Deliège ◽  
Johan Mackenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Material Standard Of Living ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Material Standard

BackgroundLow socio-economic status is associated with a higher prevalence of depression, but it is not yet known whether change in socio-economic status leads to a change in rates of depression.AimsTo assess whether longitudinal change in socio-economic factors affects change of depression level.MethodIn a prospective cohort study using the annual Belgian Household Panel Survey (1992–1999), depression was assessed using the Global Depression Scale. Socio-economic factors were assessed with regard to material standard of living, education, employment status and social relationships.ResultsA lowering in material standard of living between annual waves was associated with increases in depressive symptoms and caseness of major depression. Life circumstances also influenced depression. Ceasing to cohabit with a partner increased depressive symptoms and caseness, and improvement in circumstances reduced them; the negative effects were stronger than the positive ones.ConclusionsThe study showed a clear relationship between worsening socio-economic circumstances and depression.

Socio-Economic Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasites Among Children Living in Gombak, Malaysia

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeswari B ◽  
Sinniah B ◽  
Hasnah Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Immigrant Workers ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Common Parasite ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Fecal specimens collected from 456 school children in Gombak, Malaysia, revealed an overall prevalence rate of 62.9%. The most common parasite found was Trichuris trichiura(47.1%) followed by Giardia intestinalis(14.7%), Entamoeba coli(11.4%), Entamoeba histolytica(9.9%) and Ascaris lumbricoides(7.9%). Infection rates were high among the Indonesian immigrant workers' children (90%) followed by the Orang Asli(79.5%), Malay (59.4%) and Indians (36.4%). Females (66.3%) had a higher prevalence rate than the males (58.5%). The prevalence of infection was found to be associated with the socio-economic status, water supply, sanitary disposal of feces and family size. Albendazole administered as a single dose (400 mg) was found to be effective against Ascaris (100%) and hookworm (92.3%) but was not effective against Trichuris(39.2%).

scholarly journals Determinants of Nutrition Status of Rural Preschool Children in Andhra Pradesh, India

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Yasoda Devi ◽  
P. Geervani
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

A longitudinal study was conducted in four villages in the Medak district of Andhra Pradesh. One-hundred and ninety-seven children up to four years old were selected from low-income households in the study area. Pre-tested, structured interviews were conducted to collect information on child-related, maternal, paternal, and socio-economic factors from the households. Two child-related factors, number of diarrhoeal episodes and calorie adequacy of diet, showed a highly significant effect on a child's current as well as past nutrition status. The results of this study indicate a strong influence of socio-economic status and parental care on the control of infectious diseases and food intake, which are the two major causes for malnutrition among children in developing countries

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Outcome of Socio Economic Factors on Mobility and Changes in Consumption Pattern in Northern Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samra Khalid ◽  
Nabila Asghar ◽  
Hafeez ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Mobility ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Mediating Factor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The relationship between mobility and consumption pattern has been neglected in the past particularly in developing countries. Socio-economic mobility is the movement of individuals, social groups, or categories of people in the layers or strata between two different periods. For effective policy making, it is important to gauge the mobility pattern which portrays the socio-economic changes of society over the period as opposed to at one point in time. This brings up the need to examine the way in which elements of socio-economic mobility impacts the consumption in the emerging class of the society. Socio-economic factors and their influence on intra-temporal household mobility reveal the education as an important mediating factor in Northern Punjab. Whereas, opportunity of education and occupation work together to bridge the gap between an increase in household income and socio-economic status. This study concludes that education and occupation based mobility of households divert their consumption pattern toward more cultural goods. The emerging class seems to be attracted more towards conspicuous consumption including private schools, health care, shopping and the consumer goods to enhance their living standards.

scholarly journals Trends in overweight by socio-economic status in Vietnam: 1992 to 2002

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh Duc Nguyen ◽  
Shirley AA Beresford ◽  
Adam Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Food Expenditures ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo explore socio-economic factors associated with rising rates of overweight among Vietnamese adults.DesignThe study was based on three national surveys of socio-economic factors and health conducted over a 10-year period. The studies were: the Vietnamese Living Standard Survey 1992–1993 (11 982 participants); the Vietnamese Living Standard Survey 1997–1998 (15 975 participants); and the Vietnamese National Health Survey 2001–2002 (94 656 participants).SubjectsMale and female adults >18 years old were stratified by gender, age group, area of residence, occupation, education and relative food expenditures. Overweight was defined using body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg m− 2.ResultsOverweight rates in Vietnam more than doubled between 1992 and 2002 (from 2.0 to 5.7%). Significant increases were observed for men and women, in urban and rural areas, and for all age groups. In univariate analyses, both age and higher socio-economic status were associated with higher rates of overweight. Using the most recent survey, urban populations were more likely to be overweight than rural ones (odds ratio (OR) = 1.79), white-collar workers were more likely to be overweight than manual labourers (OR = 1.95) and persons in the top level of food expenditures were more likely to be overweight than persons in the bottom level (OR = 4.96) after adjustment for other factors. Education was inversely associated with overweight after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionEconomic growth and improved standard of living are associated with higher rates of overweight in nations in early stages of economic development. In Vietnam, higher rates of overweight were observed among the higher income and occupation groups.

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