scholarly journals Inheritance, contact, convergence

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kofi Yakpo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Obligatory Contour Principle ◽  
Cross Diffusion ◽  
Founder Populations ◽  
Suppletive Allomorphy ◽  
Vowel Height

Abstract This article provides a comparative analysis of the suppletive allomorphy of two personal pronouns in the five African English-lexifier Creoles (AECs) Krio (Sierra Leone), Pichi (Equatorial Guinea), Ghanaian Pidgin English, Nigerian Pidgin, and Cameroon Pidgin. The alternation of the 3sg object forms =àm (a clitic) and ín (a non-clitic) is conditioned by a tonal obligatory contour principle (ocp), a vowel height ocp, animacy, and focus in different constellations across the five AECs. In addition, an epenthetic /r/ is recruited in four of the AECs to ensure that the ocp is not breached. The analyses suggest that pronominal suppletion in the AECs has been fashioned by processes of change and differentiation typical of geographically extensive language families, such as migration from linguistic homelands, acquisition by non-founder populations, interlectal cross-diffusion, as well as contact and convergence with adstrate, substrate, and superstrate languages.

Papilio demodocus. [Distribution map].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Comoro Islands

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Papilio demodocus Esper [Lepidoptera: Papilionidae] Orange dog, citrus butterfly, citrus swallowtail, African lime butterfly. Attacks Citrus and other Rutaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Bioko, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde Islands, Chad, Comoro Islands, Congo, Equatorial, Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Sao, Tome, & Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togoland, Uganda, Zaire, Zimbabwe, ASIA, Oman, Saudi Arabia, South Yemen, Yemen.

Bixadus sierricola. [Distribution map].

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bixadus sierricola (White) Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae Hosts: Coffee (Coffea spp.). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda.

Rigidoporus microporus. [Distribution map].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rigidoporus microporus (Fr.) Overeem Fungi: Basidiomycota: Poriales Hosts: Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), tea (Camellia sinensis) and many others. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Brunei Darussalam, India, West Bengal, Indonesia, Java, Sumatra, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, AFRICA, Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial, Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zaire, NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Trinidad and Tobago, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil, Acre, Amazon, Para, Guyana, Peru, OCEANIA, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu.

scholarly journals Revision of the Afrotropical planthopper genus Centromeriana Melichar, 1912 (Hemiptera, Dictyopharidae)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Shun Song ◽  
Igor Malenovský ◽  
Ai-Ping Liang
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Bioko Island ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
First Time

The Afrotropical planthopper genus Centromeriana Melichar, 1912 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Dictyopharidae, Dictyopharinae, Orthopagini) is revised. Four species are included: C. jocosa (Gerstaecker, 1895) (the type species, with confirmed records from Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon), C. lindbergae sp. nov. (described from Sierra Leone), C. rhinoceros sp. nov. (described from Togo) and C. simplex Melichar, 1912 (so far only known from Equatorial Guinea, Bioko island). Lectotypes are designated for C. jocosa and C. simplex and both species are redescribed including habitus photographs and detailed illustrations of the male and female genitalia which are published for the first time. A key for identification of the species of Centromeriana is provided. As far as known, the genus is endemic to the (Guineo-)Congolian region of western Africa.

scholarly journals Regime Change and Democratic Consolidation in Africa: A Comparative Analysis of the Republic of Niger and Equatorial Guinea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith ABOKWARA
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Regime Change ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Republic

This study aims to access regime change and democratic consolidation in Africa from a comparative perspective.<div><br></div><div>Comparative method was employed and content analysis used to analyse why most states on the continent are yet to consolidate their democracy.</div><div><br></div><div>The study found that despite regime frequency in the Republic of Niger and regime longevity in Equatorial Guinea both states are yet to consolidate their democracy. </div><div><br></div><div>One of the recommendation of the paper is that state institutions should be strengthened.</div>

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling and comparative analysis of the Ebola epidemic reveal effective control measures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlong Li ◽  
Caiping Song ◽  
Jingya Yang ◽  
Jingmin Zheng ◽  
Lina Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Epidemic Outbreak ◽  
And Control

Abstract The Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a highly contagious disease which is caused by the Ebola virus . Various measures were used to prevent and control the spread of EVD. The aim of this study was to find out the most critical measures to prevent and control the spread of EVD. Both mathematical modeling and comparative analysis were used to explore the development process of EVD outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. The results of comparative analysis showed quarantined individuals before infection (R 2 = 0.848, ε = 1.012), safe burial teams (R 2 = 0.772, ε = 0.385), and the Ebola treatment units (ETU) bed (R 2 = 0.690, ε = 0.432) could significantly influence the incidence of EVD which were consistent with the results of mathematical modeling. These findings indicted that a timely and effective quarantine played a significant role in preventing and controlling the spread of EVD, and the findings would help us prevent and control the epidemic outbreak of new infectious disease in the future.

Cassava mosaic disease. [Distribution map].

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Disease ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cassava mosaic disease Viruses: Geminiviridae: Begomovirus Hosts: Cassava (Manihot esculenta). Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, India, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Sri Lanka, AFRICA, Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape, Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Congo Democratic Republic, Cote d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

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