scholarly journals Toward a syntactic phylogeny of modern Indo-European languages

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Longobardi ◽  
Cristina Guardiano ◽  
Giuseppina Silvestri ◽  
Alessio Boattini ◽  
Andrea Ceolin
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Objective Measurements ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The Parametric Comparison Method (PCM, Guardiano & Longobardi 2005, Longobardi & Guardiano 2009) is grounded on the assumption that syntactic parameters are more appropriate than other traits for use as comparanda for historical reconstruction, because they are able to provide unambiguous correspondences and objective measurements, thus guaranteeing wide-range applicability and quantitative exactness. This article discusses a set of experiments explicitly designed to evaluate the impact of parametric syntax in representing historical relatedness, and performed on a selection of 26 contemporary Indo-European varieties. The results show that PCM is in fact able to correctly identify genealogical relations even from modern languages only, performing as accurately as lexical methods, and that its effectiveness is not limited by interference effects such as ‘horizontal’ transmission. PCM is thus validated as a powerful tool for the analysis of historical relationships not only on a long-range perspective (as suggested by Longobardi & Guardiano 2009), but even on more focused, though independently well-known domains.

scholarly journals Simulation Verification of the Contact Parameter Influence on the Forces’ Course of Cereal Grain Impact against a Stiff Surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 466
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Kęska ◽  
Jacek Marcinkiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Gierz ◽  
Żaneta Staszak ◽  
Jarosław Selech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Contact Parameter ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The continuous development of computer technology has made it applicable in many scientific fields, including research into a wide range of processes in agricultural machines. It allows the simulation of very complex physical phenomena, including grain motion. A recently discovered discrete element method (DEM) is used for this purpose. It involves direct integration of equations of grain system motion under the action of various forces, the most important of which are contact forces. The method’s accuracy depends mainly on precisely developed mathematical models of contacts. The creation of such models requires empirical validation, an experiment that investigates the course of contact forces at the moment of the impact of the grains. To achieve this, specialised test stations equipped with force and speed sensors were developed. The correct selection of testing equipment and interpretation of results play a decisive role in this type of research. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the force sensor dynamic properties’ influence on the measurement accuracy of the course of the plant grain impact forces against a stiff surface. The issue was examined using the computer simulation method. A proprietary computer software with the main calculation module and data input procedures, which presents results in a graphic form, was used for calculations. From the simulation, graphs of the contact force and force signal from the sensor were obtained. This helped to clearly indicate the essence of the correct selection of parameters used in the tests of sensors, which should be characterised by high resonance frequency.

Personification of the selection of pharmacological treatment of stress and post-stress disorders based on biometric data

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Raisa Ya. Tataritntseva ◽  
Lilia G. Ivanova ◽  
Dmitriy V. Migachev
Keyword(s):  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Mobile Medicine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Remote Treatment ◽  
Somatic Diseases ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Stress ◽  
Selection Of

Scientific researches have proven the pathogenetic relationship between stress and the development of a wide range of diseases. The impact of stress to the development of somatic diseases is well known, but greatly underestimated, since the treatment of stress and the correction of its consequences is an important aspect in the prevention and treatment of any, even infectious diseases, which was proved during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The introduction of individual mobile medicine devices (M-Health) into a wide medical practice makes it possible to provide not only remote monitoring of the patients condition, but also to conduct remote treatment, with the selection and correction of drug therapy based on objective biometric data.

Onset Times and Detection of Colored Signal Lights

2005 ◽  
Vol 1918 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
John D. Bullough
Keyword(s):  
Visual Detection ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Significant Potential ◽  
Color Characteristics ◽  
Signal Light ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transportation Applications ◽  
Selection Of

Light sources used in signal lights for transportation applications have a variety of temporal onset characteristics, including a wide range of onset times. These characteristics, along with luminous intensity and color characteristics, can have important impacts on the ability to detect and respond to colored signal lights. Studies of the impact of these factors on responses to colored signals are reviewed, along with potential implications for the selection of light sources used in traffic and vehicle signals. The onset characteristics of recently developed light sources might offer significant potential to improve visual detection of signal lights. Nonetheless, it is important to understand the context in which a signal light is presented to determine whether such improvements in visual detection have practical significance.

The Identification of Language Impairment in the Selection of Specifically Language-Impaired Subjects

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. McCauley ◽  
M. J. Demetras
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Language Impaired ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Test Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Specific Number ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Selection Of

This review focused on the methods used to identify language impairment in specifically language-impaired subjects participating in 72 research studies that were described in four journals from 1983 to 1988. The single most frequent source of information used in the identification process was found to be test data. There was, however, considerable variability and, often, a lack of clarity regarding the specific number and identity of tests used. More specific findings on test use indicated that researchers routinely assessed both expressive and receptive language and that they used incomplete tests. When test scores used in identification and selection were examined, there was a wide range of score types, and age-equivalent scores were by far the most common and often the only type of score utilized. Conclusions are drawn regarding the impact of these findings on the interpretation and generalizability of this research literature.

scholarly journals Effect of Aftershock Characteristics on the Fragility Curve of Post-Mainshock RC Frames

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Massumi ◽  
Kabir Sadeghi ◽  
Omid Ghojoghi
Keyword(s):  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Significant Duration ◽  
Rc Frames ◽  
Collapse Probability ◽  
Site Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Seismic Records ◽  
Earthquake Sequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Buildings constructed in seismic zones are not only damaged by mainshocks but may also be damaged by the impact of aftershocks and cause them to collapse. Therefore, studying the behavior of the damaged structures due to the mainshock and aftershock helps in post-mainshock decision making and also in the selection of suitable aftershock records for seismic assessing of the structure under earthquake sequences. This paper presents the effects of aftershock ground motion on the collapse capacity of post-mainshock buildings. The mean period (Tm), predominant velocity period (Tg), frequency bandwidth (Ω), the 5%-95% significant duration (Ds) and seismic records of different sites were selected to evaluate the effect of its characteristics on the collapse capacity of buildings. The intensity of the ground motions was determined by the first-mode spectral acceleration with 5% damping. Collapse capacities of two non-ductile reinforced concrete (RC) frames with 3 and 6 stories were evaluated using a set of 62 aftershock records with a wide range of characteristics. Box plot collapse diagrams and fragility curves have been developed by applying the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). The results show that in the frequency content with a longer period, the probability of its collapse is higher. In addition, the high significant duration of aftershocks increases the collapse probability of structures. Also, the evaluation of the site characteristics shows differences in collapse capacities of the same frames in varying sites. Therefore, the effect of aftershock characteristics on the capacity of the structures is significant and it is necessary to carefully determine the seismic sequences’ recordings for the evaluation of the seismic behavior of the structures.

scholarly journals The Impact of Normalization Methods on RNA-Seq Data Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zyprych-Walczak ◽  
A. Szabelska ◽  
L. Handschuh ◽  
K. Górczak ◽  
K. Klamecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Normalization Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

High-throughput sequencing technologies, such as the Illumina Hi-seq, are powerful new tools for investigating a wide range of biological and medical problems. Massive and complex data sets produced by the sequencers create a need for development of statistical and computational methods that can tackle the analysis and management of data. The data normalization is one of the most crucial steps of data processing and this process must be carefully considered as it has a profound effect on the results of the analysis. In this work, we focus on a comprehensive comparison of five normalization methods related to sequencing depth, widely used for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) data, and their impact on the results of gene expression analysis. Based on this study, we suggest a universal workflow that can be applied for the selection of the optimal normalization procedure for any particular data set. The described workflow includes calculation of the bias and variance values for the control genes, sensitivity and specificity of the methods, and classification errors as well as generation of the diagnostic plots. Combining the above information facilitates the selection of the most appropriate normalization method for the studied data sets and determines which methods can be used interchangeably.

scholarly journals Impact of Antibiotic Exposure Patterns on Selection of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Hospital Settings

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 4888-4895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Kardaś-Słoma ◽  
Pierre Yves Boëlle ◽  
Lulla Opatowski ◽  
Christian Brun-Buisson ◽  
Didier Guillemot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antibiotic Exposure ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTCommunity-associated methicillin-resistantS. aureus(CA-MRSA) is increasingly common in hospitals, with potentially serious consequences. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of antibiotic prescription patterns on the selection of CA-MRSA within hospitals, in a context of competition with other circulating staphylococcal strains, including methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and hospital-associated methicillin-resistant (HA-MRSA) strains. We developed a computerized agent-based model ofS. aureustransmission in a hospital ward in which CA-MRSA, MSSA, and HA-MRSA strains may cocirculate. We investigated a wide range of antibiotic prescription patterns in both intensive care units (ICUs) and general wards, and we studied how differences in antibiotic exposure may explain observed variations in the success of CA-MRSA invasion in the hospitals of several European countries and of the United States. Model predictions underlined the influence of antibiotic prescription patterns on CA-MRSA spread in hospitals, especially in the ICU, where the endemic prevalence of CA-MRSA carriage can range from 3% to 20%, depending on the simulated prescription pattern. Large antibiotic exposure with drugs effective against MSSA but not MRSA was found to promote invasion by CA-MRSA. We also found that, should CA-MRSA acquire fluoroquinolone resistance, a major increase in CA-MRSA prevalence could ensue in hospitals worldwide. Controlling the spread of highly community-prevalent CA-MRSA within hospitals is a challenge. This study demonstrates that antibiotic exposure strategies could participate in this control. This is all the more important in wards such as ICUs, which may play the role of incubators, promoting CA-MRSA selection in hospitals.

The impact of English in Greece

English Today ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agapios Oikonomidis
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Academic Medical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Western European ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Illustrative Material

This article provides an illustrated account of the extent to which elements of the English language have become commonplace in Greek, particularly in magazine and other texts, and particularly where Greek has long had a powerful influence on English and other Western European languages, especially in adding to their academic, medical, and technological lexicon. English now appears to be paying Greek back in kind and in full – across a wide range of registers. The illustrative material that accompanies the article helps demonstrate the extent to which present-day Greek has absorbed lexical material from English.

scholarly journals One in seven pathogenic variants can be challenging to detect by NGS: An analysis of 450,000 patients with implications for clinical sensitivity and genetic test implementation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E Lincoln ◽  
Tina Hambuch ◽  
Justin M Zook ◽  
Sara L Bristow ◽  
Kathryn Hatchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Clinical Genetic ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Large Indels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of technically challenging variants on the implementation, validation, and diagnostic yield of commonly used clinical genetic tests. Such variants include large indels, small CNVs, complex alterations, and variants in low-complexity or segmentally duplicated regions. Methods: An interlaboratory pilot study used novel synthetic specimens to assess detection of challenging variant types by various NGS-based workflows. One well-performing workflow was further validated and used in clinician-ordered testing of more than 450,000 patients. Results: In the interlaboratory study, only two of 13 challenging variants were detected by all 10 workflows, and just three workflows detected all 13. Limitations were also observed among 11 less-challenging indels. In clinical testing, 21.6% of patients carried one or more pathogenic variants, of which 13.8% (17,561) were classified as technically challenging. These variants were of diverse types, affecting 556 of 1,217 genes across hereditary cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, pediatric, reproductive carrier screening, and other indicated tests. Conclusion: The analytic and clinical sensitivity of NGS workflows can vary considerably, particularly for prevalent, technically challenging variants. This can have important implications for the design and validation of tests (by laboratories) and the selection of tests (by clinicians) for a wide range of clinical indications.

scholarly journals Women Editors in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Van Remoortel ◽  
Julie M. Birkholz ◽  
Maria Alesina ◽  
Christina Bezari ◽  
Charlotte D'Eer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Issue ◽  
Women Editors ◽  
Periodical Studies ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Press ◽  
Editorial Work ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

This special issue of the Journal of European Periodical Studies contains a selection of eleven papers presented at the 2019 Women Editors in Europe conference at Ghent University. It explores women’s editorship in a wide range of national and transnational contexts in five full-length articles by Judit Acsády, Lola Alvarez-Morales and Amelia Sanz-Cabrerizo, Aisha Bazlamit, Andrea Penso, and Joanne Shattock, and five shorter pieces by Petra Bozsoki, Zsolt Mészáros, Marie Nedregotten Sørbø, Zsuzsa Török, and Alicja Walczyna, headed by a provocative essay by the conference keynote speaker, Fionnuala Dillane. Spanning three centuries and seven European languages, the special issue not only offers insight into the breadth and diversity of women’s editorial work for the press; it also draws together different national and language traditions in periodical scholarship and makes them accessible to an international audience.

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