The interpersonal function of clefts in English and Swedish

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Herriman
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Gap ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cleft Constructions

Seen from an interpersonal perspective, within the framework of Appraisal (Martin and White 2005), cleft constructions in English and Swedish function in the system of Engagement as a heteroglossic rhetorical device by which speakers and writers negotiate an authorial position for themselves while implicitly acknowledging the existence of alternative positions. The cleft clause opens up the utterance to heteroglossic negotiation by representing one of its clause elements as a semantic gap. The identity of the semantic gap is then identified by the clefted constituent in the superordinate clause. It-clefts and reversed wh-clefts have different clefting possibilities in English and Swedish, which means that it-clefts and reversed wh-clefts are used to negotiate different types of authorial positions.

Governing urban diversity in Istanbul: Pragmatic and non-discriminatory solutions of governance initiatives in response to politicisation of diversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-282
Author(s):  
Ozge Yenigun ◽  
Ayda Eraydin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
The City ◽  
Governance Arrangements ◽  
Urban Diversity

This paper examines the discourses and practices of central and local governments, as related to the issues of urban governance and diversity, and the emergence of new governance arrangements in different fields of Istanbul’s diversity. The paper claims that current diversity discourses and policies in Turkey are being increasingly used as a rhetorical device to promote the economic development of the city, and to circumvent the different demands of people of diverse cultural, ethnic and religious backgrounds. In such processes of politicising diversity, governance initiatives undertake an important mission in coming up with pragmatic and non-discriminatory solutions to diversity-related issues. Through an examination of recent changes in the diversity policies of Istanbul and the emerging governance arrangements, this paper uncovers the conflicts and the mismatches that exist between the highly politicised discourses, policies and practices, and explores how different types of governance arrangements bring new arenas of expression to the diverse groups.

Jane Austen’s Comic Vision and Her Use of Irony

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Priydarshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Jane Austen ◽  
Basic Feature ◽  
Verbal Irony ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Different Types

Irony in its broadest sense, is a rhetorical device, literary technique, or event in which what on the surface appears to be the case or to be expected differs radically from what is actually the case. In other words, the basic feature of irony is a contrast between reality and appearance. It can be categorized into different types, including verbal irony, dramatic irony and situational irony. These types of ironies are often used for emphasis in the assertion of a truth. Jane Austen uses all these ironies in her novels to show the comic vision of her life. She has used it as a neutral discoverer and explorer of incongruities.

scholarly journals What attachment to peace? Exploring the normative and material dimensions of local ownership in peacebuilding

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Lemay-Hébert ◽  
Stefanie Kappler
Keyword(s):  
Local Ownership ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Social Attachment ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Problem Solvers ◽  
Liberal Peacebuilding

AbstractThe peacebuilding and academic communities are divided over the issue of local ownership between problem-solvers who believe that local ownership can ‘save liberal peacebuilding’ and critical voices claiming that local ownership is purely a rhetorical device to hide the same dynamics of intervention used in more ‘assertive’ interventions. The article challenges these two sets of assumptions to suggest that one has to combine an analysis of the material and normative components of ownership to understand the complex ways in which societies relate to the peace that is being created. Building on the recent scholarship on ‘attachment’, we claim that different modalities of peacebuilding lead to different types of social ‘attachment’ – social-normative and social-material – to the peace being created on the part of its subjects.

Categories of C’est-Cleft Constructions

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 253-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey Katz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Clause ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Similar Construction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cleft Constructions

AbstractIn this article, a system of categorizing the c’esf-cleft into different types is developed, based on their pragmatic, syntactic and prosodic properties. This goal has already been accomplished in English linguistic studies for a similar construction, the it-cleft. The c’est-cleft, however, is found more frequently than the it-cleft, and in many contexts, it is obligatory. In general, in the relative clause of the c’est-cleft, there is an open proposition that is saturated through replacing the missing variable by the element that is found in post-copular position. In most cases, the material found in the relative clause is presupposed; however, there are some cleft types for which this is not necessarily the case. This study is based on Lambrecht’s study of Information Structure.

scholarly journals A Stylistic Study of Repetition and Ideology in Political Discourse: Donald Trump as a Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muayyad Omran Chiad ◽  
Azhar Hassan Sallomi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Different Types

The challenging debates including the political one witness the presence of many ways conveying related views but not totally similar .Repetition is one of these variants which play an essential role in communication as speakers embrace a particular strategy in their choice to accomplish certain tasks. This paper investigates the phenomenon of repetition, its individualities, categories, the motives behind the manifestation of its different types, and the ideological function in the political discourse of Donald Trump, the president of the United States. Both Kemertelidze and Manjavidze’s (2013) model and van Dijk’s (1988) ideological square are adopted to identify the sorts of repetition and ideology accessible in Trump speeches. Thus, repetition in the present study does not only refer to its role as a stylistic cohesive device, but also to its function as a rhetorical device that carries a definite ideology to the audience . The paper reveals that Trump tends to use repetition and specifically anaphora and epiphora as he realizes well how such forms enhance the rhythmic blend of speech owing to the development of intonation and sound uniqueness at initial or final position of a sentence. Additionally, Trump intends consciously to repeat a word, a phrase, and even a sentence to accomplish goals like illumination, prominence, persuasion, warning, making a point memorable, and creating cohesion .Using such a vital instrument , he succeeds to have his own effect or authority  upon listeners, manipulate them, and  accordingly form an attitude.

The extinction time of a general birth and death process with catastrophes

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
Laplace Transform ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Extinction Time ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Laplace Transform ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

The Laplace transform of the extinction time is determined for a general birth and death process with arbitrary catastrophe rate and catastrophe size distribution. It is assumed only that the birth rates satisfyλ0= 0,λj> 0 for eachj> 0, and. Necessary and sufficient conditions for certain extinction of the population are derived. The results are applied to the linear birth and death process (λj=jλ, µj=jμ) with catastrophes of several different types.

Differentiating between different forms of moral obligations

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajen A. Anderson ◽  
Benjamin C. Ruisch ◽  
David A. Pizarro
Keyword(s):  
Moral Character ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Different Types

Abstract We argue that Tomasello's account overlooks important psychological distinctions between how humans judge different types of moral obligations, such as prescriptive obligations (i.e., what one should do) and proscriptive obligations (i.e., what one should not do). Specifically, evaluating these different types of obligations rests on different psychological inputs and has distinct downstream consequences for judgments of moral character.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

Study of the Molecular Architecture of Keratin Filaments by Electron Microscopy

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 118-119
Author(s):  
U. Aebi ◽  
P. Rew ◽  
T.-T. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Keratin Filaments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
10 Nm Filaments ◽  
Different Cell Types

Various types of intermediate-sized (10-nm) filaments have been found and described in many different cell types during the past few years. Despite the differences in the chemical composition among the different types of filaments, they all yield common structural features: they are usually up to several microns long and have a diameter of 7 to 10 nm; there is evidence that they are made of several 2 to 3.5 nm wide protofilaments which are helically wound around each other; the secondary structure of the polypeptides constituting the filaments is rich in ∞-helix. However a detailed description of their structural organization is lacking to date.

A New Defect in Polyethylene Single Crystals

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
E. L. Thomas ◽  
S. L. Sass
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Screw Dislocation ◽  
Small Distance ◽  
Dipole Model ◽  
Dislocation Dipole ◽  
Chain Folding ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Polymer Crystal ◽  
Different Types

In polyethylene single crystals pairs of black and white lines spaced 700-3,000Å apart, parallel to the [100] and [010] directions, have been identified as microsector boundaries. A microsector is formed when the plane of chain folding changes over a small distance within a polymer crystal. In order for the different types of folds to accommodate at the boundary between the 2 fold domains, a staggering along the chain direction and a rotation of the chains in the plane of the boundary occurs. The black-white contrast from a microsector boundary can be explained in terms of these chain rotations. We demonstrate that microsectors can terminate within the crystal and interpret the observed terminal strain contrast in terms of a screw dislocation dipole model.

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