scholarly journals What attachment to peace? Exploring the normative and material dimensions of local ownership in peacebuilding

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Lemay-Hébert ◽  
Stefanie Kappler
Keyword(s):  
Local Ownership ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Social Attachment ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Problem Solvers ◽  
Liberal Peacebuilding

AbstractThe peacebuilding and academic communities are divided over the issue of local ownership between problem-solvers who believe that local ownership can ‘save liberal peacebuilding’ and critical voices claiming that local ownership is purely a rhetorical device to hide the same dynamics of intervention used in more ‘assertive’ interventions. The article challenges these two sets of assumptions to suggest that one has to combine an analysis of the material and normative components of ownership to understand the complex ways in which societies relate to the peace that is being created. Building on the recent scholarship on ‘attachment’, we claim that different modalities of peacebuilding lead to different types of social ‘attachment’ – social-normative and social-material – to the peace being created on the part of its subjects.

Governing urban diversity in Istanbul: Pragmatic and non-discriminatory solutions of governance initiatives in response to politicisation of diversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-282
Author(s):  
Ozge Yenigun ◽  
Ayda Eraydin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
The City ◽  
Governance Arrangements ◽  
Urban Diversity

This paper examines the discourses and practices of central and local governments, as related to the issues of urban governance and diversity, and the emergence of new governance arrangements in different fields of Istanbul’s diversity. The paper claims that current diversity discourses and policies in Turkey are being increasingly used as a rhetorical device to promote the economic development of the city, and to circumvent the different demands of people of diverse cultural, ethnic and religious backgrounds. In such processes of politicising diversity, governance initiatives undertake an important mission in coming up with pragmatic and non-discriminatory solutions to diversity-related issues. Through an examination of recent changes in the diversity policies of Istanbul and the emerging governance arrangements, this paper uncovers the conflicts and the mismatches that exist between the highly politicised discourses, policies and practices, and explores how different types of governance arrangements bring new arenas of expression to the diverse groups.

The interpersonal function of clefts in English and Swedish

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Herriman
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Gap ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cleft Constructions

Seen from an interpersonal perspective, within the framework of Appraisal (Martin and White 2005), cleft constructions in English and Swedish function in the system of Engagement as a heteroglossic rhetorical device by which speakers and writers negotiate an authorial position for themselves while implicitly acknowledging the existence of alternative positions. The cleft clause opens up the utterance to heteroglossic negotiation by representing one of its clause elements as a semantic gap. The identity of the semantic gap is then identified by the clefted constituent in the superordinate clause. It-clefts and reversed wh-clefts have different clefting possibilities in English and Swedish, which means that it-clefts and reversed wh-clefts are used to negotiate different types of authorial positions.

scholarly journals Mapping the methodologies of the craft sciences in Finland, Sweden and Norway

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirpa Kokko ◽  
Gunnar Almevik ◽  
Harald C. Bentz Høgseth ◽  
Pirita Seitamaa-Hakkarainen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Academic Communities ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Academic System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Research And Education

The craft sciences have emerged as a field of academic research in Finland, Sweden and Norway since the early 1990s. In Finland, craft research has examined various aspects of crafts using a multidisciplinary approach, adapting a range of methods from other academic disciplines according to the research topic. Another source has been the schools of domestic sciences in which craft research has been a recognized field. In Sweden and Norway, craft research has developed strongly in architectural conservation and cultural heritage with a focus on traditional craftsmanship and the performative elements of intangible cultural heritage. This article offers an overview of the developments and progress of the field of craft sciences in these countries, including its methodological approaches, with a focus on Ph.D. theses. Through mapping recurrent methodological approaches, the following categories were derived: craft reconstruction, craft interpretations, craft elicitation, craft amplification and craft socialization. The aim of the classification, and the model derived from it, is to help researchers and students understand better how different types of knowledge relate to different research methods and apply them within their own research. The purpose of the research is to create a common infrastructure for research and education in order to connect and strengthen the dispersed academic communities of craft research and to establish craft science as a formally recognized discipline within the academic system.

Peace after Revolutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 380-399
Author(s):  
Sandra Pogodda
Keyword(s):  
State Formation ◽  
Conflict Studies ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Peace And Conflict Studies ◽  
Peace And Conflict ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Liberal Peacebuilding

This chapter investigates how liberal peacebuilding has responded to and intervened in the revolutionary processes that unfolded in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings. In particular, it focuses on the tensions between the liberal peace’s orthodox and emancipatory strands by asking: Which role has liberal peacebuilding been playing in the postuprising period? Does it help or hinder revolutionary agency in the Arab region? By trying to understand different types of continuous revolutionary agency (here called “everyday state formation”), the chapter aims to close a gap in peace and conflict studies’ local turn. It argues that the disjunctures between revolutionary agency and liberal peacebuilding interventions run so deep in some areas that the latter risk appearing as counterrevolutionary practices.

Jane Austen’s Comic Vision and Her Use of Irony

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Priydarshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Jane Austen ◽  
Basic Feature ◽  
Verbal Irony ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Different Types

Irony in its broadest sense, is a rhetorical device, literary technique, or event in which what on the surface appears to be the case or to be expected differs radically from what is actually the case. In other words, the basic feature of irony is a contrast between reality and appearance. It can be categorized into different types, including verbal irony, dramatic irony and situational irony. These types of ironies are often used for emphasis in the assertion of a truth. Jane Austen uses all these ironies in her novels to show the comic vision of her life. She has used it as a neutral discoverer and explorer of incongruities.

Track Two Diplomacy: The Way Forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Peter Jones
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Local Ownership ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
More Care ◽  
The Way

Abstract The articles in this issue present a wide range of findings. First, the field continues to grapple with definitional issues: different types of projects aimed at different outcomes and audiences. More care needs to be given by each dialogue to define rigorously what it is trying to do and why. Second, fundamental lessons have emerged over the past six decades, which must be learned and observed by those active in this field, even as they seek to push the boundaries of theory and practice. Third, while it is generally agreed that the field must become more inclusive, both in terms of people and interests, and also in terms of encouraging local ownership and more transformative projects, a one-size-fits-all approach will not work; each dialogue should be viewed as unique. Finally, the field is a dynamic and evolving one. What seems to be best practice today may not be so tomorrow.

scholarly journals The Rise of Rightwing Populism in Europe and the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winston P. Nagan ◽  
Samantha R. Manausa
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Mass Communications ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Election Meddling

Building off of recent scholarship that has already addressed and debated the myriad causes of the contemporary rise of global populism, the authors seek to explore conceptually the inherent dynamic between identity and mass communications that enables such factors, among others, as economic inequality, systematic corruption by the “elite”, or dissatisfaction with neoliberal politics, to motivate populist trends on a global level. The authors seek to strengthen the current understanding of this trend by providing a deeper theoretical explanation for how identity and mass communications have contributed to the international political dynamic that we live in today. The authors will first provide a brief review of relevant recent scholarship on the aforementioned factors seen to be the cause of the current populism trend. They will follow by examining the history of political and group identities in order to identify the ways in which these identities form the building blocks for nationalism and xenophobia, consequences of the rise of rightwing populism. Next, the authors will explain the methods by which people or groups utilize communication to influence others and achieve power. This will include an in-depth discussion of the historical value of narratives and modern communications theories. This will provide a foundational understanding for the final section, in which the authors discuss modern techniques for influencing narratives and effectively communicating to achieve power, including different types of hacking and election-meddling. Ultimately the authors advocate for the strategic utilization of narratives to promote compassion and affection, given the lethality of a future dominated by misinformation and international interference in the democratic process.

scholarly journals A Stylistic Study of Repetition and Ideology in Political Discourse: Donald Trump as a Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muayyad Omran Chiad ◽  
Azhar Hassan Sallomi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Rhetorical Device ◽  
Different Types

The challenging debates including the political one witness the presence of many ways conveying related views but not totally similar .Repetition is one of these variants which play an essential role in communication as speakers embrace a particular strategy in their choice to accomplish certain tasks. This paper investigates the phenomenon of repetition, its individualities, categories, the motives behind the manifestation of its different types, and the ideological function in the political discourse of Donald Trump, the president of the United States. Both Kemertelidze and Manjavidze’s (2013) model and van Dijk’s (1988) ideological square are adopted to identify the sorts of repetition and ideology accessible in Trump speeches. Thus, repetition in the present study does not only refer to its role as a stylistic cohesive device, but also to its function as a rhetorical device that carries a definite ideology to the audience . The paper reveals that Trump tends to use repetition and specifically anaphora and epiphora as he realizes well how such forms enhance the rhythmic blend of speech owing to the development of intonation and sound uniqueness at initial or final position of a sentence. Additionally, Trump intends consciously to repeat a word, a phrase, and even a sentence to accomplish goals like illumination, prominence, persuasion, warning, making a point memorable, and creating cohesion .Using such a vital instrument , he succeeds to have his own effect or authority  upon listeners, manipulate them, and  accordingly form an attitude.

Creative Problem Solving in Online Innovation Contests

2020 ◽  
pp. 239-264
Author(s):  
Rolf K. Baltzersen
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Motivational Factor ◽  
Creative Problem Solving ◽  
The Core ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Creative Problem ◽  
Problem Solvers ◽  
Motivational Typology

Online innovation contests represent one of the most interesting new ways of utilizing creative skills in the new collaborative economy, but we still know very little about what motivates the problem solvers. Previous studies suggest that the economic reward is not the only motivational factor, but there are many other motives too. The aim of this research study is to identify the core motivational dimensions based on the experiences of top solvers in three different types of online innovation contests. The empirical findings are used to construct a motivational typology for creative problem solving that can guide future research.

On compositional modelling

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEROEN KEPPENS ◽  
QIANG SHEN
Keyword(s):  
Difficult Problem ◽  
System Model ◽  
Problem Solver ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Inference Mechanism ◽  
Consistent System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
System Components ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Problem Solvers

Many solutions to AI problems require the task to be represented in one of a multitude of rigorous mathematical formalisms. The construction of such mathematical models forms a difficult problem which is often left to the user of the problem-solver. This void between problem-solvers and their problems is studied by the eclectic field of automated modelling. Within this field, compositional modelling, a knowledge-based methodology for system-modelling, has established itself as a leading approach. In general, a compositional modeller organises knowledge in a structure of composable fragments that relate to particular system components or processes. Its embedded inference mechanism chooses the appropriate fragments with respect to a given problem, instantiates and assembles them into a consistent system model. Many different types of compositional modeller exist, however, with significant differences in their knowledge representation and approach to inference. This paper examines compositional modelling. It presents a general framework for building and analysing compositional modellers. Based on this framework, a number of influential compositional modellers are examined and compared. The paper also identifies the strengths and weaknesses of compositional modelling and discusses some typical applications.

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