Towards a cultural model of qi in TCM

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Chinese Philosophy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Pathogenic Factor ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Conceptual Network ◽  
Substance Origin

Abstract This paper aims to construct a cultural model of qi in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) by probing into its conceptual metaphors based on a contextualized semantic analysis of qi in Huang Di’s Inner Classic (HDIC). It is found that there are eight conceptual metaphors of qi, each involving experiential correlation between source and target concept. To be specific, cause for effect builds up a major metonymic basis for the metaphorical mappings from the source concept of qi (i.e., substance) to the target concepts, including physiological function, breathing, climate, pathogenic factor, disease/syndrome, odor, property of drugs and time. It is worth special noting that time is understood in terms of the motion of qi in TCM. The conceptual metaphor time is qi is Chinese culture-specific. On the whole, conceptual metaphors of qi form a conceptual network and further constitute a cultural model: qi as the substance origin of human life is believed in TCM to function by ceaseless motion, giving rise to wellness or illness. This cultural model reflects a pair of inseparable concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy, viz. substance and (its) function, with the former being primary, essential and original, while the latter, secondary, concomitant and derivational.

scholarly journals Conceptual Metaphor about Corona Virus: Cognitive Semantic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Irzam Sarif S ◽  
Yuyu Yohana Risagarniwa ◽  
Nani Sunarni
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Scale Space ◽  
Press Conference ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Cognitive Semantic ◽  
Conceptual Meaning

Abstract. Conceptual metaphors are the result of mental construction, conceptualization of the experience of human life. In Japanese, metaphorical features are often found in conveying information so that information can be easily understood. This study aimed to describe the conceptual metaphors found at the Japanese Prime Minister's Press Conference, Shinzo Abe on March 14 and 28, 2020 through the official website kantei.go.jp. The research method used was descriptive qualitative analysis. Data were collected by taking text that contained metaphorical elements and then selected. Data selection was based on the basic principle of metaphor, which was the mapping from the source domain to the target domain. Then the data were classified based on the type of metaphor by Lakoff and Johnson and the type of image scheme by Cruse and Croft. Based on the study done, there were three types of conceptual metaphors, 1) Structural metaphors with conceptuals meaning of enemy, medical treatment, control, and mind; 2) Orientational metaphors with conceptual meaning of disadvantage, and approval; 3) Ontological metaphors with conceptuals meaning of finance, and emotion. In addition, there were also six types of image schemes, namely the image scheme of Strength, Existence, Identity, Scale, Space, and Unity.Keywords: Conceptual Meaning, Press Conference, Cognitive Semantic, Image Scheme

Oneness and Spontaneity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Ivanhoe
Keyword(s):  
Moral Agency ◽  
Chinese Philosophy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Philosophy Today ◽  
Early Chinese Philosophy ◽  
Important Objective

This chapter elaborates on the connections between oneness, moral agency, and spontaneity by distinguishing between two general kinds of spontaneity: untutored spontaneity, which is characteristic of traditions such as Daoism, and cultivated spontaneity, representative of traditions such as Confucianism. This discussion intersects with oneness on the matter of “metaphysical comfort,” the sense of oneness, harmony, and happiness that one experiences when acting or reacting spontaneously, on either the untutored or cultivated model. Daoists argued quite plausibly that this experience goes hand in hand with certain kinds of untutored spontaneity, but an important objective of the chapter is to show that even cultivated spontaneity can provide the same comfort. The chapter makes the case that both forms of spontaneity are familiar, though largely unrecognized, in all forms of human life and that the descriptions provided, inspired by early Chinese philosophy, offer important theoretical resources for philosophy today.

Sacredness in the Bible and Chinese Cultures

2021 ◽  
pp. 556-572
Author(s):  
Chan Tak-Kwong
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Chinese Philosophy ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Three Stages

This article is an introduction to the meaning of sacredness in the Bible and the Chinese culture, ending with a synthesis of the concept. The methodology of this article consists of biblical studies, Chinese philosophy, and religious studies. What is particular to this article are the three stages of development of sacredness in the Bible, as well as the idea of sacredness as transformation according to the nature ordained by Heaven (Confucianism) or as a modeling after the nature of Dao (Daoism) in the Chinese culture. The finding of this study is to confirm that, despite different interpretations, both the biblical and the Chinese traditions would agree that each human being is destined to be a sacred or a divine person.

The lyric oeuvre of Afanasy Fet and Chinese idyllic poems

2021 ◽  
pp. 222-232
Author(s):  
Zh. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
Chinese Poetry ◽  
Classical Chinese ◽  
Classical Chinese Poetry ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Chinese Texts ◽  
The Ancient Chinese ◽  
Light And Shadow

There are compelling similarities between Afanasy Fet’s lyric poetry and classical Chinese lyric poetry. This connection is traced in the article with specific examples. Fet, carried away by the ideas of Schopenhauer, argued that thepoetic feeling lives in every person and can be called the sixth and highest feeling. In classical Chinese poetry, the Confucian concept of ‘the sense of things,’ the Taoist formula ‘words and forms’ and the idea of the unity of man and nature played an important role. With characteristic fixation of subtle changes of light and shadow, with the transmission of flushed feelings, Fet’s oeuvre reminds the readers of the ancient Chinese lyric poetry. Like classic Chinese texts, Fet’s poems are textbooks where the idea of the unity of man and nature is developed. In both Chinese poetry and Fet’s works, human life goes into natural life, gaining eternity in the nature. As a result, although Fet was not familiar with Chinese culture, the intuitions that fed his work surprisingly coincided with pictorial techniques as a way of conveying emotion in classical Chinese poetry, separated from him by many centuries.

TREND ANALYSIS IN AGEING AND ICT RESEARCH

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loo Yow Cherng ◽  
Nurul Hashimah Ahamed Hassain Malim ◽  
Manmeet Mahinderjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Computational Technique ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Ageing ◽  
Ageing Phenomenon

The population of the elderly is growing rapidly and become a major concern in twentieth- century. The impact of this global ageing phenomenon is significant to the human life in all aspect including social, political and economic of all social class. The implementation of ICT application can help to cope with this phenomenon and improve the quality of life of the elderly. This study aims to perform a bibliometric analysis on the field of ageing and ICT to reveal the trend of research and technologies related in the recent years. Bibliometric information such as keywords and number of publication is extracted from the search result of online publication databases and then further analyzed using computational technique such as growth rate analysis and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) to identify the relationship and the growth of the information extracted. The outcome is a set of terms that are grouped and ranked according to their relevance and growth in the recent year. This result can then provide a brief understanding on the trend of ageing and ICT for the researchers that wish to research on this field.

scholarly journals Corpus-Based Syntactic-Semantic Graph Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 957-996
Author(s):  
Benedikt Perak ◽  
Tajana Ban Kirigin
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Relatedness ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Graph Analysis ◽  
Sense Disambiguation ◽  
Conceptual Network ◽  
Community Detection Algorithm ◽  
Semantic Domains

This research exemplifies the corpus-based graph approach to the syntactic-semantic analysis of a concept feeling using the Construction Grammar Conceptual network methodology. by constructing a lexical network from grammatically tagged collocations of the english and the Croatian web corpora, the structure of the semantic domains is revealed as a set of sub-graphs derived from the source lexeme’s friend-of-a-friend graph. the subgraph structures, calculated with the community detection algorithm, are interpreted as the semantic domains associated with the source lexeme’s conceptual matrix. lexical structures are analyzed using a centrality algorithm that determines the overall rank of the salience and semantic relatedness to the source concept feeling. this empirical approach can be used for developing nlP methods and tasks, such as computing semantic similarity, sense disambiguation, sense structuring, as well as for comparative corpus and cross-cultural studies. ConGraCnet has a web application on the page <a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://emocnet.uniri.hr/congracnet">http://emocnet.uniri.hr/congracnet</a>.

Heart and Cognition in Ancient Chinese Philosophy

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Yu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Chinese Philosophy ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Political ◽  
Conceptual Mapping ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Mental Power

AbstractFollowing the theory of conceptual metaphor in cognitive linguistics, this paper studies a predominant conceptual metaphor in the understanding of the heart in ancient Chinese philosophy: THE HEART IS THE RULER OF THE BODY. The most important conceptual mapping of this metaphor consists in the perceived correspondence between the mental power of the heart and the political power of the ruler. The Chinese heart is traditionally regarded as the organ of thinking and reasoning, as well as feeling. As such, it is conceptualized as the central faculty of cognition. This cultural conceptualization differs fundamentally from the Western dualism that upholds the reason-emotion dichotomy, as represented by the binary contrast between mind and heart in particular, and mind and body in general. It is found that the HEART AS RULER metaphor has a mirror image, namely THE RULER IS THE HEART OF THE COUNTRY. The ruler as the "heart" of the country leads his nation while guided by his own heart as the "ruler" of his body. It is argued that the two-way metaphorical mappings are based on the overarching beliefs of ancient Chinese philosophy in the unity and correspondence between the microcosm of man and the macrocosm of universe. It is suggested that the conceptualization of the heart in ancient Chinese philosophy, which is basically metaphorical in nature, is still spread widely across Chinese culture today.

The Dark Koran: A Semantic Analysis of the Koranic Darknesses (ẓulumāt) and their Metaphorical Usage

Arabica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 185-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanne Louise Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor

Darkness (ẓulumāt) as a Koranic literary image has not been systematically analyzed, even though it is connected to fundamental Koranic topics such as understanding, salvation and the omniscience of God. The aim of this article is to argue for a close reading of the occurrences of ẓulumāt in the Koran and to discuss their metaphorical usage. By joining cognitive metaphor theories with the Koranic material, the article contributes to a new understanding of how and why modes of darkness are applied in the Koran. In the article, I argue for a six-fold classification of the occurrences, in which the utilization of particularly two conceptual metaphors, a mental state is darkness and protection is darkness appear. The former is employed to explain the imperative difference between belief and unbelief through the binary pair of darkness and light, whereas the latter is chosen to elucidate the omniscience of the Koranic God.

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