Conjunctions and clause linkage in Australian languages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellison Luk ◽  
Jean-Christophe Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Similar Function ◽  
Major Category ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Australian Languages

Abstract This study analyses the role of conjunctions in clause linkage in Australian languages. Conjunctions are seemingly straightforward clause-linking devices, but they remain under-studied, both for Australian languages and from a broader typological perspective. In this study, we propose a functional definition of conjunctions, as set against other resources for clause linkage. We show that this captures not just the prototypical free-standing elements (the equivalents of if, because, but etc.), but also various types of bound markers with a similar function (bound to clause-scoping positions or predicates). We survey the role of conjunctions in a representative sample of 53 Australian languages, showing that they are not a marginal clause linkage resource in Australia, as seems to be assumed in the relevant literature, but often form a major category within clause linkage systems. We also identify a number of areal patterns, based on the size of conjunction inventories and their morphosyntactic features.

A Study of Engagement with Reference to Teachers’ Role in Engaging Learners in EFL Classes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Hussein A. Ahmed ◽  
Hawar Sh. Mohammed Salih
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Cultural Engagement ◽  
Institutional Practice ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Broad Level ◽  
Point Of Departure

Learners’ engagement is widely acknowledged, theorized and researched as a salient source of impact on learners’ achievement at all educational levels. As such, it has been extensively probed so as to be better realized and soundly applied to the relevant domains. This research accounts broadly, in the first place, for the definition of engagement side by side with its nature and importance. It then reviews the four dominant perspectives of engagement, namely the behavioural perspective that highlights both learners’ behaviour and institutional practice; the psychological perspective that identifies engagement as learners’ psycho-social process; the socio-cultural perspective with focus on the role of context, and the holistic perspective that tackles engagement at a broad level. “Types of engagement”, viz intellectual, emotional, behavioural, physical, social, and cultural engagement, is a further point of departure that the current research endeavours to present and enlarge upon. Additionally, this research attends to teachers’ role in engaging learners by introducing a set of strategies/techniques used by teachers to engage learners in the ongoing tasks and activities. The research ends with a number of concluding points that are derived from the relevant presented relevant literature.

scholarly journals Action representations in robotics: A taxonomy and systematic classification

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 518-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Zech ◽  
Erwan Renaudo ◽  
Simon Haller ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Justus Piater
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Action Execution ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Current State ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Action Representations

Understanding and defining the meaning of “action” is substantial for robotics research. This becomes utterly evident when aiming at equipping autonomous robots with robust manipulation skills for action execution. Unfortunately, to this day we still lack both a clear understanding of the concept of an action and a set of established criteria that ultimately characterize an action. In this survey, we thus first review existing ideas and theories on the notion and meaning of action. Subsequently, we discuss the role of action in robotics and attempt to give a seminal definition of action in accordance with its use in robotics research. Given this definition we then introduce a taxonomy for categorizing action representations in robotics along various dimensions. Finally, we provide a meticulous literature survey on action representations in robotics where we categorize relevant literature along our taxonomy. After discussing the current state of the art we conclude with an outlook towards promising research directions.

scholarly journals Training in the Application of Translation Strategies for Undergraduate Scientific Translation Students

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria González Davies ◽  
Christopher Scott-Tennent ◽  
Fernanda Rodríguez Torras
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Regular Work ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Experimental Training

Abstract A research project2 was recently carried out consisting of the following stages: 1. Finding out what was previously known or hypothesised about the role of strategies in the translation process by reviewing the relevant literature. 2. Deciding on an operative definition of translation strategies. 3. Selecting 3 types of problems to give experimental training in the application of strategies to solve them. 4. Designing a theoretically optimal course, by considering relevant pedagogical literature, to give pre-service training in the application of these strategies. 5. Carrying out an empirical study to observe, measure and analyse the effects of such a course. A full report on this study is to be found in Investigating Translation (John Benjamins, 1999). On conclusion of the study, it was found that the experimental course had been perceived as satisfactory by all the participants, and clearly increased the frequency and effectiveness of trainees' application of target strategies. It was also found that this had significantly improved the quality of target texts, according to external raters. Subsequently, the teacher of this experimental course has spontaneously continued to include this type of training in her regular work. Other colleagues have also undertaken similar experiences and expressed their positive evaluation of them. The aim of this present article is to report more fully on the methodology which was followed in the experimental course. This could provide a useful starting point for discussion for those teachers who would like to experiment with this type of training in their own classes.

Challenges of Fear Conditioning Research in the Age of RDoC

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina B. Lonsdorf ◽  
Jan Richter
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Future ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Research Domain

Abstract. As the criticism of the definition of the phenotype (i.e., clinical diagnosis) represents the major focus of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, it is somewhat surprising that discussions have not yet focused more on specific conceptual and procedural considerations of the suggested RDoC constructs, sub-constructs, and associated paradigms. We argue that we need more precise thinking as well as a conceptual and methodological discussion of RDoC domains and constructs, their interrelationships as well as their experimental operationalization and nomenclature. The present work is intended to start such a debate using fear conditioning as an example. Thereby, we aim to provide thought-provoking impulses on the role of fear conditioning in the age of RDoC as well as conceptual and methodological considerations and suggestions to guide RDoC-based fear conditioning research in the future.

Business Model Literature Overview

2014 ◽  
pp. 79-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ales Novak
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Business Logic ◽  
Literature Overview ◽  
Ifrs 9 ◽  
Definition Of

The term ?business model' has recently attracted increased attention in the context of financial reporting and was formally introduced into the IFRS literature when IFRS 9 Financial Instruments was published in November 2009. However, IFRS 9 did not fully define the term ‘business model'. Furthermore, the literature on business models is quite diverse. It has been conducted in largely isolated fashion; therefore, no generally accepted definition of ?business model' has emerged. Therefore, a better understanding of the notion itself should be developed before further investigating its potential role within financial reporting. The aim of this paper is to highlight some of the perceived key themes and to identify other bases for grouping/organizing the literature based on business models. The contributions this paper makes to the literature are twofold: first, it complements previous review papers on business models; second, it contains a clear position on the distinction between the notions of the business model and strategy, which many authors identify as a key element in better explaining and communicating the notion of the business model. In this author's opinion, the term ‘strategy' is a dynamic and forward-looking notion, a sort of directional roadmap for future courses of action, whereas, ‘business model' is a more static notion, reflecting the conceptualisation of the company's underlying core business logic. The conclusion contains the author's thoughts on the role of the business model in financial reporting.

The Role of Moral Education on the Dress Code in the Higher Learning Institution

Sains Insani ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ira Meilita Ibrahim ◽  
Taufik A. Latif ◽  
Afi Roshezry Abu Bakar ◽  
Muthualagan Thangavelu
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Private University ◽  
Public University ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of

The advancement of European dress to the rest of the world was linked to the definition of civilization as “a stage of social development considered to be more advanced” and “polite and good-mannered”. The widespread of their fashion style in the 19th and 20th centuries influenced the way the rest of the world attire. The fashion trend and dressing style thus change the purpose of dressing through time. The dressing style in campuses especially in private institutions of higher learning is under particular scrutiny, as it is often said to be inappropriate for a learning environment. This study looked at the importance of moral education, and its role in implementing the dress code for students among university students especially between two types of university i.e. public university and private university. It looked on the dressing style of students, both male and female, and the factors that lead to their dressing pattern which is common among students. This study also advocated the students’ understanding of the content of dress codes in their learning institution and the role played by moral education in regard to dress code. The overall study highlighted students’ perception towards the implementation of the dress code and punishment in their learning institution. The methodologies used to carry out this study are questionnaires and interviews. This study will therefore ascertain the important of dress code among students at higher learning institution and the role of moral education in cultivating values in order to dress properly or decently. Key Words: moral education, dress code, higher learning institution, civilization.

Two Representations of the Moscow Art Theater Audience

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-476
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Ushkarev ◽  
Galina G. Gedovius ◽  
Tatyana V. Petrushina
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Demographic Parameters ◽  
Cultural Consumption ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Behavioral Differences ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
Definition Of

The technological revolution of recent decades has already brought art to the broadest masses, and the unexpected intervention of the pandemic has significantly accelerated the process of migration of theatrical art to the virtual space, causing the corresponding dynamics of the audience. What is the theater audience in the era of digitalization and the spread of alternative forms of cultural consumption? How does the theater build its relationship with the audience today? In search of answers, we conducted a series of sociological surveys of the Chekhov Moscow Art Theater’s audience — both at the theater’s performances and in the online community of its fans. The purpose of this phase of the study was to answer the fundamental questions: do spectators surveyed in the theater and those surveyed online represent the same audience; what are their main differences; and what are the drivers of their spectator behavior? The article presents the main results of a comparative analysis of two images of the Moscow Art Theatre’s audience based on a number of content parameters by two types of surveys, as well as the results of a regression analysis of the theater attendance. The study resulted in definition of the qualitative and behavioral differences between the theater visitors and the viewers surveyed online, and identification of the factors of theater attendance for both of the represented audience groups. The study made it possible to clarify the role of age and other socio-demographic parameters in cultural activity, as well as the influence of preferred forms of cultural consumption (live contacts or online views) on one’s attitude to art, motivation and spectator behavior. The conclusions of the study, despite the uniqueness of the object, reflect the general patterns of the modern art audience’s dynamics.

DIGITAL ECONOMY AND GLOBALIZATION: THE IMPORTANCE OF DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Farxod Tursunov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
New Business ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Digital Enterprise ◽  
New Business Models ◽  
Digital Entrepreneurship

The article discusses the role of the digital economy in the development of the country, how it becomes the basis of the economy, new business models and management systems. The opinion of scientistsis analyzed, a definition of a digital enterprise is given

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