Size and Alkaloid Content of Seeds in Induced Autotetraploids of Datura innoxia, Datura stramonium and Hyoscyamus niger

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Strahil Berkov
Keyword(s):  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Hyoscyamus Niger

scholarly journals Changes in germination ability during genebank storage at some medicinal plant seeds belonging to the Solanaceae family

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Hyoscyamus Niger ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Solanaceae Family

In the present work we have examined the changes of germination ability of some medicinal plant species belonging to the Solanaceae family (Datura stramonium L., Datura innoxia Mill. and Hyoscyamus niger L.) during 5-6 years' storage period. According to our results, all the three species showed an after-ripening behavior. Potassium nitrate and gibberellic acid increased significantly the rate of germination in the case of Datura species. During the storage period tested (1995-2001), the species maintained their germination ability which is favourably but not significantly influenced by the cooled gene bank conditions. The degree of ripeness affected considerably the proportion of germinated seeds at all the three species. As a consequence of our results we emphasise that propagation with completely ripe seeds is proposed, however, half-ripe seeds developped in an unadvantageous vegetation period can be also utilized in the practice. The effect of vegetation year on stramony seeds manifested in the length of after-ripening period, while in the case of henbane the germination ability was also influenced.

scholarly journals PHENYLPROPANOIDS AND FATTY ACIDS LEVELS IN ROOTS AND LEAVES OF DATURA STRAMONIUM AND DATURA INNOXIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Bilal Rahmoune ◽  
Izzeddine Zakarya Zerrouk ◽  
Abdelkader Morsli ◽  
Madjda Khelifi Slaoui ◽  
Lakhdar Khelifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Fatty Acids Composition ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
Leaves And Roots

Objective: The aim of this research was to determine and compare phenylpropanoids and fatty acids composition in two plant species, Datura innoxia and Datura stramonium.Methods: Phenylpropanoids and fatty acids composition in leaves and roots extracted from Datura innoxia and Datura stramonium, grown under greenhouse conditions, was analyzed by gas chromatography–electron impact/time of flight-mass spectrometry (GC-EI/TOF-MS) chromatography techniques. Analyses were carried out at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology of Golm (Germany).Results: We revealed that Datura stramonium (DS) contains hydroxy-hexanedioic acid while hexanoic acid was found in Datura innoxia (DI). Also, two fatty acids are common to both Datura species, hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid, with an almost equal rate between leaves and roots. However, phenylpropanoids composition revealed eight compounds; luteolin, quercetin, trans-caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, cis-caffeic acid, cis-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid, trans-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid and trans-sinapic acid in DI. However, in DS, five compounds were detected: luteolin, quercetin, trans-caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid and dihydroferulic acid. Also in both Datura species, phenylpropanoids concentration in leaves was significantly higher than in the roots.Conclusion: Our results showed a difference in phenylpropanoids and fatty acids compositions between the two Datura species, with a significantly higher concentration of phenylpropanoids in Datura innoxia than in Datura stramonium

Tropine alkaloids production by hairy root cultures of Datura stramonium and Hyoscyamus niger

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mondher Jaziri ◽  
Marc Legros ◽  
Jacques Homes ◽  
Maurice Vanhaelen
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Hairy Root Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Hyoscyamus Niger

scholarly journals Effects of Sowing Date on Some Agronomic Characteristics and Alkaloid Content of Datura Stramonium in Semi-Arid Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
S. Kizil ◽  
Ö. Tonçer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Total Alkaloid ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Thorn Apple ◽  
Total Alkaloid Content ◽  
Herb Yield

Abstract Alkaloids of diferent plant, including many Solanaceae species, constitute important natural sources for variety of pharmaceutical products. The amounts of various secondary plant products are strongly dependent on the growing conditions and agronomical applications such as planting date, fertilization, irrigation etc. The aim of this was to study the effects of sowing date on some agronomic characteristics and total alkaloid content of thorn apple (Datura stramonium), investigated in the environmental conditions from Dicle University, Agricultural Faculty, Field Crops Department experimental area, during 2010 and 2011 growing years. In the research, plant height, stem diameter, number of branches per plant, number of capsule per plant, capsule width, capsule length, 1000-seed weight, fresh herb yield, herba yield, seed yield and total alkaloid content were examined. At the end of the study, in the trial of thorn apple with sowing dates, according to two years mean, seed yield, fresh herb yield, dry herb yield and total alkaloid yield were changed between 335 kg ha−1 and 704 kg ha−1, 5933 and 20537 kg ha−1, 1613 kg ha−1 and 4800 kg ha−1, and 0.270% and 0.391%, respectively. The effect of sowing date was found significant on the investigated characteristics, when sowing delayed, agronomic characteristics were also decreased. The highest values related with seed yield, fresh and dry herbage of thorn apple were obtained sowing of 01 Apr. Moreover, thorn apple plant showed morphogenetic variation when compared leaf and seed alkaloid contents.

scholarly journals Effects of gamma irradiation on the alkaloid content in seeds of Datura stramonium and the radiosensitivity of derived seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-540
Author(s):  
Nabila Benslimani ◽  
Madjda Khelifi-Slaoui ◽  
Abdelkader Morsli ◽  
Amar Djerrad ◽  
Ezz Al-Dein Al-Ramamneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Tropane Alkaloids ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Hyoscyamus Niger ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Solanaceae Family

Tropane alkaloids are a group of secondary metabolites occurring naturally in Solanaceae family as Atropa belladona, Datura stramonium, Mandragora officinalis, and Hyoscyamus niger. These molecules have valuable therapeutic applications, for example, atropine and hyoscyamine are utilized as antimuscarinic besides being stomach and intestinal diseases drugs. Plants of the Solanaceae family can provide a natural yet less expensive source of these compounds. Hitherto, in order to emphasize these metabolites biosynthesis, D. stramonium seeds were irradiated using a cobalt-60 source of gamma rays of 5 to 80 Gy and germinated in vitro on MS medium in growth controlled chamber. Mutagenesis of D. stramonium seeds was attempted aiming at obtaining plants from in vitro source that are genetically variable for enhancing the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids. Results indicated that D. stramonium seeds exhibited a good radiosensitivity and the mutagen damage index GR (30-50) for D. stramonium was determined at 80 Gy. The Characterization of alkaloids (Atropine and hyoscyamine) was done by infrared spectroscopy which showed that alkaloids content of the irradiated seeds is altered by irradiation as the reference bands were not found with all doses used. In addition, seedlings grown from irradiated in vitro seeds exhibited remarkable morphological variations that varied based on the employed dose of gamma rays. These findings permitted the selection of the optimal irradiation dose (80 Gy) to induce mutations that are likely to prompt changes at genetic and metabolic level of the targeted alkaloids.

Xanthomonas vesicatoria. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Lycium Chinense ◽  
Hyoscyamus Niger ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Leaf Infection ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
Xanthomonas Vesicatoria

Abstract A description is provided for Xanthomonas vesicatoria. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum, and Chilli peppers, Capsicum frutescens; also on Lycopersicon pimpinelifolium, Datura stramonium, Hyoscyamus niger, H. aureus, Lycium chinense, L. halimifolium, Nicotiana rustica, Physalis minima, Solanum dulcamara, S. nigrum, S. rostratum, S. tuberosum, S. melongena. DISEASE: Bacterial scab or spot. The pathogen causes a superficial corky scab of the fruits with irregularly lobed margins and water-soaked halos, a leaf spot or blight and a canker of the stems and petioles. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: U.S.A., Mexico, Canada, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Bermuda, Brazil, Argentina, Hawaii, Australia, Japan, India, China. Israel, Italy, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Rumania, Lithuania, U.S.S.R., Mozambique, South Africa, Southern Rhodesia. (CMI Map 269). TRANSMISSION: On seed and by wind driven rain. Leaf infection occurs through the stomata, fruit infection through wounds. Overwintering in the dead stalks of diseased tomato plants and also survival in rhizospheres of dead plants has been recorded by Peterson (Phytopathology 53: 765-767, 1963) as well as overwintering on wheat roots (25: 479). Fruit symptoms reported to be associated with punctures by Nezara viridula (37: 249).

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