scholarly journals Bone mass in Chinese premenarcheal girls: the roles of body composition, calcium intake and physical activity

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Xueqin Du ◽  
Heather Greenfield ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Guansheng Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Proximal Forearm ◽  
Body Bone

The association of growth and anthropometric characteristics and lifestyle factors with bone mass and second metacarpal radiogrammetry parameters was evaluated in 373 healthy Chinese premenarcheal girls aged 9–11 years. Bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) and bone area (BA) of distal forearm, proximal forearm and total body, bone mineral-free lean (BMFL) mass and fat mass were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Metacarpal bone periosteal and medullary diameters were measured. Dietary intakes were assessed by 7d food record and physical activity (PA) by questionnaire. BMFL and fat mass together explained 6·3 and 51·6% of the variation in total body BMC and BMD, respectively. BMFL mass contributed to a substantial proportion of the variation in forearm BMC and BMD and periosteal diameter (10·4–41·0%). The corresponding BA explained 14·8–80·4% of the variation in BMC. Other minor but significant predictors of total body bone mass were Ca intake, height, age and PA score (BMD only), and of forearm bone mass were PA score, bone age, height and fat mass. Nevertheless, after adjusting for bone and body size and for age or bone age, subjects with Ca intake above the median (417mg/d) had 1·8% greater total body BMC (P<0·001), and subjects with PA scores above the median had 2·4–2·5% greater distal and proximal forearm BMC (P<0·05) than those below. Vitamin D intake negatively associated with medullary diameter (partialR21·7%). The results indicate that premenarcheal girls should be encouraged to optimise nutrition and Ca intake and exercise regularly to achieve maximum peak bone mass.

scholarly journals Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, and Bone Mass in Children and Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M Kindler ◽  
Andrea J Lobene ◽  
Kara A Vogel ◽  
Berdine R Martin ◽  
Linda D McCabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Context Insulin resistance is an adverse health outcome that accompanies obesity. Fat mass is negatively associated with the bone mass after adjustment for confounders. Insulin resistance might be an intermediary in this relationship. Objective To determine whether insulin resistance is an intermediary in the relationship between adiposity and bone mass in adolescents. Design Cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data from a previous randomized trial. Setting University research facility. Participants A total of 240 adolescents (68% female), aged 7 to 15 years. Main Outcome Measures Using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, bone mineral content (BMC), areal bone mineral density, lean mass, and fat mass were measured. Skeletal sites of interest included the total body and lumbar spine (LS). Waist circumference was measured using an anthropometric tape measure. Insulin and glucose were measured in fasting sera, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Path analysis was performed to determine whether the relationship between adiposity and bone was mediated through insulin resistance. Results Fat mass (r = 0.467; P &lt; 0.001) and waist circumference (r = 0.487; P &lt; 0.001) correlated positively with HOMA-IR. Controlling for race, sex, maturation, lean mass, and height, fat mass, waist circumference, and HOMA-IR were negatively associated with LS BMC and total body areal bone mineral density (P &lt; 0.05 for all). Additionally, path models for fat mass (95% CI, −5.893 to −0.956) and waist circumference (95% CI, −15.473 to −2.124) showed a negative relationship with LS BMC via HOMA-IR. Conclusions These results support an intermediary role of insulin resistance in the relationship between adiposity and LS bone mass.

Effect of diet-induced weight loss on total body bone mass

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Compston ◽  
M. A. Laskey ◽  
P. I. Croucher ◽  
A. Coxon ◽  
S. Kreitzman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Total Body Bone Mineral ◽  
Body Bone

1. Total body areal bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in eight women before and 10 weeks after a very-low-calorie diet [405 kcal (1701 kJ)/day]. 2. The mean weight loss of 15.6 kg was accompanied by a statistically significant reduction in total body bone mineral density from 1.205 ± 0.056 to 1.175 ± 0.058 g/cm2 (mean ± sd, P < 0.005). 3. After cessation of the diet, weight gradually increased and by 10 months was similar to baseline values. Total body bone mineral density also increased after stopping the diet and mean values obtained 10 months after the diet did not differ significantly from initial values. Throughout the study total body bone mineral density values in all subjects were well within the range reported for normal subjects. 4. These data indicate that diet-induced weight loss is associated with rapid bone loss, subsequent weight gain being accompanied by increases in bone mass. Further studies are required to establish the clinical significance of these findings and, in particular, the skeletal distribution of bone loss.

scholarly journals Physical Activity in Puberty Is Associated with Total Body and Femoral Neck Bone Mineral Characteristics in Males at 18 Years of Age

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reeli Tamme ◽  
Jaak Jürimäe ◽  
Evelin Mäestu ◽  
Liina Remmel ◽  
Priit Purge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Pubertal Stage ◽  
Mineral Characteristics ◽  
Total Body

Background and objectives: Studies indicate that genetic and lifestyle factors influence optimal bone development. Adaptations in bone mineral characteristics related to physical activity (PA) are most often observed in pre- and peri-puberty. Longitudinal associations between bone mineral accrual and objectively measured PA in puberty are poorly understood. The present study aims to investigate whether pubertal PA at different intensities is related to bone mineral characteristics in individuals at 18 years of age. Materials and Methods: Anthropometrics, pubertal stage, bone age and PA by accelerometer were measured in 88 boys at the mean age of 12.1 (T1), 13.1 (T2), 14.0 (T3) and 18.0 years (T4). Different bone mineral parameters were measured by dual-energy X-ray at T4. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of bone age, body mass and PA characteristics on measured bone mineral parameters at 18 years of age. Results: Total PA in puberty together with mean pubertal body mass predicted 35.5% of total body (TB) bone mineral density (BMD), 43.0% of TB less head (LH) bone mineral content (BMC) and 48.1% of BMC/height in individuals at 18 years of age. Vigorous PA and body mass in puberty predicted 43.2% of femoral neck (FN) BMD; bone age at T1, vigorous PA and body mass in puberty predicted 47.3% of FN BMC at 18 years of age. No associations between pubertal PA levels and lumbar spine bone mineral characteristics in individuals at 18 years of age were found. Conclusions: Physical activity in puberty has a significant impact on bone mineral characteristics in individuals at 18 years of age, with total PA being a significant predictor of TB BMD and TB LH BMC as well as BMC/height, whereas vigorous PA is a significant predictor of FN BMD and FN BMC.

Association between physical activity and bone in children with Prader-Willi syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea T. Duran ◽  
Kathleen S. Wilson ◽  
Diobel M. Castner ◽  
Jared M. Tucker ◽  
Daniela A. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Body Bone

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine if physical activity (PA) is associated with bone health in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS).Participants included 23 children with PWS (age: 11.0±2.0 years). PA, measured by accelerometry, was categorized into light, moderate, vigorous and moderate plus vigorous intensities. Hip, total body minus the head (body), bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) and BMD z-score (BMDModerate PA and select covariates explained the most variance in hip BMC (84.0%), BMD (61.3%) and BMDPA of at least moderate intensity appears important for BMC and BMD in children with PWS.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CALCIUM SNACKING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON TOTAL BODY BONE MINERAL CONTENT IN 4TH AND 5TH GRADE GIRLS

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. S39
Author(s):  
Sudip Bajpeyi ◽  
Eileen Dennis ◽  
Donna Boudreau ◽  
Dennis Jacobsen ◽  
Kris Sorenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Total Body ◽  
5Th Grade ◽  
Total Body Bone Mineral ◽  
Body Bone

Interactive effects of habitual physical activity and calcium intake on bone density in boys and girls

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1203-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann V. Rowlands ◽  
David K. Ingledew ◽  
Sarah M. Powell ◽  
Roger G. Eston
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Vigorous Activity ◽  
Total Body

The purpose of this study was to assess the interactive effects of habitual physical activity (total and vigorous intensity) and calcium intake on bone mineral content (BMC) in prepubertal boys and girls. Seventy-six children, aged 8–11 yr, wore accelerometers for up to 7 days to assess activity. Calcium intake was estimated by a 4-day weighted food diary. BMC and areal density (bone mineral density) were measured at the total body, proximal femur, and femoral neck by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Moderated regression analyses were used to assess the contributions of physical activity (total and vigorous) and calcium intake to BMC, residualized for bone area and body mass. Interactive effects of vigorous activity (≥6 metabolic equivalents) and calcium intake were found at the total body in boys ( b = 2.90 × 10−3) and in girls ( b = 6.58 × 10−3) and at the proximal femur ( b = 9.87 × 10−5) and femoral neck ( b = 2.29 × 10−5; where b is the regression coefficient from final equation) in boys only; residualized BMC was high only if both vigorous activity and calcium intake were high. There were no interactive effects of total activity and calcium intake. This study provides evidence for synergistic action of habitual vigorous activity and calcium intake on bone mass in children. Recommendations for optimizing bone mass should reflect this synergism.

scholarly journals The association between dietary protein intake and bone mass accretion in pubertal girls with low calcium intakes

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Guansheng Ma ◽  
Heather Greenfield ◽  
Kun Zhu ◽  
Xueqin Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Bone Mass Accrual ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Total Body

To assess the association between protein intakes and bone mass accrual in girls, data were analysed for 757 pre-pubertal girls (mean age 10·1 years) in urban Beijing, China, who participated in a 5-year study including 2 years of milk supplementation (intervention groups only) and 3 years of follow-up study. At 0, 12, 24, 48 and 60 months from the baseline, bone mass of the proximal or distal forearm (PF or DF) and total body (TB) was measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; dietary intakes were assessed by a 3-d food record (including two weekdays and one weekend day). Linear mixed models were used and continuous variables were logarithm transformed. The mean longitudinal Ca intake (432–675 mg/d on average) positively influenced bone mineral content (BMC) at TB, PF and DF after controlling for baseline bone mass and other possible confounders. However, negative associations were observed between protein intake (55·9–61·0 g/d on average) and BMC accrual at TB, PF or DF (β = − 1·92, − 10·2 or − 4·82, respectively, P < 0·01) after adjustment. When protein intake was considered according to animal or plant food sources, protein from animal foods, particularly meat, had significant negative effects on BMC accrual at DF or PF after adjustment. It was concluded that higher protein intake, especially from animal foods, appeared to have a negative effect on bone mass accrual in Chinese pubertal girls with low Ca intakes.

COMPARISON OF TOTAL BODY BONE MINERAL, LEAN MASS AND FAT MASS BETWEEN ACTIVE AND INACTIVE POST-MENARCHEAL GIRLS 182

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
H. McKay ◽  
P. Crocker ◽  
R. Faulkner ◽  
D. Bailey ◽  
D. Drinkwater
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Total Body Bone Mineral ◽  
Body Bone
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