scholarly journals Iron solubility compared with in vitro digestion–Caco-2 cell culture method for the assessment of iron bioavailability in a processed and unprocessed complementary food for Tanzanian infants (6–12 months)

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilse Pynaert ◽  
Charlotte Armah ◽  
Susan Fairweather-Tait ◽  
Patrick Kolsteren ◽  
John van Camp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Solubility Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Food Matrices

The Fe solubility test is a commonly used, easy and relatively cheap in vitro tool for predicting Fe bioavailability in food matrices. However, the outcome of a recent field trial comparing the effect on Fe status of Tanzanian infants of processed V. unprocessed complementary foods (CF), with otherwise the same composition, challenged the validity of this test for predicting Fe bioavailability. In the solubility test, significant more soluble Fe was observed in processed compared with unprocessed foods (mean 18·8 (sem 0·21) V. 4·8 (sem 0·23) %; V<0·001). However, in the field trial, no significant difference in Fe status was seen between processed and unprocessed CF groups after 6 months' follow-up. Therefore, twenty-four samples of these CF (twelve processed and twelve unprocessed batches) were analysed in triplicate for Fe availability using an in vitro digestion–Caco-2 cell culture method and results were compared with solubility results. Significantly more soluble Fe was presented to Caco-2 cells in the processed compared with unprocessed samples (mean 11·5 (sem 1·16) V. 8·5 (sem 2·54) % p=0·028), but proportionally less Fe was taken up by the cells (mean 3·0 (sem 0·40)p. 11·7 (sem 2·22) %; p=0·007). As a net result, absolute Fe uptake was lower (not significantly) in processed compared with unprocessed CF (mean 1·3 (sem 0·16) V. 3·4 (sem 0·83) nmol/mg cell protein; p=0·052). These data clearly demonstrate that the Fe solubility test was not a good indicator of Fe bioavailability in these particular food matrices. In contrast, the results of an in vitro Caco-2 model supported the effects observed in vitro.

Use of White Beans instead of Red Beans May Improve Iron Bioavailability from a Tanzanian Complementary Food Mixture

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy G. Lung’aho ◽  
Raymond P. Glahn
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Complementary Food ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Cell Culture Model ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Food Mixture

In the study presented, an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model was used to assess the amount of bioavailable iron from a modified Tanzanian complementary food formulation. The main objective of the study was to determine whether a change from red beans to white beans in the complementary food recipe would improve iron bioavailability from the mixture, as recent studies had indicated that iron bioavailability in white beans is significantly higher compared to that in the colored beans. The white beans had a significantly higher (p<0.0001) amount of ferritin formation (13.54 ng/mg) when compared to all other porridge ingredients including the red beans (2.3 ng/mg), and it is plausible that the complementary food formulated with the white beans may be superior to that formulated with the red beans, with reference to iron bioavailability. The results are important as they suggest that substitution of complementary food ingredients with high anti-nutrient concentrations with those that have lower anti-nutrient concentrations may improve iron bioavailability from complementary food home-recipes.

scholarly journals Iron Bioavailability from Multiple Biofortified Foods Using an In Vitro Digestion, Caco-2 Assay for Optimizing a Cyclical Menu for a Randomized Efficacy Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan M Gannon ◽  
Raymond P Glahn ◽  
Saurabh Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Human Study ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Freeze Dried

ABSTRACT Background Inadequate nutritional status contributes to substantial losses in human health and productivity globally. A multiple biofortified food crop trial targeting iron, zinc, and vitamin A deficiencies among young children and their breastfeeding mothers is being conducted in India. Objective We sought to determine the relative iron bioavailability from biofortified and conventional crops and crop combinations representative of a cyclical menu using crops targeted for inclusion in the feeding trial. Methods Crops were procured from India, cooked, freeze-dried, and analyzed with an established in vitro digestion/Caco-2 iron bioavailability assay using a fixed sample weight. Crop proportions representative of meals planned for the human study were determined and combined such that samples included either all biofortified or all control crops. Crops were analyzed as single crops (n = 4) or crop combinations (n = 7) by variety (biofortified or control) in triplicate. The primary outcome was iron uptake measured by Caco-2 ferritin production normalized to total Caco-2 protein (nanograms of ferritin/milligrams of cell protein) analyzed for effects of crop variety and crop proportion using generalized linear models. Results Biofortified pearl millet alone demonstrated higher iron uptake than conventional varieties (5.01 ± 1.66 vs. 2.17 ± 0.96; P = 0.036). Addition of sweet potato or sweet potato + pulse improved iron uptake for all proportions tested in control varieties and select proportions for biofortified varieties (P ≤ 0.05). Two multiple crop combinations demonstrated modestly higher iron uptake from biofortified crops. Conclusions Optimizing total iron delivery should consider matrix effects, processing, and promoters/inhibitors of iron absorption in addition to total iron concentration. Future directions include evaluating recipes as prepared for consumption and comparison against human iron bioavailability studies.

scholarly journals Lemon Juice, Sesame Paste, and Autoclaving Influence Iron Bioavailability of Hummus: Assessment by an In Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Cell Model

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Doumani ◽  
Isabelle Severin ◽  
Laurence Dahbi ◽  
Elias Bou-Maroun ◽  
Maya Tueni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Model ◽  
Hadamard Matrix ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Iron Bioavailability ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Promising Source

Hummus, an iron-containing plant-based dish mainly made from chickpea purée, tahini, lemon juice and garlic, could be a valuable source of iron when bioavailable. Since the processing and formulation of food influence iron bioavailability, the present study investigated for the first time, their effects on hummus. Firstly, iron bioaccessibility was assessed on eight samples (prepared according to the screening Hadamard matrix) by in vitro digestion preceding iron dialysis. Then, iron bioavailability of four selected samples was estimated by the in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model. Total and dialyzable iron were determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry and ferritin formation was determined using an ELISA kit. Only autoclaving, among other processes, had a significant effect on iron bioaccessibility (+9.5, p < 0.05). Lemon juice had the highest positive effect (+15.9, p < 0.05). Consequently, the effect of its acidic components were investigated based on a full factorial 23 experimental design; no significant difference was detected. Garlic’s effect was not significant, but tahini’s effect was negative (−8.9, p < 0.05). Despite the latter, hummus had a higher iron bioavailability than only cooked chickpeas (30.4 and 7.23 ng ferritin/mg protein, respectively). In conclusion, hummus may be a promising source of iron; further in vivo studies are needed for confirmation.

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