Pueraria phaseoloides (tropical kudzu).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval ◽  
Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
The United States ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Pueraria Phaseoloides ◽  
Subtropical Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Abstract P. phaseoloides is a vigorous fast-growing vine included in the Global Compendium of Weeds (Randall, 2012) and listed as one of the most aggressive weeds invading moist habitats in tropical and subtropical regions (USDA-ARS, 2012). It spreads by seeds and by runners (i.e., stolons) which are structures that enable plants to multiply rapidly and colonize entire forests very fast. This species has been extensively introduced in tropical and subtropical region of the world to be used as forage for livestock, to control soil erosion, and as a soil improvement species (Skerman et al., 1991; Cook et al., 2005). P. phaseoloides has the potential to degrade other plants by smothering them under a solid blanket of leaves, by girdling woody stems and tree trunks, and by breaking branches or uprooting entire trees and shrubs by the strength of its weight. Currently, this species is classified as a "noxious weed" in the United States (USDA-NRCS,2012) and as an invasive species in Costa Rica, Ecuador, Puerto Rico and Pacific Islands including Hawaii, Fiji, French Polynesia, Niue and New Caledonia (Soria et al., 2002; Acevedo-Rodríguez and Strong, 2012; Chacón and Saborio, 2012; PIER, 2012).

The Decolonisation of the Pacific Islands

Itinerario ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Aldrich
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The United States ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
American Samoa ◽  
Caroline Islands ◽  
Foreign Control

At the end of the Second World War, the islands of Polynesia, Melanesia and Micronesia were all under foreign control. The Netherlands retained West New Guinea even while control of the rest of the Dutch East Indies slipped away, while on the other side of the South Pacific, Chile held Easter Island. Pitcairn, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Fiji and the Solomon Islands comprised Britain's Oceanic empire, in addition to informal overlordship of Tonga. France claimed New Caledonia, the French Establishments in Oceania (soon renamed French Polynesia) and Wallis and Futuna. The New Hebrides remained an Anglo-French condominium; Britain, Australia and New Zealand jointly administered Nauru. The United States' territories included older possessions – the Hawaiian islands, American Samoa and Guam – and the former Japanese colonies of the Northern Marianas, Mar-shall Islands and Caroline Islands administered as a United Nations trust territory. Australia controlled Papua and New Guinea (PNG), as well as islands in the Torres Strait and Norfolk Island; New Zealand had Western Samoa, the Cook Islands, Niue and Tokelau. No island group in Oceania, other than New Zealand, was independent.

scholarly journals Risk of COVID-19 importation to the Pacific islands through global air travel

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Craig ◽  
A. E. Heywood ◽  
J. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
East Asian ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The United States ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Importation Risk

Abstract On 30 January 2020, WHO declared coronavirus (COVID-19) a global public health emergency. As of 12 March 2020, 125 048 confirmed COVID-19 cases in 118 countries had been reported. On 12 March 2020, the first case in the Pacific islands was reported in French Polynesia; no other Pacific island country or territory has reported cases. The purpose of our analysis is to show how travellers may introduce COVID-19 into the Pacific islands and discuss the role robust health systems play in protecting health and reducing transmission risk. We analyse travel and Global Health Security Index data using a scoring tool to produce quantitative estimates of COVID-19 importation risk, by departing and arriving country. Our analysis indicates that, as of 12 March 2020, the highest risk air routes by which COVID-19 may be imported into the Pacific islands are from east Asian countries (specifically, China, Korea and Japan) to north Pacific airports (likely Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands or, to a less extent, Palau); or from China, Japan, Singapore, the United States of America or France to south Pacific ports (likely, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, French Polynesia or New Caledonia). Other importation routes include from other east Asian countries to Guam, and from Australia, New Zealand and other European countries to the south Pacific. The tool provides a useful method for assessing COVID-19 importation risk and may be useful in other settings.

The Edinburgh Companion to Virginia Woolf and Contemporary Global Literature

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
East Europe ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
North And South America ◽  
Multiple Languages ◽  
North And South

This book considers the global responses Woolf’s work has inspired and her worldwide impact. The 23 chapters address the ways Woolf is received by writers, publishers, academics, reading audiences, and students in countries around the world; how she is translated into multiple languages; and how her life is transformed into global contemporary biofiction. The 24 authors hail from regions around the world: West and East Europe, the Middle East/North Africa, North and South America, East Asia and the Pacific Islands. They write about Woolf’s reception in Ireland, France, Italy, Germany, Poland, Estonia, Russia, Egypt, Kenya, Mexico, Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, the United States, China, Japan and Australia. The Edinburgh Companion is dialogic and comparative, incorporating both transnational and local tendencies insofar as they epitomise Woolf’s global reception and legacy. It contests the ‘centre’ and ‘periphery’ binary, offering new models for Woolf global studies and promoting cross-cultural understandings.

scholarly journals Russelia equisetiformis (firecracker plant).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Exotic Pest ◽  
Exotic Pest Plant

Abstract Russelia equisetiformis is a shrub that is widely cultivated around the world (PROTA. 2016). It is listed as an invasive and a transformer species in Cuba (Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012). In Oceania it is reported as an invasive species that has escaped from cultivation in Fiji, French Polynesia, Kiribati, New Caledonia, Niue and Palau (PIER, 2016). In Florida it is regarded by Florida's Exotic Pest Plant Council as a category III species; a widespread species that has the potential to form dense monocultures, primarily on disturbed sites (FLEPPC, 1993). It is regarded as a low risk species in Hawaii (Bezona et al., 2009).

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Dengue Type 2 Outbreak in Pacific Islands Countries and Territories, 2017–2020

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
Catherine Inizan ◽  
Olivia O’Connor ◽  
George Worwor ◽  
Talica Cabemaiwai ◽  
Jean-Claude Grignon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Diffusion Pattern

Dengue virus (DENV) serotype-2 was detected in the South Pacific region in 2014 for the first time in 15 years. In 2016–2020, DENV-2 re-emerged in French Polynesia, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia, co-circulating with and later replacing DENV-1. In this context, epidemiological and molecular evolution data are paramount to decipher the diffusion route of this DENV-2 in the South Pacific region. In the current work, the E gene from 23 DENV-2 serum samples collected in Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia was sequenced. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were performed. While all DENV-2 strains sequenced belong to the Cosmopolitan genotype, phylogenetic analysis suggests at least three different DENV-2 introductions in the South Pacific between 2017 and 2020. Strains retrieved in these Pacific Islands Countries and Territories (PICTs) in 2017–2020 are phylogenetically related, with strong phylogenetic links between strains retrieved from French PICTs. These phylogenetic data substantiate epidemiological data of the DENV-2 diffusion pattern between these countries.

Editors’ introduction: Alive and Kicking: French and Francophone Feminisms Now

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-274
Author(s):  
Michèle Schaal ◽  
Adrienne Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Feminist Activism ◽  
Critical Awareness ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
The World ◽  
French And Francophone

This article provides an overview of the diversity of feminist activism throughout the world over the last decade and situates these contributions to a transnational feminist (re)surge(ence) within the context of French and Francophone cultures. This article also offers a synopsis of the seven articles in this special issue, each of which engages with specific aspects of feminisms spanning diverse French and Francophone regions including Algeria, Canada, France, Haiti, Kanaky/New Caledonia, Te Ao Mā’ohi/French Polynesia, and Senegal. These contributors’ articles focus on the work of writers who share a demonstrated commitment to social change or who attest to the power of writing to heal personal and collective trauma, to raise critical awareness of social injustices, to inspire social and political transformations, and to imagine more pro-feminist, expansive, inclusive, and equal societies.

South Pacific Commission

1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-482
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Work Program ◽  
The Pacific

From April 28 to May 7, 1952 the ninth session of the South Pacific Commission was held in Noumea, New Caledonia.1 The session, which was primarily concerned with administrative matters, was under the chairmanship of N. A. J. de Voogd (Netherlands). As a result of agreement by member governments at the eighth session to include Guam and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands within the scope of the Commission, at the ninth session it was agreed unanimously to extend Commission activities to embrace these territories. Assurances of cooperation in Commission activities were given on behalf of both territories by the Acting Senior Commissioner for the United States (Leebrick) and the Secretary of Guam (Herman). Special aspects of its work program were reviewed by the Commission. The printing of two project reports dealing with the area was authorized: one, on economic development of coral atolls covered a survey made for the Commission in 1951 in the Gilbert Islands and the other was concerned with the possibilities of expanding the cacao industry in the area.

The French Pacific Islands: French Polynesia and New Caledonia

1973 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Gordon R. Lewthwaite ◽  
Virginia Thompson ◽  
Richard Adloff
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
French Polynesia

scholarly journals Structure in the variability of the basic reproductive number (R0) for Zika epidemics in the Pacific islands

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Champagne ◽  
David Georges Salthouse ◽  
Richard Paul ◽  
Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau ◽  
Benjamin Roche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Basic Reproductive Number ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Seroprevalence Data

Before the outbreak that reached the Americas in 2015, Zika virus (ZIKV) circulated in Asia and the Pacific: these past epidemics can be highly informative on the key parameters driving virus transmission, such as the basic reproduction number (R0). We compare two compartmental models with different mosquito representations, using surveillance and seroprevalence data for several ZIKV outbreaks in Pacific islands (Yap, Micronesia 2007, Tahiti and Moorea, French Polynesia 2013-2014, New Caledonia 2014). Models are estimated in a stochastic framework with recent Bayesian techniques. R0 for the Pacific ZIKV epidemics is estimated between 1.5 and 4.1, the smallest islands displaying higher and more variable values. This relatively low range of R0 suggests that intervention strategies developed for other flaviviruses should enable as, if not more effective control of ZIKV. Our study also highlights the importance of seroprevalence data for precise quantitative analysis of pathogen propagation, to design prevention and control strategies.

scholarly journals The French Pacific Islands, French Polynesia and New Caledonia

1973 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Virginia Thompson ◽  
Richard Adloff
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
French Polynesia
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