A critical realist approach to systems thinking in evaluation

Pawson and Tilley’s acknowledgment of programs embedded in multiple social systems has gained little traction in realist synthesis and evaluation practice. A practice focusing on fairly closed systems—explaining how programs work and do not work—has emerged. This article negotiates the boundaries of knowledge pertinent to have in program design and evaluation from a realist perspective. It highlights critical realism as another possible response to systems thinking in evaluation. Moving one level up a program, it theorizes about social structures, mechanisms, and causes operating in a complex system within which an education-to-work program is nested. Three implications of the approach are highlighted: it foregrounds the relational nature of social, psychological, and programmatic structures and mechanisms; enables policymakers to develop a broader understanding of structures needed to support a program; and enables program architects to ascertain how a planned program might assimilate and adapt to social structures and mechanisms already established in a context.

Program Pembinaan Al-Qur’an Menuju Generasi Qur’ani di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang

Real Work Lecture (KKN) STIBA Makassar Batch IV in Sidenreng Rappang Regency aims to perform community service as a form of Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi. The method of implementation of the service program begins by mapping the problems and needs of the community using SOAR Analysis. After the analysis is done, the work program is arranged according to the needs of the community. Successful work programs are the Teaching of the Qur'an, Teaching Arabic, Taklim Muslimah and The Festival of the Pious Children. All this work program has been implemented and showed good initial results and will be followed up by Muslimah Wahdah of Sidenreng Rappang Regency.

Khidmat Mahasiswi KKN STIBA Makassar Melalui Pembinaan Qur’ani pada Masyarakat Kelurahan Pettuadae, Kecamatan Turikale, Kabupaten Maros

The purpose of the Real Work Lecture (KKN) of STIBA Makassar Batch IV is to realize community service which is a pillar of “Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi”. The method of implementing this activity is to map the problems and needs first using soar analysis instruments. After analyzing problems and needs, a work program is prepared that is appropriate and needed by the community. Successful work programs are Tahfiz Weekend For Children, Social Services, Funeral Training, and Santri Children's Festival. The result of this activity is to see the enthusiasm of the community, adults and children in every activity. They feel great benefits after participating in various KKN work programs, among which are children able to recite daily prayers and memorize some surahs in the Qur'an, Muslim women also increasingly understand the basics of Islamic science and are determined to keep learning even though this KKN program has ended. In addition, underprivileged communities also feel the benefits by lightening their burdens through social service activities.

Program Daurah Bahasa Arab di Pondok Pesantren Daarul Arqom Batui Kabupaten Luwuk Banggai sebagai Upaya Menyiapkan Generasi Unggul

The purpose of the Real Work Lecture (KKN) of STIBA Makassar Force IV is to improve the skills and cottonistas santri in interpreting the contents of the Qur'an through the Arabic language recycling program at Pondok Pesantren Darul Arqom. The method of implementing this community service program begins by mapping the problems and needs of students using SOAR analysis. After the analysis process is carried out, a work program is prepared that is appropriate and needed by the santri. In addition to carrying out the Arabic language recycling program, KKN students also help teachers in carrying out Teaching and Learning Activities (KBM) in the hut. The result of this PkM is the interest in learning Arabic and the ability of santri in interpreting the content of the Qur'an is getting better.

Program Pengajaran Bahasa Arab bagi Masyarakat di Kelurahan Tahoa Kabupaten Kolaka

The purpose of the Real Work Lecture (KKN) STIBA Makassar Batch IV is as a form of community service which is a pillar of the tridarma of universities, especially in the teaching of Arabic as the main program. The method of implementation of the service program begins by mapping the problems and needs of the community using SOAR analysis. After the analysis is done, a work program is prepared that is appropriate and needed by the community. After the analysis is done, it is prepared a work program that is appropriate and needed by the community. Successful work programs include: Simā'an Hafalan Santri, Social Service, Silaturahmi, Tajwid Science Teaching and Arabic Language Teaching as the main program of KKN STIBA Makassar Students. All these programs managed to run well and have shown results that are in accordance with the objectives of the KKN that have been proclaimed, namely the development of Islamic knowledge, increasing the capacity and reading skills of the Qur'an and the Arabic language of the community.

Pembinaan Keagamaan Masyarakat di Kabupaten Bone Melalui Program KKN Mahasiswi STIBA Makassar

The implementation of The Real Work Lecture (KKN) of students of Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar aims to take a role in helping the Government of Bone Regency of South Sulawesi Province in realizing the mission of mental and spiritual development between religious people and carrying out tri dharma higher education on the pillars of community service. The method of implementing the KKN program begins by observing the condition of the community using SOAR analysis. The work program is carried out both online and offline. Online activities include Taklim Fikih Wanita Pekanan and Kajian Muslimah with the target of Muslim women with a younger age and have the ability to access activities. While offline activities include Bimbingan Islam Intensif and Dirosa with the target of mothers who are unable to access activities through online. The enthusiasm of the community from all activities that have been carried out is quite large and becomes a recommendation so that there are still continued activities for the establishment of built areas.

Program Religius Mahasiswi KKN STIBA Makassar sebagai Upaya Menjaga Eksistensi Muslimah di Kalimantan Barat

The purpose of the Real Work Lecture (KKN) stiba Makassar Batch IV is to improve the ability to read the Qur'an and Islamic insight of Kubu Raya Muslimah. The method of implementation of the service program begins by mapping the problems and needs of the community using SOAR Analysis. After the analysis is done, it is prepared a work program that is appropriate and needed by the community. Successful work programs include: Silaturahim Muslimah, Mahir Bahasa Arab, Tausiah Qur'ani, Daurah 7 Days memorization Juz 30, Daurah Ramadan Muslimah, Social Service, Tarbiah and Tahsin Pekanan and Da'wah Social Media. All these programs managed to run well, community enthusiasm increased and the understanding of community religion is also getting better, and has shown results in accordance with the goals of the KKN that has been proclaimed, maintaining the existence of Muslim women.

Gerakan Literasi Islamiyah Melalui Program Taklim dan Tarbiyah di Kecamatan Tiworo Tengah Kabupaten Muna Barat

The purpose of the Real Work Lecture (KKN) of STIBA Makassar Batch IV is to carry out community service as a pillar of “Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi”. The method of implementation of the service program begins by mapping the problems and needs of the community using SOAR Analysis. After the analysis is done, the work program is arranged according to the needs of the community. The successful work program was Taklim Qur'aniyah Virtual for Youth, Taklim Qur'aniyah Virtual for Mothers, Tarbiyah Qur'aniyah Virtual for Fathers. All these programs have shown significant initial results in accordance with the objectives of the KKN of STIBA Makassar that have been proclaimed, and will be continued by the Department of Dakwah and Cadreization of DPD Wahdah Islamiyah Muna Barat.

PENERAPAN SUPERVISI MANAJERIAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENYUSUN PROGRAM KERJA SEKOLAH DI SMP NEGERI 6 SABANG

This study aims to determine the improvement of the principal's performance in preparing school work programs at SMP Negeri 6 Sabang through managerial supervision. This research technique is School Action Research (PTS) which consists of 2 cycles, each cycle consists of 4 (four) stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects in this study were the principal and the school development team of SMP Negeri 6 Sabang. As for the research results obtained, through the application of managerial supervision has been able to improve the performance of school principals in preparing school work programs. This is known from the final score obtained from the school work program planning instrument. At the end of the pre-cycle the score obtained was 42.5 under category and D predicate. For this reason, coaching and mentoring was carried out so that in cycle I and cycle II the principal and the school development team understood each component of the school work program planning instrument. In the first cycle the final score was 62.5 sufficient category and predicate C. There was an increase in the value of 20 from the pre-cycle to the first cycle. At the end of the second cycle the score was 80 good categories and B predicate. An increase in the value of 18.5 from the first cycle to cycle II. So it can be concluded that the principal and the school development team who are the subjects in this study have performed well in compiling school work programs with good results. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kinerja kepala sekolah dalam menyusun program kerja sekolah di SMP Negeri 6 Sabang melalui supervisi manajerial. Teknik penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) yang terdiri dari 2 siklus, setiap siklus terdiri 4 (empat) tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah dan tim pengembang sekolah SMP Negeri 6 Sabang. Adapun dari hasil penelitian diperoleh, melalui penerapan supervisi manajerial telah dapat meningkatkan kinerja kepala sekolah dalam menyusun program kerja sekolah. Hal ini diketahui dari nilai akhir yang didapat dari instrumen perencanaan program kerja kerja sekolah. Pada akhir pra siklus nilai yang diperoleh sebesar 42,5 katagori kurang dan predikat D. Untuk itu dilakukan pembinaan dan pembimbingan sehingga pada siklus I dan siklus II kepala sekolah dan tim pengembang sekolah memahami setiap komponen pada instrumen perencanaan program kerja sekolah. Pada siklus I nilai akhir adalah 62,5 katagori cukup dan predikat C. Terjadi peningkatan nilai sebesar 20 dari pra siklus ke siklus I. Pada akhir siklus II diperoleh nilai adalah 80 katagori baik dan predikat B. Peningkatan nilai sebesar 18,5 dari siklus I ke siklus II. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan kepala sekolah dan tim pengembang sekolah yang menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini telah memiliki kinerja dalam menyusun program kerja sekolah dengan hasil baik.

From the experience of teaching “Decorative plants of indoor soil”

The work program and ten-year experience of teaching the educational component “Ornamental plants of the closed ground” in Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University for the specialty 206 “Horticulture” of the bachelors level are analyzed. Considerable attention is paid to the practical training of applicants for higher education, in particular, in terms of production — botanical gardens, arboretums, garden centers and greenhouse complexes. The scale of evaluation of the success of higher applicants and the distribution of points by types of work are presented.