Trioza erytreae (African citrus psyllid).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Arengo
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Citrus Greening ◽  
Damage Potential ◽  
Quarantine Pest ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Citrus Huanglongbing ◽  
African Form ◽  
Wild Hosts

Abstract The invasive African psyllid, Trioza erytrea, transmits the causal agent of the African form of citrus huanglongbing (greening) disease, Liberibacter africanum, a very destructive disease of citrus plants. It does this under natural conditions in Africa and the Middle East, and has been shown experimentally to transmit the Asian form, Liberibacter asiaticum. The psyllid itself severely distorts leaves, which become stunted and galled. T. erytreae affects species in the family Rutaceae, occurring on wild hosts as well as on Citrus species. T. erytreae is listed as an A1 quarantine pest by EPPO (OEPP/EPPO, 1988) and is also a quarantine pest for CPPC and OIRSA. The importation of plants for planting and cut branches of citrus from countries where either citrus greening bacterium or either of its vectors occur has been prohibited (OEPP/EPPO, 1990). T. erytreae occurs in Africa and parts of the Middle East but could probably establish and spread in Mediterranean countries without difficulty. Besides its role in citrus greening, the psyllid has itself significant damage potential.

scholarly journals Family Meals, Conviviality and the Mediterranean Diet among Families with Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2499
Author(s):  
Andrea de la Torre-Moral ◽  
Sergi Fàbregues ◽  
Anna Bach-Faig ◽  
Albert Fornieles-Deu ◽  
F. Xavier Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Family Meals ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Family Meal ◽  
Food Pattern ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Meal Composition

Two aspects that characterize the Mediterranean diet (MD) are “what” and “how” we eat. Conviviality relates to “how” we eat and to the pleasure of sharing meals with significant people. The most studied concept is “family meals”, which includes conviviality, which involves “enjoying” family meals. Given the lack of research on convivial family meals in Mediterranean countries, the purpose of this qualitative study was to analyze the family meal representations and practices of families with 12- to 16-year-old adolescents to assess whether they responded to a pattern of conviviality, and to examine their association with MD adherence. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted and food frequency and family meal questionnaires were administered. A food pattern analysis was carried out and digital photos of meals were analyzed to examine eating habits and meal composition, respectively. The findings showed that parents believed family meals are a space for socialization and communication. Items relating to the conviviality of family meals identified in the study were meal frequency, meals at the table, lack of digital distractions, pleasant conversations, and time spent on family meals. Attention should be paid to conviviality in Mediterranean families when designing multi-approach strategies to promote healthy eating among adolescents.

scholarly journals Pułapka współuzależnienia w rodzinie z problemem alkoholowym

2016 ◽  
pp. 141-159
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Błaszczuk
Keyword(s):  
Adult Life ◽  
Family Intervention ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Drinking Problem ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Family Level

A family faced with alcohol de­pendence of its member most often does not take any action to solve the problem. This is mainly due to the lack of knowl­edge about co ­dependency of all people living under one roof with the addict. The spouse/partner as well as children of the addicted individual feel shame as they are blamed by the person abusing alcohol for the situation, and that hin­ders or cripples any attempts to solve the problem. Times of drinking and associat­ed fighting, aggression and violence are interspersed with “honeymoon ­like pe­riods”, so family members are convinced that one day the addiction will end and “things will somehow turn out right”. It is not only the drinking person but also his/her closest relatives who deny there is a problem if the fact is pointed out and confirmed by anyone outside the family. Despite the suffering and damage caused by the lack of the drinking person’s con­cern for his/her family as well as his/her absence and disengagement from the daily routines, the spouse/partner and the children put on “masks” and claim there is no problem. The greatest trag­edy of children living in a family with a drinking problem is the fact that, with­out being aware of it, they continue to play the same roles in their adult life, as ACA. An addicted person may de­cide to stop drinking only if they admit full responsibility for the effects of their own lack of control over drinking which leads to significant damage on a person­al and family level, exposing everyone to suffering and harm. Of great impor­tance in motivating an alcoholic to re­main sober is a short family intervention during a meeting in a group of people significant for the addict. The essence of co ­dependency may be explained using a case study showing the attempts made by a wife trying to justify behaviours of her husband who abuses alcohol.

scholarly journals Population Dynamics of Drosophila suzukii in Coastal and Mainland Sweet Cherry Orchards of Greece

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Stella A. Papanastasiou ◽  
Vasilis G. Rodovitis ◽  
Evmorfia P. Bataka ◽  
Eleni Verykouki ◽  
Nikos T. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
Wild Hosts ◽  
Of Greece

Despite the recent invasion and wide spread of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Europe, little is known regarding its population trends in coastal areas of the southern Mediterranean countries. Using adult trapping and fruit sampling, we studied the population dynamics of D. suzukii in coastal and mainland (semi-highland) cherry orchards of Greece, from 2018 to 2020. Adults were captured in traps baited with apple cider vinegar, placed in conventional and unmanaged sweet-cherry orchards, and in neighbouring wild growing hosts. Sampling of sweet-cherry fruit to assess infestation levels was conducted from early and late-ripening cherry cultivars in both areas. Adults were captured throughout the year in the coastal area with two peaks registered in spring and late-autumn. Captures were nearly zero during the hot summer months. Flight activity exhibited only one peak in autumn at the mainland area, and ceased during winter and spring. Captures in wild hosts were lower during the sweet-cherry ripening period than later in the season. Higher sweet-cherry infestation levels were recorded in the coastal than in the mainland area and in unmanaged than in commercial orchards. Both early and late-ripening cultivars were highly susceptible to D. suzukii infestation in the coastal area. Infestation rates were higher in late-ripening cultivars than in early-ripening ones in the mainland area. We conclude that D. suzukii has well adapted to the Mediterranean climate of Greece, and is able to progressively exploit several crops and wild hosts of mainland and coastal areas.

Filling the gap of whip spider distribution in Asia: Phrynichus persicus sp.n. (Arachnida, Amblypygi), a new Phrynichidae from Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4413 (2) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO SILVA DE MIRANDA ◽  
ALIREZA ZAMANI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle East ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

The whip spider genus Phrynichus (Phrynichidae, Amblypygi) is widely distributed in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and Asia with a total of 17 species. No records, however, are known from several countries in the Middle East. Here we provide the first record of a whip spider from Iran (Ilam Province), with the description and illustration of a new species, Phrynichus persicus sp. n. This discovery fills a gap in the distribution of the group that is known from both sides of this biogeographically interesting region and is also the northernmost record of the family Phrynichidae. Moreover, all distribution records of the Phrynichus species are mapped (including the first verified record of the order from the United Arab Emirates), an updated key to the species of the deflersi and ceylonicus groups is provided, and Phrynichus andhraensis Bastawade, Rao, Maqsood Javed and Krishna, 2005 (India) is assigned to the ceylonicus group. 

Late Cretaceous phymosomatids and the true identity of Cidarites granulosus Goldfuss, 1829 (Echinoidea, Phymosomatoida)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3271 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
NILS SCHLÜTER ◽  
MANFRED KUTSCHER ◽  
ANDREW B. SMITH ◽  
JOHN W. M. JAGT ◽  
JACKIE A. LEES
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lower Maastrichtian ◽  
The Common

A revision of Late Cretaceous species of the common regular echinoid genus Phymosoma Haime in d’Archiac & Haime,1853 has revealed that Cidarites granulosus Goldfuss, 1829 has generally been misinterpreted in the literature. The typespecimen of this species is undoubtedly conspecific with material from the lower Maastrichtian of Rügen, northeast Ger-many. What authors have referred to as Phymosoma granulosum in northern temperate (boreal) regions of western Europeand in the Middle East in fact represents an undescribed form which we here name Phymosoma ravni sp. nov., which dif-fers from Cidarites granulosus in having better-developed biserial pore zones adapically, proportionally larger mamelonson primary tubercles, a flush peristome, and stout, non-facetted primary spines. The proper placement of Cidarites granulosus within the family Phymosomatidae Pomel, 1883 is ambiguous; it appears to be most closely related to Phymosoma.

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