scholarly journals Bambusa tuldoides (punting pole bamboo).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Region ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Agricultural Weed

Abstract Bambusa tuldoides is a species of bamboo native to Asia that is is widely cultivated as ornamental and hedge plant but also for its culms. It has been introduced elsewhere in Asia outside of its native range, as well as in the Americas and Pacific region. Culms and branches root very readily and often grow to form monospecific stands along riverbanks, low hills, roadsides and disturbed sites. This species is adapted to grow in a wide range of climates and can survive temperatures as low as -7°C. Currently, B. tuldoides is considered an invasive and transformer species in Cuba. It is also included in the Global Compendium of weeds as an "agricultural weed".

Seed germination response of a noxious agricultural weed Echium plantagineum to temperature, light, pH, drought stress, salinity, heat and smoke

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Singarayer Florentine ◽  
Sandra Weller ◽  
Alannah King ◽  
Arunthathy Florentine ◽  
Kim Dowling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Germination Response ◽  
Elevated Salinity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Agricultural Weed ◽  
Soil Seedbank ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Salinity Management

Echium plantagineum is a significant pasture weed in the Mediterranean climatic zone of several countries, including Australia. This invasive weed, introduced as an ornamental into Australia (where it is known as Paterson’s curse), quickly became established and is now a significant weed of agriculture. Although E. plantagineum is a well-established, highly competitive weed that thrives under disturbance and is tolerant of a wide variety of conditions, including varying soil moisture and drought, and some aspects of its ecology remain unknown. This study investigated germination response to temperature and light, pH, soil moisture, salinity, and pre-germination exposure of seed to heat and smoke. Temperature was found to be more influential on germination than light and the species is tolerant to a wide range of pH. However, available moisture may limit germination, as may elevated salinity. Management of this weed requires approaches that minimise soil seedbank input or prevent germination of soil seedbanks.

The strategic role of Hawaii in disaster coordination in the Asia-Pacific

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Ross Prizzia, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Support Organizations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Strategic Role

The purpose of this article is to describe and explain the strategic role of Hawaii in disaster coordination in the Asia-Pacific region. Hawaii is of critical importance in the prevention of, preparation for, and response to disasters in the Asia-Pacific region as is demonstrated through the effective coordination of Hawaii-based institutions such as the Pearl Harbor Naval Base, US Pacific Command (PACOM), US Army Pacific (USARPAC), Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies (APCSS), East- West Center (EWC), Pacific Disaster Center (PDC), Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC), and other related disaster management support organizations based throughout the Hawaiian islands. The State of Hawaii seems prepared to respond to natural and human-caused disasters. As the only island state located in the Pacific Ocean, Hawaii continues to require advanced technology for warning systems and effective coordination of emergency management capability to respond to a wide range of natural disasters and the threat of terrorism and an extensive network of coordination, cooperation, and collaboration among relevant disaster and emergency Hawaii-based government agencies at the local, national, and international levels. While some of this network may be unique to Hawaii and the Asia-Pacific region, most is not and can provide useful “best practices” for other practitioners and jurisdictions.

Swainsona sejuncta: a species of ornamental promise or a potential weed?

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1369 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Martyn ◽  
J. Tyler ◽  
C. Offord ◽  
R. McConchie
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Time Production ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Germination Experiments

The potential for indigenous species to establish outside their natural range and become weeds is less well recognised than the potential for exotic species to become weeds. In this study, the weed potential of a native Australian legume, Swainsona sejuncta Joy Thomps., was assessed using weed risk assessment protocols (the 'Pheloung system') and germination experiments. The Pheloung system uncovered several traits indicating that S.�sejuncta has significant weed potential. These traits include production of the toxin swainsonine, a short generative time, production of large numbers of viable seeds, and formation of a dense canopy. The species appears to benefit from cultivation, and seedlings emerged along paths surrounding garden beds. The Pheloung system did not give a definitive outcome for rejection or acceptance (high or low weed potential, respectively) but indicated that further evaluation is required. However, if S. sejuncta naturalises outside its limited native range in the future, then the species would be considered to have a high weed potential. Experiments in addition to the Pheloung system showed that S. sejuncta germinated rapidly over a wide range of temperatures once the seed coat was broken, reflecting a high competitive ability. Consequently, cultivation and commercialisation of S. sejuncta as an ornamental plant is not recommended without further research.

Lindernia crustacea (Malaysian false pimpernel).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
French Polynesia ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Weed ◽  
Wetland Habitats

Abstract L. crustacea is an herb including in the Global Compendium of Weeds where it is listed as environmental and agricultural weed (Randall, 2012). It has a wide distribution across tropical and subtropical regions of the world where it occurs in a wide range of wetland and some non-wetland habitats and is able to exploit anthropogenic habitats such as rice fields. Once established, this species has the potential to grow forming a mat up to 30 cm high. Currently, L. crustacea is listed as invasive in Hawaii, French Polynesia and Singapore (Wagner, 1999; Chong et al., 2009; Lansdown, 2011).

Setaria verticillata (bristly foxtail).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Parker
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Setaria Verticillata ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Successful Invader

Abstract S. verticillata is listed by Holm et al. (1979) as a 'serious' or 'principal' weed in 11 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, South America and the Pacific. From its origins in Europe and perhaps Africa, it has been accidentally introduced to many other countries across the world. It is often listed as one of the two or three most important weeds in a wide range of crops, within and outside its native range, and it can also become dominant in grassland. The combination of ready dispersal by its 'sticky' seed and seed-heads, and its C4 physiology and rapid growth make it an extremely successful invader. It adapts to local conditions rapidly and has developed resistance to atrazine and other herbicides.

scholarly journals Senna occidentalis (coffee senna).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Edaphic Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Class B ◽  
The Usa

Abstract S. occidentalis is an annual to short lived perennial herb to small shrub with a pantropical distribution (PROTA, 2016). It is reported as invasive throughout Oceania, and various countries in Asia and Africa, where is reported as introduced (BioNET-EAFRINET, 2016; PIER, 2016). Within its native range S. occidentalis is listed as invasive for Cuba by Oviedo Prieto et al. (2012). This species is recognised as an invasive herb or a problematic weed that affects crops and plantations all over its range (PIER, 2016). For example, in the Northern Territory, Australia, it is a class B declared weed, i.e. spread to be controlled in all of the Territory (Flanagan, 1998). This weed is a problem in seven states of the USA and is increasing in eight others (Teem et al., 1980). Its ability to colonize a wide range of climatic and edaphic conditions is epitomized by its occurrence in East Africa where it is found at altitudes of 0-1740 metres above sea level (Brenan, 1967). Though probably less important than the related weeds, S. obtusifolia and S. tora, S. occidentalis has the potential to become a weed of more widespread significance. In the USA it is on the regulated invasive list for Florida (Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States, 2016).

Senna occidentalis (coffee senna).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
The United States ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Edaphic Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Class B ◽  
The Usa

Abstract S. occidentalis is an annual to short lived perennial herb to small shrub with a pantropical distribution (PROTA, 2016). It is reported as invasive throughout Oceania, and various countries in Asia and Africa, where is reported as introduced (BioNET-EAFRINET, 2016; PIER, 2016). Within its native range S. occidentalis is listed as invasive for Cuba by Oviedo Prieto et al. (2012). This species is recognised as an invasive herb or a problematic weed that affects crops and plantations all over its range (PIER, 2016). For example, in the Northern Territory, Australia, it is a class B declared weed, i.e. spread to be controlled in all of the Territory (Flanagan, 1998). This weed is a problem in seven states of the USA and is increasing in eight others (Teem et al., 1980). Its ability to colonize a wide range of climatic and edaphic conditions is epitomized by its occurrence in East Africa where it is found at altitudes of 0-1740 metres above sea level (Brenan, 1967). Though probably less important than the related weeds, S. obtusifolia and S. tora, S. occidentalis has the potential to become a weed of more widespread significance. In the USA it is on the regulated invasive list for Florida (Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States, 2016).

Leptochloa mucronata (mucronate sprangletop).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Cubiñá
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Native Range ◽  
North Central ◽  
Introduced Range ◽  
Agricultural Weed ◽  
The Caribbean

Abstract Leptochloa mucronata is a grass native to the warmer parts of North, Central and South America and the Caribbean; taxonomists disagree over whether the form found in the Caribbean is part of the same species or should be classified separately as Leptochloa panicea ssp. brachiata. The species is present in a number of countries in south and south-east Asia, in a few countries in Africa, and in Australia; in most of these countries it is considered to be introduced, although it is reported as native in some of them. Little information is available about how it was spread, but it probably involved the accidental movement of seeds. In parts of both its native range and its introduced range it is a significant agricultural weed, and this is the main reason why it is of interest, although there have been some studies of its use as a green manure.

A Note onBalanophyllia regia, the only Eupsammiid Coral in the British Fauna

1932 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Yonge
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Kaneohe Bay ◽  
Vertical Range ◽  
Bright Orange ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Fringing Reefs ◽  
Wide Range

TheEupsammiidé are one of the most interesting families of the Madjeporaria. They have an exceptionally wide range of distribution, being found alike in temperate and tropical seas. In the latter they were probably originally confined to deep water, where the majority of them still occur, but they have extended their vertical range (Yonge, 1930) and various species are now found on many of the coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific region. ThusDendrophyllia rameaoccurs in moderately deep water in the Mediterranean and has also been found in the English Channel off RoscofE (Lacaze-Duthiers, 1897), while other species of this genus are common near the surface on many of the Pacific coral reefs, the bright orange-coloured polyps ofDendrophyllia mannibeing, for example, very conspicuous on the fringing reefs at Kaneohe Bay on the Island of Oahu, Hawaii (Edmondson, 1929; Yonge, 1930).

scholarly journals Predicting the invasion range for a highly polyphagous and widespread forest herbivore

NeoBiota ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Blackburn ◽  
Joseph S. Elkinton ◽  
Nathan P. Havill ◽  
Hannah J. Broadley ◽  
Jeremy C. Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Operophtera Brumata ◽  
Winter Moth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Close Fit

Here we compare the environmental niche of a highly polyphagous forest Lepidoptera species, the winter moth (Operophtera brumata), in its native and invaded range. During the last 90 years, this European tree folivore has invaded North America in at least three regions and exhibited eruptive population behavior in both its native and invaded range. Despite its importance as both a forest and agricultural pest, neither the potential extent of this species’ invaded range nor the geographic source of invading populations from its native range are known. Here we fit a climatic niche model, based on the MaxEnt algorithm, to historical records of winter moth occurrence in its native range and compare predictions of suitable distributions to records from the invaded range. We modeled this distribution using three spatial bins to overcome sampling bias for data obtained from public databases and averaged the multi-continental suitable habitat prediction. Results indicate that this species is distributed across a wide range of climates in its native range but occupies a narrower range in its invaded habitat. Furthermore, the lack of a close fit between climatic conditions in parts of its invaded range and its known native range suggests the possibility that this species has adapted to new climatic conditions during the invasion process. These models can be used to predict suitable habitats for winter moth invasions worldwide and to gain insight into possible origins of North American populations.

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