Australian Schizophrenia Care and Assessment Programme: Real-World Schizophrenia: Outcomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 969-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayashri Kulkarni ◽  
Anthony R. de Castella ◽  
Kate M. Filia ◽  
Sacha L. Filia ◽  
Natasha Marston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Real World ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Present Sample ◽  
Assessment Programme ◽  
Over Time

Objective: It has been increasingly recognized that there is need to assess patient outcomes in schizophrenia across a broad range of dimensions. But few studies have attempted to do this in clinical populations and no systematic study has broadly assessed outcomes in schizophrenia in Australia using a longitudinal design. Thus, a real-world study, the Schizophrenia Care and Assessment Programme (SCAP), was structured to collect comprehensive information over time to inform policy debate and extend current knowledge about the course of schizophrenia in an Australian context. Methods: A cohort of 347 patients with schizophrenia was followed up over 3 years. Clinical outcomes, occupational and psychosocial functioning and quality of life were assessed at 6 monthly intervals, and resource utilization and costing data were collected continuously from internal and external databases as well as from participants directly. Results: The participants as a group experienced an overall decline in positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, a reduction in general psychopathology and a reduction in severity of depression. There was an improvement in functioning, a reduction in mental health-related disability and an improvement in patient- and observer-rated quality of life. Change of severity within the variously assessed domains over time appeared to be relatively independent. Conclusions: In the present sample of schizophrenia patients treatment was associated with positive health outcomes; but outcomes across assessment domains did not closely correlate across time. The scrutiny of a broad range of patient outcomes will assist with the assessment of new treatment modalities and with service planning.

Quality of life following treatment for PTSD: Comparison of videoconferencing and in-person modalities

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa H Glassman ◽  
Margaret-Anne Mackintosh ◽  
Alexander Talkovsky ◽  
Stephanie Y Wells ◽  
Kristen H Walter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽  
Modality Effect ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Over Time

Introduction Quality of life (QOL) is significantly impaired among individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, few treatment outcome studies examine QOL following treatment. Furthermore, the use of videoconferencing to deliver evidence-based treatments for PTSD is increasing dramatically. Although videoconferencing has demonstrated non-inferiority to in-person treatment modalities for improving PTSD symptom severity, no studies to date have directly compared QOL outcomes of an evidence-based intervention delivered via videoconferencing to one delivered in-person. Methods This study presents a secondary data analysis of two randomized controlled trials comparing cognitive processing therapy (CPT) delivered via videoconferencing or a traditional in-person modality. The Men’s study delivered group CPT to 125 male veterans with PTSD, whereas the Women’s study delivered individuals CPT to 126 female civilians and veterans. Multigroup latent growth curve models were used to model changes in QOL Inventory (QOLI) scores over time. Results There was no effect of treatment modality on changes in QOLI scores over time (modality effect on slope estimate = 0.004 (–0.60, 0.61) and on quadratic estimate = 0.001 (–0.18, 0.20); all ps > 0.33). Model fit was the same for both genders (Δ χ2 (2) = 2.28, p = 0.32) and for the gender × treatment modality interaction (Δ χ2 (2) = 2.87, p = 0.24). QOLI scores improved at post-treatment and three-month follow-up assessments, but declined at the six-month follow-up assessment. Discussion This secondary analysis extends the findings of the parent studies by establishing the efficacy of the videoconferencing platform in improving QOL. Clinical implications of findings are discussed.

Abstract WP463: Moderator Role of Preparedness on the Association Between Depression and Quality of Life in Stroke Survivor-Caregiver Dyads

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Pucciarelli ◽  
Karen S Lyons ◽  
Silvio Simeone ◽  
Rosaria Alvaro ◽  
Christopher S Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Stroke Survivor ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Over Time

Background: Although several studies have clearly shown that depressive symptoms in stroke survivors and caregivers decreases their quality of life (QOL), previous research has not yet analyzed the role of potential moderators in the relationship between the above two variables. Aims: To examine the moderating effect of caregiver preparedness between depressive symptoms and QOL in stroke survivor and caregiver dyads. Methods: Longitudinal design with 222 stroke survivor-caregiver dyads enrolled at survivor discharge from rehabilitation hospitals. Data collection was performed over 12 months. We measured survivor and caregiver QOL dimensions (physical, psychological, social and environmental), depression and preparedness. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was used to test four longitudinal dyadic moderation models (one for each QOL domain). Results: Survivors (50% males) and caregivers (65% females) were 70.8 (SD=11.9) and 52.5 (SD=13.1) years old, respectively. Controlling for baseline covariates, caregiver preparedness significantly moderated the association between survivor depressive symptoms and survivor psychological (B = 0.56, p < .01) and environmental (B = 0.58, p < .01) QOL at baseline and social QOL over time (B = 0.24, p < .05). In each case, higher levels of caregiver preparedness were protective and buffered the influence of survivor depressive symptoms on survivor QOL. Similarly, caregiver preparedness significantly moderated the association between caregiver depressive symptoms and caregiver physical (B = 0.25, p < .01) and environmental (B = 0.18, p < .05) QOL over time. Conclusions: Caregiver preparedness is a positive variable for both members of the dyad and the paper highlights the importance of implementing tailored intervention which could improve caregivers’ preparedness already during the rehabilitation period.

A longitudinal assessment of treatment-related differences in quality of life among prostate cancer patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15605-15605
Author(s):  
A. Giedzinska-Simons ◽  
K. M. Christie ◽  
B. E. Meyerowitz ◽  
M. Gross ◽  
D. B. Agus
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

15605 Background: Physicians increasingly are asked about changes in quality of life (QOL) following treatment. This is especially relevant for prostate cancer (PC), a disease for which different primary treatments expose patients to differing risks of adverse effect with similar expected benefits in terms of survival. Few studies have compared QOL for the major treatment approaches in a prospective, longitudinal design. Methods: 53 PC patients completed mailed questionnaires assessing general, emotional, social, functional, physical, and prostate-specific QOL with the FACT; stress with the Impact of Events Scale-R (IES-R); and mood with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Data were collected prior to treatment and at 1 month and 6 months post-primary disease treatment. Patients’ primary treatments were radical prostatectomy (RP; N=22), radiation (N=16), or conservative therapy (androgen deprivation treatment only (ADT); N=15). Responses were compared in a mixed-factorial ANCOVA design, controlling for disease severity (Gleason score) and age. Results: Although there were no main effect differences by treatment group, treatment by time interactions emerged for physical QOL (p=.002), stress (p=.04), and negative affect (p=.01). Examination of patterns of response indicated that physical difficulties remained fairly consistent for RP and radiation patients over time, whereas ADT patients showed a gradual decline in physical QOL. For stress and negative affect, RP patients reported highest levels of distress prior to treatment and experienced a gradual recovery over time. Radiation patients followed a similar, although less dramatic, trajectory for stress but showed little change in negative affect. ADT patients had relatively low levels of stress at each time point. Their levels of negative affect were similar to those of radiation patients. Conclusions: Even after controlling for age and disease severity, this examination of patient QOL over time suggests the pre-treatment period is especially stressful for RP patients, and that ADT patients exhibit a gradual decline in physical QOL over time. These results may help physicians anticipate and discuss treatment-specific trends in QOL with their patients, thus enhancing patient care. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Protective Role of Caregiver Preparedness on the Relationship Between Depression and Quality of Life in Stroke Dyads

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Pucciarelli ◽  
Karen S. Lyons ◽  
Antonello Petrizzo ◽  
Rossella Ambrosca ◽  
Silvio Simeone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Stroke Survivor ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Over Time

Background and Purpose: Depression and quality of life (QOL) have an interdependent and transactional nature in stroke survivor-caregiver dyads. While the strong relationship between depression and physical and emotional QOL in stroke survivor-caregiver dyads is well known, it is less clear if this relationship is moderated by caregiver preparedness, which could easily be targeted with interventions. In this study, we examined the moderating role of caregiver preparedness on the association between depression and QOL in stroke survivor-caregiver dyads. Methods: We used a longitudinal design with follow-ups every 3 months over a 1-year period. Considering the nonindependent nature of the data (survivors and their caregivers), we used multilevel modeling to analyze data at the dyad level. We implemented 4 longitudinal dyadic moderation models (one for each QOL domain: physical, psychological, social, and environmental) using hierarchical linear modeling. Results: A sample of 222 stroke survivor-caregiver dyads was analyzed. Stroke survivors were older ( M =70.8, SD=11.9) than their caregivers ( M =52.4, SD=13.1). Stroke survivors predominantly had an ischemic stroke, equally distributed by site. Caregivers were primarily female (66%), with a medium to high educational level (57%). Caregiver preparedness significantly moderated the association between survivor depression and survivor psychological ( B =0.56, P <0.01) and environmental ( B =0.58, P <0.01) QOL at baseline and social QOL over time ( B =0.24, P <0.05). Similarly, caregiver preparedness significantly moderated the association between caregiver depression and caregiver physical ( B =0.25, P <0.01) and environmental ( B =0.18, P <0.05) QOL over time. Conclusions: Caregiver preparedness has a positive influence on both members of the dyad. Assessment of stroke-caregiver preparedness could be helpful to motivate clinicians to develop and implement interventions for stroke survivor-caregiver dyads.

Psychological and Cognitive Aspects of Borderline Intellectual Functioning

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastianina Contena ◽  
Stefano Taddei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Borderline Intellectual Functioning ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) refers to a global IQ ranging from 71 to 84, and it represents a condition of clinical attention for its association with other disorders and its influence on the outcomes of treatments and, in general, quality of life and adaptation. Furthermore, its definition has changed over time causing a relevant clinical impact. For this reason, a systematic review of the literature on this topic can promote an understanding of what has been studied, and can differentiate what is currently attributable to BIF from that which cannot be associated with this kind of intellectual functioning. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, we have conducted a review of the literature about BIF. The results suggest that this condition is still associated with mental retardation, and only a few studies have focused specifically on this condition.

Quality of life over time in a German cohort of breast cancer survivors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Thöne ◽  
N Obi ◽  
A Jung ◽  
M Schmidt ◽  
J Chang-Claude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Over Time
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