Synergistic increase in antibiotic resistance with tolerance to cadmium and lead in environmental bacteria isolated from the San Cristobal River, Laguna De Bay, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-183
Author(s):  
Kikongo Marie-Médiatrice Ntabugi ◽  
Bahati J. Manegabe ◽  
John B. Dewar ◽  
Jessica F. Simbahan ◽  
Maxima E. Flavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Laguna De Bay ◽  
Environmental Bacteria ◽  
Tolerance To Cadmium ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Synergistic Increase

scholarly journals Extracellular DNA (eDNA): Neglected and Potential Sources of Antibiotic Resistant Genes (ARGs) in the Aquatic Environments

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Periyasamy Sivalingam ◽  
John Poté ◽  
Kandasamy Prabakar
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Environmental Bacteria ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
Potential Public Health

Over the past decades, the rising antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) are continuing to emerge as a global threat due to potential public health risk. Rapidly evolving antibiotic resistance and its persistence in the environment, have underpinned the need for more studies to identify the possible sources and limit the spread. In this context, not commonly studied and a neglected genetic material called extracellular DNA (eDNA) is gaining increased attention as it can be one of the significant drivers for transmission of extracellular ARGS (eARGs) via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) to competent environmental bacteria and diverse sources of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. Consequently, this review highlights the studies that address the environmental occurrence of eDNA and encoding eARGs and its impact on the environmental resistome. In this review, we also brief the recent dedicated technological advancements that are accelerating extraction of eDNA and the efficiency of treatment technologies in reducing eDNA that focuses on environmental antibiotic resistance and potential ecological health risk.

scholarly journals Ecology and Evolution as Targets: the Need for Novel Eco-Evo Drugs and Strategies To Fight Antibiotic Resistance

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 3649-3660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Baquero ◽  
Teresa M. Coque ◽  
Fernando de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Global Dimension ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Environmental Bacteria ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Microbial Systems

ABSTRACTIn recent years, the explosive spread of antibiotic resistance determinants among pathogenic, commensal, and environmental bacteria has reached a global dimension. Classical measures trying to contain or slow locally the progress of antibiotic resistance in patients on the basis of better antibiotic prescribing policies have clearly become insufficient at the global level. Urgent measures are needed to directly confront the processes influencing antibiotic resistance pollution in the microbiosphere. Recent interdisciplinary research indicates that new eco-evo drugs and strategies, which take ecology and evolution into account, have a promising role in resistance prevention, decontamination, and the eventual restoration of antibiotic susceptibility. This minireview summarizes what is known and what should be further investigated to find drugs and strategies aiming to counteract the “four P's,” penetration, promiscuity, plasticity, and persistence of rapidly spreading bacterial clones, mobile genetic elements, or resistance genes. The term “drug” is used in this eco-evo perspective as a tool to fight resistance that is able to prevent, cure, or decrease potential damage caused by antibiotic resistance, not necessarily only at the individual level (the patient) but also at the ecological and evolutionary levels. This view offers a wealth of research opportunities for science and technology and also represents a large adaptive challenge for regulatory agencies and public health officers. Eco-evo drugs and interventions constitute a new avenue for research that might influence not only antibiotic resistance but the maintenance of a healthy interaction between humans and microbial systems in a rapidly changing biosphere.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in the Environment of Poultry Farms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuvaneswary Veloo ◽  
Syahidiah Syed Abu Thahir ◽  
Rafiza Shaharudin ◽  
Sakshaleni Rajendiran ◽  
Lim Kuang Hock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Environmental Bacteria

Abstract Background The occurrence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) due to the high demand in poultry industries are of great public health concern. Indiscriminate and abusive use of various antibiotics on a large scale causes antibiotic resistance (AMR) in animal-associated bacteria that may be pathogenic to humans. These bacteria are widely disseminated in the environment via animal waste. This study was therefore designed to assess the prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) among the environmental bacteria in poultry farms and to determine the risk contamination category of poultry by calculating the multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI). Results More than half (58.2%) of the 511 total bacteria had MAR, and a number of bacteria were resistant to cefazolin (86.8%), fusidic acid (84.6%), ampicillin (79.3%), clindamycin (65.5%) and erythromycin (63.7%). These antibiotics are listed under the WHO’s criteria of critically and highly important antibiotics in human medicine. In this study, 39.53% of the MARI values, which indicate the contamination level in the environment, indicated a high risk, while 14.48% were ambiguous. Conclusion These results therefore have shown that MAR is present not only among humans and animals but also in environmental bacteria. The high prevalence of MAR and the MARI values, together with the resistance patterns of each bacterium, indicate various effects, including possible occupational risks among workers. This study provides an introduction to the AMR of bacteria in the environment. Further studies are needed to observe the horizontal transfer of the resistance gene and the overall mobile genetic elements in environmental bacteria.

scholarly journals Isolation of Environmental Bacteria from Surface and Drinking Water in Mafikeng, South Africa, and Characterization Using Their Antibiotic Resistance Profiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suma George Mulamattathil ◽  
Carlos Bezuidenhout ◽  
Moses Mbewe ◽  
Collins Njie Ateba
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Environmental Bacteria

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify environmental bacteria from various raw water sources as well as the drinking water distributions system in Mafikeng, South Africa, and to determine their antibiotic resistance profiles. Water samples from five different sites (raw and drinking water) were analysed for the presence of faecal indicator bacteria as well asAeromonasandPseudomonasspecies. Faecal and total coliforms were detected in summer in the treated water samples from the Modimola dam and in the mixed water samples, withPseudomonasspp. being the most prevalent organism. The most prevalent multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype observed was KF-AP-C-E-OT-K-TM-A. All organisms tested were resistant to erythromycin, trimethoprim, and amoxicillin. All isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and faecal coliforms andPseudomonasspp. to neomycin and streptomycin. Cluster analysis based on inhibition zone diameter data suggests that the isolates had similar chemical exposure histories. Isolates were identified usinggyrB,toxA, ecfX, aerA,andhylHgene fragments andgyrB,ecfX,andhylHfragments were amplified. These results demonstrate that (i) the drinking water from Mafikeng contains various bacterial species and at times faecal and total coliforms. (ii) The various bacteria are resistant to various classes of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Profile in Co-Infecting Bacteria Isolated from Sheep Dipslaying Orf Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Elisabeta PASTOR ◽  
Crinu MESTEȘANU ◽  
Petru POJAR ◽  
Marina SPÎNU
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Mar Index ◽  
Environmental Bacteria ◽  
Initial Lesions

Antibiotic resistance in veterinary medicine poses lately increasing risks in therapeutic success and threatens the life of patients with various bacterial infections. Environmental bacteria are very likely to develop on the initial lesions induced by orf virus in sheep, worsening the development and prognosis of the disease. The research aimed at verifying the hypothesis that the persistence of the bacteria and thus, increased severity of the orf lesions is residing in the high antibiotic resistance of the co-infecting bacteria. The antibiotics used were gentamicine, cefuroxime, amoxicilline clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, penicillin and thrimetoprim. Multi antibiotic resistance indices were calculated for each strain. Based on the MAR index, at least two of the investigated environmental bacteria strains could further complicate orf lesions and delay the positive effects of the antibiotic therapy.

Antibiotic resistance among aquatic bacteria in natural freshwater environments of Korea

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Woon Kim ◽  
Yochan Joung ◽  
Ji-Hye Han ◽  
Wonwha Jung ◽  
Seung Bum Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Freshwater Environment ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Environmental Bacteria ◽  
Low Levels

The taxonomic diversity and antibiotic resistance among freshwater bacterial communities in the major water bodies of Korea was examined using 437 penicillin-resistant, and 110 tetracycline-resistant bacterial isolates. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, most isolates were assigned to Proteobacteria, which was then followed by Bacteroidetes. Strains of Aeromonas were found as the most abundant penicillin-resistant populations, whereas those affiliated to diverse species including enteric groups were found as the most abundant tetracycline-resistant populations. Most strains exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance, and all tested strains were resistant to penicillin and hygromycin. High levels of resistance were observed for antibiotics acting on cell wall synthesis, whereas low levels were for those acting on DNA replication or transcription in general. It is apparent from this study that penicillin resistance is widespread among environmental bacteria, although the antibiotic has been generally non-detectable in the environment. It is also likely from the taxonomic composition of the resistant communities that various sources including terrestrial animals and humans may contribute to antibiotic resistance in the freshwater environment.

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