Survival and growth responses of native and introduced vines in New Zealand to light availability

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remco Baars ◽  
Dave Kelly
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Survival And Growth

Light-dependent seedling survival and growth of four tree species in Costa Rican second-growth rain forests

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Iriarte Vivar Balderrama ◽  
Robin L. Chazdon
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Light Gradient ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Survival And Growth

The dependence of tree seedling survival and growth on light availability was evaluated over 15 mo in three second-growth, wet forest stands (15–18 y old) in north-eastern Costa Rica. Seedlings of four canopy tree species (Dipteryx panamensis, Hyeronima alchorneoides, Virola koschnyi and Vochysia guatemalensis) were planted into four canopy treatments in three replicated stands and in a pasture site, spanning a nearly complete gradient of light availability. Survival and growth of all species increased in response to increasing light availability, but species differed in survival in shaded microsites (6–20% light transmittance) and in growth increments per light increase. Hyeronima showed the highest mortality at low light levels and the highest relative height growth increase per light increase. In contrast, Virola showed high survival at low and moderate light, but showed the lowest leaf area and above-ground biomass per light increase among all species. Dipteryx and Vochysia maintained relatively high rates of survival and growth across the entire light gradient. Hyeronima and Virola showed trade-offs between growth and survival responses to light, unlike Dipteryx and Vochysia. Differences among species in seedling survival at low light may be determined by a variety of physiological and morphological traits that may or may not be mechanistically linked to growth responses.

Survival and Growth Responses of Juvenile Salmonines Stocked in Eastern Lake Ontario Tributaries

2007 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Coghlan ◽  
Michael J. Connerton ◽  
Neil H. Ringler ◽  
Donald J. Stewart ◽  
Jerry V. Mead
Keyword(s):  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Survival And Growth

Survival and Growth of Seedlings of Three Sclerophyll Species at High Levels of Phosphorus and Nitrogen

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 681 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Groves ◽  
K Keraitis
Keyword(s):  
Sand Culture ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Rooting Zone ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
High Phosphorus ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Seedlings of Banksia serrata, Acacia suaveolens and Eucalyptus pilularis were grown in sand culture for 3-4 months at four levels of phosphorus (0, 5, 50, and 100 ppm) and three of nitrogen (0, 25 and 250 ppm) applied gradually in all combinations. B.serrata died at high phosphorus-high nitrogen levels, A.suaveolens died with high phosphorus irrespective of the nitrogen level, and E. pilularis did not survive high phosphorus or high nitrogen levels. There were differences between species in their growth responses to increasing levels of phosphorus and nitrogen. Dry weights of seedlings were greatest at P5N25 for B.serrata, at P5N250 for A.suaveolens, and at P5N250 for E.pilularis. Shoot phosphorus concentrations greater than 1% were directly associated with 'toxicity' and death of A.suaveolens seedlings only, and not of the other two species. The species differ in the weights and nutrient contents of their seeds, and this is discussed in relation to the different responses obtained. Growth of sclerophyll species on areas subject to disturbance (e.g. sand-mining) will be determined in large part by the levels of phosphorus and nitrogen applied and the rate at which nutrients are leached from the rooting zone.

scholarly journals Use of Plastic Shelters for Low-Cost Establishment of Street Trees

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Jones ◽  
A. H. Chappelka ◽  
D. H. West
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
One Year

Abstract One-year-old seedlings of 11 commonly used urban shade tree species were protected with plastic shelters to determine effects on survival and growth. Additional seedlings were planted in the cities of Auburn and Opelika, Alabama, to determine seedling performance in actual urban settings and to estimate incidence of vandalism in five urban settings. Shelters increased survival in four species and height growth in seven. Diameter growth responses were mixed. During the first 13 months after planting, only 3% of the seedlings in the cities were damaged by people. However, 20% of the shelters were vandalized at least once. Vandalism rates for shelters were greatest (37-44%) in neighborhoods of privately and publicly owned homes; intermediate (20%) in recreational parks, and lowest (4-6%) in undeveloped or industrial park areas. Installation of each tree with its shelter cost $2.78 (excluding labor) and required 20-25 minutes of labor. Tree shelters show promise as a low-cost alternative to more expensive planting methods, especially in undeveloped portions of cities. South. J. Appl. For. 20(2):85-89.

Species-specific depth zonation in New Zealand charophytes as a function of light availability

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Maree Schwarz ◽  
Mary de Winton ◽  
Ian Hawes
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Depth Zonation

Coppice growth responses of two North American willows in acidic clay soils on coal mine overburden

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 1269-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mosseler ◽  
J. E. Major
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
North American ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mine Spoils ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Site Types

Mosseler, A. and Major, J. E. 2014. Coppice growth responses of two North American willows in acidic clay soils on coal mine overburden. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1269–1279. Acid-generating mine spoils with low pH are a major problem for revegetation and site reclamation. We compared growth responses of 15 genotypes from two widespread willow species, Salix discolor Muhl. (DIS) and S. eriocephala Michx. (ERI), native to eastern and central North America on two adjacent coal mine spoil sites that differed strongly in both pH (3.6 vs. 6.8) and soil texture. Despite significantly poorer growth responses for several coppice biomass traits on a highly acidic clay deposit compared with adjacent shale overburden, these willow clones demonstrated a surprising tolerance for extremely acidic soil conditions. Analysis of survival and growth uncovered genotype×environment interactions, indicating that both species and genotypic differences within species could be used to select better-adapted genotypes for extreme conditions. Most ERI and DIS clones grew comparatively better on the shale overburden site, but two of eight ERI clones and one of seven DIS clones grew significantly better on the acidic clay site, indicating the possibility for clonal selection for specific site adaptations within a species. Allometric relationships between coppice height and basal stem diameter were constant at both the species and site levels. However, there was a divergence of height and diameter in their relationship with green mass yields on the two different site types.

scholarly journals Survival and growth responses of eight Everglades tree species along an experimental hydrological gradient on two tree island types

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana L. Stoffella ◽  
Michael S. Ross ◽  
Jay P. Sah ◽  
Rene M. Price ◽  
Pamela L. Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Tree Island ◽  
Survival And Growth

scholarly journals Postplant Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer to Pinus sylvestris at Different Stages of Establishment

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-114
Author(s):  
David L. Hensley ◽  
E. Gray Aldridge
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Survival And Growth

Abstract Ammonium nitrate and urea formaldehyde at 56, 112, and 224 kg N/ha (50, 100, and 200 lb N/A) were surface-applied to Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) planted the same spring and 1 and 2 years previously. Survival and growth were measured and compared with untreated controls during the following two seasons. Survival of plants established the same year as treatment was significantly greater at the lowest fertilizer rate, regardless of material. Second season height growth of trees receiving 56 kg N/ha (50 lb/A) in the year of planting was significantly greater than those receiving 224 kg N/ha (200 lb/A). There were no significant growth responses by trees established for 1 or 2 years prior to treatment. Stem diameter and number of lateral buds at the apex were not affected by any of the treatments.

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