Race, ethnicity, and the incorporation experiences of Hmong American young adults: insights from a mixed-method, longitudinal study

Extensive research on political participation suggests that parental resources strongly predict participation. Other research indicates that salient political events can push individuals to participate. I offer a novel explanation of how mundane household experiences translate to political engagement, even in settings where low participation levels are typically found, such as immigrant communities. I hypothesize that experiences requiring children of Latinx immigrants to take on “adult” responsibilities provide an environment where children learn the skills needed to overcome the costs associated with participation. I test this hypothesis using three datasets: a survey of Latinx students, a representative survey of young adults, and a 10-year longitudinal study. The analyses demonstrate that Latinx children of immigrants taking on adult responsibilities exhibit higher levels of political activity compared with those who do not. These findings provide new insights into how the cycle of generational political inequality is overcome in unexpected ways and places.

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Relationship status and mental and physical health among Polish and American young adults: The role of relationship satisfaction and satisfaction with relationship status

Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being ◽

10.1111/aphw.12248 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Adamczyk ◽

Ashley B. Barr ◽

Chris Segrin

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Relationship Satisfaction ◽

Physical Health ◽

Relationship Status ◽

Satisfaction With Relationship Status ◽

Mental And Physical Health ◽

American Young Adults

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New psychoactives within polydrug use trajectories—evidence from a mixed‐method longitudinal study

Addiction ◽

10.1111/add.15422 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kathryn Higgins ◽

Nina O'Neill ◽

Leeanne O'Hara ◽

Julie‐Ann Jordan ◽

Mark McCann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Polydrug Use

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Application of the theory of planned behavior to predict smoking intentions: cross-cultural comparison of Kenyan and American young adults

Health Education Research ◽

10.1093/her/cyaa041 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yu Lu ◽

YoungJu Shin ◽

Mary W Gitau ◽

Margaret W Njoroge ◽

Peter Gitau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Mediation Model ◽

Cultural Adaptations ◽

Cultural Variations ◽

Cross Cultural Comparison ◽

American Model ◽

American Young Adults

Abstract Despite well-established research on the applications of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in the American culture, TPB has not been fully tested in the Kenyan culture. This study compared the applications of TPB in predicting smoking intentions (i.e., future and weekend smoking intentions) of Kenyan and American young adults. Data were collected from 252 Kenyans and 227 Americans. The Kenyan participants consisted of 41.7% females with a mean age of 25 years (SD = 4.81). The American participants (49.3% females) had an average age of 19 years (SD = 1.30). Multi-group path analysis was performed to test the equivalence of a TPB-based mediation model in Kenyans and Americans. Significant differences of TPB application were detected. In the American model, smoking consequence beliefs were indirectly associated with smoking intentions through attitudes whereas neither direct nor indirect effects of smoking consequence beliefs were detected in the Kenyan model. Instead, normative beliefs indirectly associated with future and weekend smoking intentions through attitudes and subjective norms in the Kenyan model. Despite some overlapping paths, there were cultural variations on specific associations among TPB constructs between Kenyans and Americans. Cultural adaptations may be needed when applying TPB in the Kenyan cultural context.

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‘We Have Equal Opportunities – in Theory’: Lay Perceptions of Privilege, Meritocracy and Inequality in Denmark

Sociology ◽

10.1177/0038038521999203 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003803852199920

Author(s):

Ditte Andersen ◽

Malene Lue Kessing ◽

Jeanette Østergaard

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Educational System ◽

Social Forces ◽

Equal Opportunities ◽

Reference Groups ◽

Key Factors ◽

Opportunity Structures ◽

Lay Perceptions ◽

Micro Level

This article reports on the findings from a qualitative, longitudinal study on lay perceptions of opportunity structures among young adults in Denmark. Previous research suggests that people often underestimate the extent of inequality and that rising inequality aggravates misperceptions. Our study deepens the understanding of the multi-layered processes that form meritocratic beliefs, and it identifies key factors at the macro-, meso- and micro-level. A macro-level factor that proved influential was a cultural script revolving around the Danish lay concept, social arv [social inheritance]. At the meso level, the factor of reference groups in socio-economic heterogeneous schools was instrumental for formations of inequality perceptions, but in dissimilar ways depending on micro-level subjective factors. Overall, the participants viewed the free educational system in Denmark as part of a welfare system that equalises opportunity structures in principle, while the majority simultaneously exhibited a nuanced awareness of social forces negating meritocracy in practice.

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The Association Between Problem Recognition, Race/Ethnicity, and Professional Help-Seeking Intentions Across Psychological Disorders

Emerging Adulthood ◽

10.1177/21676968211000491 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 216769682110004

Author(s):

Ayanda Chakawa ◽

Steven K. Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Young Adults ◽

Help Seeking ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

The United States ◽

Psychological Disorder ◽

Future Research ◽

Problem Recognition ◽

Professional Help ◽

Race Ethnicity

While 75% mental health problems emerge by young adulthood, there is a strong reluctance during this developmental stage to seek professional help. Although limitations in mental health literacy, such as incorrect problem recognition, may hinder professional help-seeking intentions, the relationship between these variables has been understudied among young adults in the United States (U.S.) and racial/ethnic differences in help-seeking intentions for specific disorders have not been well explored. Using a vignette-based design, the current study examines the association between psychological disorder recognition and professional help-seeking intentions among 1,585 Black/African American and White/European American young adults. Correctly identifying a psychological disorder was significantly associated with intentions to seek professional help for several disorders and race/ethnicity significantly influenced intentions to seek professional help for some disorders. Implications for ways to address unmet mental health care needs, especially among racially/ethnically diverse young adults, and directions for future research are discussed.

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The Influence of Alcohol Consumption on Fighting, Shoplifting and Vandalism in Young Adults

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073509 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3509

Author(s):

Ieuan Evans ◽

Jon Heron ◽

Joseph Murray ◽

Matthew Hickman ◽

Gemma Hammerton

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Real Life ◽

Self Report ◽

Parents And Children ◽

Experimental Findings ◽

Avon Longitudinal Study ◽

Causal Component

Experimental studies support the conventional belief that people behave more aggressively whilst under the influence of alcohol. To examine how these experimental findings manifest in real life situations, this study uses a method for estimating evidence for causality with observational data—‘situational decomposition’ to examine the association between alcohol consumption and crime in young adults from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Self-report questionnaires were completed at age 24 years to assess typical alcohol consumption and frequency, participation in fighting, shoplifting and vandalism in the previous year, and whether these crimes were committed under the influence of alcohol. Situational decomposition compares the strength of two associations, (1) the total association between alcohol consumption and crime (sober or intoxicated) versus (2) the association between alcohol consumption and crime committed while sober. There was an association between typical alcohol consumption and total crime for fighting [OR (95% CI): 1.47 (1.29, 1.67)], shoplifting [OR (95% CI): 1.25 (1.12, 1.40)], and vandalism [OR (95% CI): 1.33 (1.12, 1.57)]. The associations for both fighting and shoplifting had a small causal component (with the association for sober crime slightly smaller than the association for total crime). However, the association for vandalism had a larger causal component.

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