The Development of Reading Accuracy and Reading Rate during Treatment of Dyslexia

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgen Tijms
Keyword(s):  
Reading Rate ◽  
Reading Accuracy

Pilot evaluation of a partner-supported online reading intervention for Grade 3–6 children

2021 ◽  
pp. 026565902198940
Author(s):  
Jessica Dean ◽  
Michelle Pascoe ◽  
Jane le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Reading Intervention ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Reading Accuracy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reading Partners ◽  
And Control

Information and communication technology (ICT)-based reading interventions have potential to help children with reading difficulties, especially those in resource-constrained environments who otherwise might not have access to support. This pilot study aimed to describe the impact of an online, partner-supported reading intervention designed for South African children with reading difficulties. Objectives were to qualitatively describe participants’ experience of the intervention, and quantitatively evaluate changes in reading accuracy, rate, comprehension and receptive vocabulary after intervention. Two studies were conducted: (1) A retrospective analysis using data from intervention in mainstream Cape Town schools with peers as reading partners; (2) A prospective study in a Cape Town school with special needs educational provision where speech-language therapists served as reading partners. Both studies used matched participant, pre/post intervention designs. A total of 40 children in grades 3 to 6 participated. In each study the intervention group ( n = 20) received intervention 3 times per week (30 minutes per session) for 10 weeks, while the control group ( n = 20) continued with regular school activities. Participants enjoyed the ICT-based intervention, valued the role of the reading partners, believed they had made literacy gains, and reported positive attitudinal and behavioural changes related to reading. Retrospective analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between intervention and control groups. The prospective study found a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups’ gains on one measure of reading rate, but no significant difference in reading accuracy, vocabulary or reading comprehension gains. The study provides a preliminary description of one ICT-based reading intervention. Although an intervention effect could not be demonstrated, the changes noted in reading rate together with qualitative findings suggest a need for further research.

scholarly journals AN INVESTIGATION OF ORAL READING FLUENCY OF TENTH GRADE IN ONE OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN INDRAMAYU

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Indra Yoga Prawiro ◽  
Sri - Lefina
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Oral Reading Fluency ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Reading Accuracy ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Fluency Test ◽  
Reading Prosody

The purpose of this study is to investigate students oral reading fluency of tenth grade in one of Senior High Schools in Indramayu. According to Zuhra (2015) the students faced difficulties in English because of their poor vocabulary. The students also faced difficulties when the texts were long and complicated with various different modifying phrases. There are three subskills to measure oral reading fluency. As stated by Pey, et al (2014) there are ‘accuracy’. ‘speed’, and ‘prosody’. Case study is chosen as a research method in this study. Two instruments were used to collect the data. The first is oral reading fluency test, this was used to measure students’ fluency in oral reading. The second is questionnaire. It was used to find out the students’ reading interest and reading habit. After the writers got the data. Then it will be analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that there were 36 students who took the oral reading fluency test. But, unfortunately that almost all students were not fluent in oral reading. The lowest score obtained by students in reading rate is 58 wpm. While for reading accuracy the lowest score obtained by students is 0,7 wc. And the lowest score obtained by students in reading prosody is 4. In reading prosody, almost all students get score of 4. It is because there are still many students who read only if they have to and they read not for own pleasure. Meanwhile, only two students out of thirty-six students who are almost fluent reading are able to do oral reading fluency. Have fluency in oral reading the students have practiced reading a lot. With reading rate 110 wpm and 127 wpm, reading accuracy 0,95 wc and 0,91 wc, and reading prosody are  9 of out 16.

scholarly journals Reading Predictors in Croatian

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-184
Author(s):  
Maja Kelić ◽  
Mirta Zelenika Zeba ◽  
Jelena Kuvač Kraljević
Keyword(s):  
Reading Instruction ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Hierarchical Multiple Regression ◽  
Transparent Orthography ◽  
Reading Accuracy ◽  
Suppressor Variable

Phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatised naming (RAN) and working memory (WM) are considered to be the most important factors supporting reading development. However, their relative importance varies across orthographies and age. The goal of this study was to examine reading predictors in Croatian, a language with highly transparent orthography, after three years of formal reading instruction. The study included 80 participants (mean age: 10.07 years). Reading rate and accuracy were measured using lists of words and pseudowords, and PA was measured using phoneme deletion, phoneme addition and spoonerism tasks. RAN was measured using naming of colours, and WM was measured using the WM standardised measure of digit span (WISC-IV-HR) and pseudoword repetition. In order to find the best predictors of reading rate and accuracy for both words and pseudowords, three-stage hierarchical multiple regression was conducted. The results showed that in highly transparent language when reading is automatised, RAN is the most significant predictor of both reading rate and accuracy. Although this study did not show dissociation between the predictors supporting reading speed and reading accuracy, it confirmed the importance of PA as a suppressor variable for RAN in predicting pseudowords reading time.

scholarly journals Can a rhythmic intervention support reading development in poor readers?

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Hallam
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Reading Development ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Reading Scores ◽  
First Year ◽  
Reading Accuracy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

There is increasing interest in the wider benefits of music in relation to reading, although relatively little evidence relating to the role that music might play in developing literacy skills in those experiencing difficulties. The research reported here explores the impact of a rhythmic intervention involving clapping, stamping, and chanting to music while following notation on a chart. The intervention took place for 10 minutes each week over a 10-week period with groups of 10 children, who had lower than average reading scores. The children were in the first year of secondary school (11–12 years old). The NARA II test was selected to assess reading accuracy, comprehension, and reading rate before and after the intervention with alternative forms of the test being used. Pupils ( N = 354) attending six secondary schools in the UK participated and were randomly allocated to control (174) and intervention groups (180). Multivariate analysis of variance of change scores across the period of the intervention revealed statistically significant differences between control and intervention groups in reading accuracy ( p = .014) and comprehension ( p = .001) but not in reading rate. The differences in reading accuracy were equivalent to 1.38 standardized scores and reading comprehension, 2.33 standardized scores.

Reading Longer Words: Insights Into Multisyllabic Word Reading

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Heggie ◽  
Lesly Wade-Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Instructional Programs ◽  
Morphological Knowledge ◽  
Morphological Complexity ◽  
Reading Accuracy ◽  
Grade 3

Students with persistent reading difficulties are often especially challenged by multisyllabic words; they tend to have neither a systematic approach for reading these words nor the confidence to persevere (Archer, Gleason, & Vachon, 2003; Carlisle & Katz, 2006; Moats, 1998). This challenge is magnified by the fact that the vast majority of English words are multisyllabic and constitute an increasingly large proportion of the words in elementary school texts beginning as early as grade 3 (Hiebert, Martin, & Menon, 2005; Kerns et al., 2016). Multisyllabic words are more difficult to read simply because they are long, posing challenges for working memory capacity. In addition, syllable boundaries, word stress, vowel pronunciation ambiguities, less predictable grapheme-phoneme correspondences, and morphological complexity all contribute to long words' difficulty. Research suggests that explicit instruction in both syllabification and morphological knowledge improve poor readers' multisyllabic word reading accuracy; several examples of instructional programs involving one or both of these elements are provided.

scholarly journals Reading for Comprehension in Individuals with Down Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typical Development: Similar or Different Patterns of Ability?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 828
Author(s):  
Maja Roch ◽  
Kate Cain ◽  
Christopher Jarrold
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Reading Accuracy

Reading for meaning is one of the most important activities in school and everyday life. The simple view of reading (SVR) has been used as a framework for studies of reading comprehension in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). These tend to show difficulties in reading comprehension despite better developed reading accuracy. Reading comprehension difficulties are influenced by poor oral language. These difficulties are common in individuals with DS and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but they have never been compared directly. Moreover, the components of reading for comprehension have rarely been investigated in these populations: a better understanding of the nature of reading comprehension difficulties may inform both theory and practice. The aim of this study was to determine whether reading comprehension in the two populations is accounted for by the same component skills and to what extent the reading profile of the two atypical groups differs from that of typically developing children (TD). Fifteen individuals with DS (mean age = 22 years 4 months, SD = 5 years 2 months), 21 with ASD (mean age = 13 years 2 months, SD = 1 year 6 months), and 42 TD children (mean age = 8 years 1 month, SD = 7 months) participated and were assessed on measures of receptive vocabulary, text reading and listening comprehension, oral language comprehension, and reading accuracy. The results showed similar levels in word reading accuracy and in receptive vocabulary in all three groups. By contrast, individuals with DS and ASD showed poorer non-word reading and reading accuracy in context than TD children. Both atypical groups showed poorer listening and reading text comprehension compared to TD children. Reading for comprehension, investigated through a homograph reading accuracy task, showed a different pattern for individuals with DS with respect to the other two groups: they were less sensitive to meaning while reading. According to the SVR, the current results confirm that the two atypical groups have similar profiles that overlap with that of poor comprehenders in which poor oral language comprehension constrains reading for comprehension.

Phrase-Reading Mediates Between Words and Syntax in Struggling Adolescent Readers

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patsy Nomvete ◽  
Susan R. Easterbrooks
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Struggling Readers ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Syntactic Awareness ◽  
Adolescent Readers ◽  
Struggling Adolescent Readers ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation ◽  
Passage Reading

The components involved in adolescent reading are complex and not clearly understood in struggling readers. Phrase reading, a language skill associated with prosodic understanding of syntactic phrases, has received little attention. We studied 70 adolescent readers including delayed readers to answer the following questions: (a) Do phrase-reading ability, syntactic awareness, passage-reading rate, and reading comprehension have a positive, significant correlation; (b) Do language-related variables (i.e., phrasing ability, syntactic awareness) account for more of the variance in comprehension than passage-reading rate; (c) Does phrase-reading ability, as measured by phrase-level prosody, provide a mechanism for, or at least partially mediate, how passage-reading rate and syntactic awareness affect reading comprehension? Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression and mediation regression. All answers were affirmative suggesting that researchers studying adolescent struggling readers should investigate prosodic phrasing-reading ability as a tool for improving reading comprehension.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Improving reading rate prediction with word length information: Evidence from Dutch

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110171
Author(s):  
Marc Brysbaert ◽  
Longjiao Sui ◽  
Wouter Duyck ◽  
Nicolas Dirix
Keyword(s):  
Word Length ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
English Word ◽  
Length Effect ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
Word Length Effect ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Dutch Language ◽  
Processing Effort

Previous research in English has suggested that reading rate predictions can be improved considerably by taking average word length into account. In the present study, we investigated whether the same regularity holds for Dutch. The Dutch language is very similar to English, but words are on average half a letter longer: 5.1 letters per word (in non-fiction) instead of 4.6. We collected reading rates of 62 participants reading 12 texts with varying word lengths, and examined which change in the English equation accounts for the Dutch findings. We observed that predictions were close to the best fitting curve as soon as the average English word length was replaced by the average Dutch word length. The equation predicts that Dutch texts with an average word length of 5.1 letters will be read at a rate of 238 word per minute (wpm). Texts with an average word length of 4.5 letter will be read at 270 wpm, and texts with an average word length of 6.0 letters will be read at a rate of 202 wpm. The findings are in line with the assumption that the longer words in Dutch do not slow down silent reading relative to English and that the word length effect observed in each language is due to word processing effort and not to low-level, visual factors.

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