Particle coating with composite shell in a pan granulator

AbstractBiomass of algae is a very potent adsorbent for absorbing aqueous waste containing heavy metals and organic dyes. This study purposes to confirm the ability of adsorbents from green algae Nannochloropsis sp. modified with silica (ASN) and followed by coating magnetite particles (ASN-MPs) to absorb simultaneously the mixture of Methylene Blue (ME) and Cu(II) cations in aqueous solution. Simultaneous sorption of ME and Cu(II) cations to ASN and ASN-MPs was carried out by the batch method with the interaction pH condition 7, contact time 90 min, and initial concentrations of ME and Cu(II) cations (0.1–1.0 mM). Based on adsorption data, Cu(II) cations have a greater adsorption rate and capacity (qm) compared to ME at the same contact time and initial concentration. The adsorption capacity (qm) values of the bi-component ME and Cu(II) cation mixture in ASN and ASN-MPs were 1.39 × 10− 1 and 5.32 × 10− 1 mmol g− 1, respectively, with the binary Langmuir adsorption isotherm constant for Cu(II) cations greater than ME. Modified adsorbent from algae Nannochloropsis sp. with silica matrix and magnetite particle coating is an adsorbent that has a high effectiveness in the collective sorption of ME and Cu(II) cations. Therefore, these adsorbents can be used for the adsorption of cation mixtures of heavy metals and organic dyes that are cationic in solution.

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In-Depth Comparison of Dry Particle Coating Processes Used in DPI Particle Engineering

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13040580 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 580

Author(s):

Nicholas Bungert ◽

Mirjam Kobler ◽

Regina Scherließ

Keyword(s):

Drug Carrier ◽

Magnesium Stearate ◽

High Shear ◽

Particle Engineering ◽

Dry Powder Inhalation ◽

Particle Coating ◽

Lower Drug ◽

Dry Particle Coating ◽

Coarse Model ◽

Carrier Systems

High-shear mixer coatings as well as mechanofusion processes are used in the particle-engineering of dry powder inhalation carrier systems. The aim of coating the carrier particle is usually to decrease carrier–drug adhesion. This study comprises the in-depth comparison of two established dry particle coating options. Both processes were conducted with and without a model additive (magnesium stearate). In doing so, changes in the behaviour of the processed particles can be traced back to either the process or the additive. It can be stated that the coarse model carrier showed no significant changes when processed without additives. By coating the particles with magnesium stearate, the surface energy decreased significantly. This leads to a significant enhancement of the aerodynamic performance of the respective carrier-based blends. Comparing the engineered carriers with each other, the high-shear mixer coating shows significant benefits, namely, lower drug–carrier adhesion and the higher efficiency of the coating process.

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Sublimation of composite ice and its influence on performance of ice shells

International Journal of Space Structures ◽

10.1177/09560599211011863 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 67-77

Author(s):

Yue Wu ◽

Junkai Huang ◽

Jiafeng Chen

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Shell Structure ◽

Composite Shell ◽

Engineering Practice ◽

Sublimation Rate ◽

Long Span ◽

Static Performance ◽

New Type ◽

Ice Sublimation ◽

Composite Shell Structure

The long-span ice composite shell structure is a new type of ice and snow structure developed in recent years. The engineering practice of ice composite shell shows that sublimation is one of the important reasons for its damage and even collapse. In this paper, we firstly supplemented the existing H-K equation and obtained the revised ice sublimation equation through indoor evaporative plate experiment considering the influence of admixtures and wind speed. Afterwards, combining the simulations of solar radiation and CFD, the numerical simulation of sublimation distribution on the surface of were realized by programming in Grasshopper platform. During sublimation, the thickness of the ice composite shell decreases by 0.38 mm every 10 days and the sublimation rate on the sunny side was 1.7 times that on the shady side. Finally, the static performance and stability of the sublimated ice composite spherical shell were analyzed. After 70 days of sublimation, the thickness of the ice composite shell structure becomes thinner and uneven, which leads its sensitivity to external load increases.

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Preparation and characterization of polydopamine/melamine microencapsulated red phosphorus and its flame retardance in epoxy resin

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d1ra03164c ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (33) ◽

pp. 20391-20402

Author(s):

Chen Cheng ◽

Yanling Lu ◽

Weining Ma ◽

Shaojie Li ◽

Jun Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Epoxy Resin ◽

Shell Structure ◽

Composite Shell ◽

Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽

Smoke Suppression ◽

Flame Retardance ◽

Red Phosphorus ◽

Composite Shell Structure

Red phosphorus was coated by a polydopamine/melamine composite shell structure, which constituted an intumescent flame retardant with superior flame retardance and smoke suppression performance for epoxy resin.

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An Optimum Fatigue Design of Polymer Composite Compressed Natural Gas Tank Using Hybrid Finite Element-Response Surface Methods

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13040483 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 483

Author(s):

Kazem Reza Kashyzadeh ◽

Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor ◽

Mostafa Omidi Bidgoli ◽

Michal Petrů ◽

Alireza Amiri Asfarjani

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Fatigue Life ◽

Natural Gas ◽

Response Surface ◽

Polymer Composite ◽

Wall Thickness ◽

Composite Shell ◽

Compressed Natural Gas ◽

Fiber Angle ◽

Composite Tank

The main purpose of this research is to design a high-fatigue performance hoop wrapped compressed natural gas (CNG) composite cylinder. To this end, an optimization algorithm was presented as a combination of finite element simulation (FES) and response surface analysis (RSA). The geometrical model was prepared as a variable wall-thickness following the experimental measurements. Next, transient dynamic analysis was performed subjected to the refueling process, including the minimum and maximum internal pressures of 20 and 200 bar, respectively. The time histories of stress tensor components were extracted in the critical region. Furthermore, RSA was utilized to investigate the interaction effects of various polymer composite shell manufacturing process parameters (thickness and fiber angle) on the fatigue life of polymer composite CNG pressure tank (type-4). In the optimization procedure, four parameters including wall-thickness of the composite shell in three different sections of the CNG tank and fiber angle were considered as input variables. In addition, the maximum principal stress of the component was considered as the objective function. Eventually, the fatigue life of the polymer composite tank was calculated using stress-based failure criterion. The results indicated that the proposed new design (applying optimal parameters) leads to improve the fatigue life of the polymer composite tank with polyethylene liner about 2.4 times in comparison with the initial design.

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