Influence of groundwater quality on human health and its suitability for drinking and irrigation uses: a review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Gopinath Rajendran ◽  
Jessy Rooby ◽  
Venkatesan Govindan
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality and Potential Human Health Risk Assessment for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes: A Case Study in the Semiarid Region of North China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Feifei Chen ◽  
Leihua Yao ◽  
Gang Mei ◽  
Yinsheng Shang ◽  
Fansheng Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
North China ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Hydrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Human Health Risks ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Hydrochemical Types ◽  
Potential Human Health

Groundwater is a valuable water source for drinking and irrigation purposes in semiarid regions. Groundwater pollution may affect human health if it is not pretreated and provided for human use. This study investigated the hydrochemical characteristics driving groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes and potential human health risks in the Xinzhou Basin, Shanxi Province, North China. More specifically, we first investigated hydrochemical characteristics using a descriptive statistical analysis method. We then classified the hydrochemical types and analyzed the evolution mechanisms of groundwater using Piper and Gibbs diagrams. Finally, we appraised the groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes using the entropy water quality index (EWQI). We assessed the associated human health risks for different age and sex groups through drinking intake and dermal contact pathways. Overall, we found that (1) Ca-HCO3 and Ca·Mg-HCO3 were the dominant hydrochemical types and were mainly governed by rock weathering and water–rock interactions. (2) Based on the EWQI classifications, 67.74% of the groundwater samples were classified as medium quality and acceptable for drinking purpose. According to the values of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and soluble sodium percentage (%Na), 90.32% of the samples were suitable for irrigation, while the remaining samples were unfit for irrigation because of the high salinity in the groundwater. (3) Some contaminants in the groundwater, such as NO3−, NO2− and F−, exceeded the standard limits and may cause potential risks to human health. Our work presented in this paper could establish reasonable management strategies for sustainable groundwater quality protection to protect public health.

scholarly journals Assessment of Concentration levels of contaminants in groundwater of Soutpansberg Region, Limpopo Province, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindelani Lalumbe ◽  
Thokozani Kanyerere
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Concentration Levels

Abstract Groundwater contribution towards improved food security and human health depend on the level of contaminants in groundwater. In rural areas, many people use groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes without treatment and have no knowledge of contaminants levels in such waters. The reason for such lack of treatment and knowledge is due to the parachute type of research which emphasizes on scientific knowledge and records only and not sharing research outputs with communities for improved human health and food security. This study argued that parachute research type exposes groundwater users to health hazards and threaten food security. Concentration levels of contaminants were measured to ascertain suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation use. 124 groundwater quality samples from 12 boreholes and 2 springs with physiochemical data from 1995 to 2017 were assessed. This study found high concentration levels of contaminants such F−, NO3−, Cl− and TDS in certain parts of the studied area when compared to water quality standards. In general, groundwater was deemed suitable for drinking purposes in most part of the studied area. Combined calculated values of SAR, Na%, MH, PI, RSC and TDS determined that groundwater is suitable for irrigation purposes. The discussion in this paper showed that scientific knowledge generated on groundwater quality should be shared with water users as it will improved human health and food security and also enhance the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. This study recommended that skills and research outputs should be shared with groundwater users through various initiatives.

Groundwater Quality Assessment Using Geospatial Techniques and WQI in North East of Adama Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Karuppannan ◽  
Nafyad Serre Kawo
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
World Health ◽  
Geospatial Techniques ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
North East ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Health Organization

Assessment of groundwater quality is vital for the sustainable use of the resources for domestic and agricultural purposes. In this study spatial variation of physicochemical parameters were analyzed for Northeast Adama Town. Water Quality Index (WQI) and irrigation indices were used to determine the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes, respectively. Further, the physical-chemical results were compared with the Ethiopian standards and the World Health Organization (WHO) standards for drinking and public health. Using GIS interpolation methods in Arc GIS 10.3.1, spatial distribution maps of pH, TDS, EC, Cl−, HCO32−, SO42−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+, RSC, SAR, Na% were prepared. Results indicated that except ASTU well 2, all samples are below the desirable limits of WHO. The WQI results indicated that 85% of samples and 15% of samples were in good and poor categories, respectively. Irrigation indices show that the most groundwater samples have excellent water classes, indicating that they are suitable for irrigation purposes.

scholarly journals GIS-based assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in central Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid F. Makki ◽  
Ali Adel Zuhaira ◽  
Sama M. Al-Jubouri ◽  
Rwayda Kh. S. Al-Hamd ◽  
Lee S. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality Issues and Challenges for Drinking and Irrigation Uses in Central Ganga Basin Dominated with Rice-Wheat Cropping System

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2344
Author(s):  
Sumant Kumar ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Veerendra Kumar Chandola ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Ravi K. Saini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Ganga Basin ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation

Increased population and increasing demands for food in the Indo-Gangetic plain are likely to exert pressure on fresh water due to rise in demand for drinking and irrigation water. The study focuses on Bhojpur district, Bihar located in the central Ganga basin, to assess the groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purpose and discuss the issues and challenges. Groundwater is mostly utilized in the study area for drinking and irrigation purposes (major crops sown in the area are rice and wheat). There were around 45 groundwater samples collected across the study region in the pre-monsoon season (year 2019). The chemical analytical results show that Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3− ions are present in abundance in groundwater and governing the groundwater chemistry. Further analysis shows that 66%, 69% and 84% of the samples exceeded the acceptable limit of arsenic (As), Fe and Mn respectively and other trace metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) are within the permissible limit of drinking water as prescribed by Bureau of Indian Standard for drinking water. Generally, high as concentration has been found in the aquifer (depth ranges from 20 to 40 m below ground surface) located in proximity of river Ganga. For assessing the irrigation water quality, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) values, residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Na%, permeability index (PI) and calcium alteration index (CAI) were calculated and found that almost all the samples are found to be in good to excellent category for irrigation purposes. The groundwater facie has been classified into Ca-Mg-HCO3 type.

scholarly journals Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Jabal Sarage and Charikar Districts, Parwan, Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafizullah Rasouli
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Conductivity Water ◽  
Irrigation Waters

This groundwater research is carried out groundwater quality in Jabal Sarage and Charikar Districts. The main objective of this research is to find out natural causes of drinking water contaminations (toxic elements and components), that are leaching from soluble arrangement of rocks,sediments and soil by surface water at the infiltration time, toward the groundwater. For completion this research I used two categories of water analysis; one is areal analysis, and another is laboratory analysis. In areal analysis ten wells have been recovered by this research in Jabal Sarage and Charikar Distracts, a number of Electro-Conductivity, water temperature,dissolved oxygen in water, Total Dissolved Soled (TDS) and the Resolved Salt in Water (SSW), determination Partible ground at areal complete. For laboratory works I used chemical device of Spectra- photo model. From comparing mean of chemical and physical parameters with standards.pH, K, Na, Mg, Cl, Fe, F, TH, Ca and SO4 all are normal and we can use them for drinking and irrigation waters. The challenges that I faced during this research are; absence of research in this area and lack of geological equipment’s.

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