scholarly journals The Impact of Structured Support Groups for Pregnant South African Women Recently Diagnosed HIV Positive

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Mundell ◽  
Maretha J. Visser ◽  
Jennifer D. Makin ◽  
Trace S. Kershaw ◽  
Brian W. C. Forsyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
South African Women ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Dietary intake and body composition in HIV-positive and -negative South African women

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1603-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie V Wrottesley ◽  
Lisa K Micklesfield ◽  
Matthew M Hamill ◽  
Gail R Goldberg ◽  
Ann Prentice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
South African ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
South African Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hiv Negative

AbstractObjectiveThe present paper examines dietary intake and body composition in antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve HIV-positive compared with HIV-negative South African women, as well as the impact of disease severity on these variables.DesignBaseline data from a longitudinal study assessing bone health in HIV-negative and HIV-positive premenopausal South African women over 18 years of age were used. Anthropometry and body composition, measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, were analysed together with dietary intake data assessed using an interviewer-based quantitative FFQ.SettingSoweto, Johannesburg, South Africa.SubjectsBlack, urban South African women were divided into three groups: (i) HIV-negative (HIV−; n 98); (ii) HIV-positive with preserved CD4 counts (HIV+ non-ARV; n 74); and (iii) HIV-positive with low CD4 counts and due to start ARV treatment (HIV+ pre-ARV; n 75).ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity was high in this population (59 %). The HIV+ pre-ARV group was lighter and had a lower BMI than the other two groups (all P < 0·001). HIV+ pre-ARV women also had lower fat and lean masses and percentage body fat than their HIV− and HIV+ non-ARV counterparts. After adjustment, there were no differences in macronutrient intakes across study groups; however, fat and sugar intakes were high and consumption of predominantly refined food items was common overall.ConclusionHIV-associated immunosuppression may be a key determinant of body composition in HIV-positive women. However, in populations with high obesity prevalence, these differences become evident only at advanced stages of infection.

scholarly journals Food fortification improves the intake of all fortified nutrients, but fails to meet the estimated dietary requirements for vitamins A and B6, riboflavin and zinc, in lactating South African women

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1810-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy C Papathakis ◽  
Kerry E Pearson
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
African Women ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Food Records ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Requirements ◽  
South African Women ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of fortification by comparing food records and selected biochemical indicators of nutritional status pre- and post-fortification.DesignMean intake from 24 h recalls (n 142) was compared with the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) to determine the proportion with inadequate intake. In a subsample (n 34), diet and serum retinol, folate, ferritin and Zn were compared pre- and post-fortification for fortified nutrients vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, Fe and Zn.SettingSouth Africa.SubjectsBreast-feeding women (ninety-four HIV-infected, forty eight HIV-uninfected) measured at ∼6, 14, 24 weeks, and 9 and 12 months postpartum.ResultsPre-fortification, >80 % of women did not meet the EAR for vitamins A, C, D, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6, B12 and folate and minerals Zn, iodine and Ca. Dietary intake post-fortification increased for all fortified nutrients. In post-fortification food records, >70 % did not meet the EAR for Zn and vitamins A, riboflavin and B6. Serum folate and Zn increased significantly post-fortification (P < 0·001 for both), with no change in ferritin and a reduction in retinol. Post-fortification marginal/deficient folate status was reduced (73·5 % pre v. 3·0 % post; P < 0·001), as was Zn deficiency (26·5 % pre v. 5·9 % post; P < 0·05). Pre- and post-fortification, >93 % were retinol replete. There was no change in Fe deficiency (16·7 % pre v. 19·4 % post; P = 0·728).ConclusionsMicronutrient intake improved with fortification, but >70 % of lactating women did not meet the EAR for Zn, vitamins A, riboflavin and B6. Although 100 % exceeded the EAR for Fe after fortification, Fe status did not improve.

scholarly journals γδ T cell frequencies are altered in HIV positive pregnant South African women and are associated with preterm birth

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0235162
Author(s):  
Charlene Akoto ◽  
Christina Y. S. Chan ◽  
Krithi Ravi ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Manu Vatish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
T Cell ◽  
South African ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Γδ T Cell ◽  
South African Women

scholarly journals Distribution of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Women with Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Ongeziwe Taku ◽  
Zizipho Z. A. Mbulawa ◽  
Keletso Phohlo ◽  
Mirta Garcia-Jardon ◽  
Charles B. Businge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
South African Women ◽  
Hiv Negative

South African women have a high rate of cervical cancer cases, but there are limited data on human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. A total of 193 cervical specimens with confirmed CIN from women aged 18 years or older, recruited from a referral hospital, were tested for HPV infection. The cervical specimens, smeared onto FTA cards, were screened for 36 HPV types using an HPV direct flow kit. HPV prevalence was 93.5% (43/46) in CIN2 and 96.6% (142/147) in CIN3. HIV-positive women had a significantly higher HPV prevalence than HIV-negative women (98.0% vs. 89.1%, p = 0.012). The prevalence of multiple types was significantly higher in HIV-positive than HIV-negative women (p = 0.034). The frequently detected genotypes were HPV35 (23.9%), HPV58 (23.9%), HPV45 (19.6%), and HPV16 (17.3%) in CIN2 cases, while in CIN3, HPV35 (22.5%), HPV16 (21.8%), HPV33 (15.6%), and HPV58 (14.3%) were the most common identified HPV types, independent of HIV status. The prevalence of HPV types targeted by the nonavalent HPV vaccine was 60.9% and 68.7% among women with CIN2 and CIN3, respectively, indicating that vaccination would have an impact both in HIV-negative and HIV-positive South African women, although it will not provide full protection in preventing HPV infection and cervical cancer lesions.

“I Don't Know Who to Blame”: Hiv-Positive South African Women Navigating Heterosexual Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Long
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
South African ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
African Women ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
African Black ◽  
Specific Theme ◽  
South African Women

Women who become HIV infected through heterosexual transmission are faced with the task of making sense of how they became infected. This paper presents a qualitative analysis based on interviews with 35 HIV-positive South African Black women. A specific theme, that blame of a male partner was avoided or disavowed in interviews, is explored in relation to broader contexts concerning gender and HIV. It is suggested that the repeated phrase “I don't know who to blame” expresses gender-differentiated speaking rights. It also protects women from voicing their own anger, guilt and internalization of badness as a result of an HIV-positive diagnosis. Further, it protects women from exposure to male destructiveness and from confronting the possibility that they themselves are implicated in the infection of others. Analysis offers opportunities for exploring how women both resist and repeat dominant discourses and dominant fears related to HIV-infected womanhood.

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