Inhibition of Pythium ultimum in roots and growth substrate of mycorrhizal Tagetes patula colonized with Glomus intraradices

1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. St-Arnaud ◽  
C. Hamel ◽  
J.A. Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Growth Substrate

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Growth Responses of Several Ornamental Plants Grown in Soilless Peat-based Medium Amended with Coconut Dust (Coir)

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Linderman ◽  
E.A. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Microbial Composition

Coconut fiber dust (coir) is being used as a peat substitute or amendment to potting mixes with varied results. However, its microbial composition and compatibility with beneficial microbes that might be added to growth media in the nursery, such as mycorrhizal fungi, has not been determined. In this study, coir was amended to a peat-based medium (15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% by volume) to determine its effects on growth of several ornamental plants and on the formation and function of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices. Mycorrhizae formed as well, and usually better, in all the coir-amended peat treatments as in peat alone. The magnitude of growth enhancement due to mycorrhizae was small for the plants tested in these media compared to that which usually occurs in soil-based media. In this experiment, plant growth responses appeared to be independent of level of mycorrhizal colonization and were plant species dependent. Consistent growth enhancement from mycorrhizae only occurred with marigold (Tagetes patula). With germander (Teucrium fruticans), growth was depressed with mycorrhizal inoculation in the medium composed of 60% coir. Growth of lavender (Lavandula augustifolia) was depressed in all coir-amended media, with or without AM inoculation, compared to the nonamended control. These results confirm previous reports of varied response of plant species to coir, and indicate the lack of any detrimental effects of coir on mycorrhiza formation.

scholarly journals Strategies for Mycorrhizal Inoculation of Six Annual Bedding Plant Species

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1217-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger T. Koide ◽  
Lena L. Landherr ◽  
Ylva L. Besmer ◽  
Jamie M. Detweiler ◽  
E. Jay Holcomb
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Impatiens Walleriana ◽  
Sun And Shade

We inoculated six common annual bedding plant species with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith using two fertilizer P concentrations (3 or 15 μg·mL-1) and three inoculation timings (inoculation at sowing, at transplanting, or at both times). The plant species used were: Salvia splendens F. Sellow ex Roem. & Schult. cv. Firecracker Rose; Impatiens walleriana Hook. f. cv. Sun and Shade Royal Red; Tagetes patula L. cv. Girls Golden; Petunia ×hybrida Hort. Vilm.-Andr. cv. Freedom Blue; Coleus ×hybridus Voss. cv. Jazz Salmon; and Viola ×wittrockiana Gams. cv. Majestic Giant White. In general, Coleus, Petunia, and Viola were colonized more than were Impatiens, Tagetes, and Salvia. Inoculation at sowing required less inoculum than either of the other methods. Moreover, it was generally as effective in promoting colonization as double inoculation, and was often more effective than inoculation at transplanting. Mycorrhizal colonization was significantly reduced by the higher P concentration. The use of Myconate®, a water-soluble form of the flavonoid formononetin, significantly stimulated colonization in Salvia.

Inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f-sp. dianthi in the non-VAM species Dianthus caryophyllus by co-culture with Tagetes patula companion plants colonized by Glomus intraradices

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 998-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. St-Arnaud ◽  
B. Vimard ◽  
J. A. Fortin ◽  
C. Hamel ◽  
M. Caron
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Companion Plants

The effect of the mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices on disease development caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi in the nonmycorrhizal species Dianthus caryophyllus was studied by co-culture of carnation plants with the mycorrhizal species Tagetes patula. Presence of VAM T. patula plants more than doubled the survival of D. caryophyllus, significantly reduced the disease symptoms, and decreased F. o. dianthi propagules by 4:1 in soil. Non-VAM T. patula plants had no effect. Dianthus caryophyllus shoot biomass was reduced by F. o. dianthi in non-VAM controls but was not affected in presence of G. intraradices. Glomus intraradices alone has no effect on T. patula or D. caryophyllus shoot biomass. Dianthus caryophyllus mineral shoot content was not modified by G. intraradices. In absence of T. patula, G. intraradices did not colonize D. caryophyllus, whereas in its presence, 14–20% of the carnation root length contained abundant vesicles and hypha but very rarely arbuscules. The presence of G. intraradices clearly reduced the disease caused by F. o. dianthi in D. caryophyllus. Reduction in disease severity was associated with reduced F. o. dianthi propagule number in the substrate and was clearly unrelated to plant nutrition. Our results may be explained either by the induction of D. caryophyllus disease resistance mechanisms by the mycorrhizal fungus or by direct or indirect microbial interactions in the soil. Key words: vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizae, marigolds, carnation, disease, biocontrol.

Controlled seed deterioration in Tagetes patula L. cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-533
Author(s):  
F.C. Simões ◽  
R. Usberti ◽  
P.D.O. Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Seed Deterioration

INDUCING SALT TOLERANCE IN FRENCH MARIGOLD (TAGETES PATULA) THROUGH SEED PRIMING

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Afzal ◽  
Abdul Rahim ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
Adnan Younis ◽  
Aamir Nawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Tagetes Patula

A METHOD OF PRODUCING A STANDARD PATULETIN FROM OPEN INFLORESCENCES MARIGOLD (TAGETES PATULA L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
N.M. Chervonnaja ◽  
◽  
Je.T. Oganesjan ◽  
O.A. Andreeva ◽  
S.P. Senchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tagetes Patula

Cultivation and Harvesting of Selenium-Enriched Ganoderma lingzhi and Spent Medium Using Kudzu Vine as Substrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Zeng Xianlu ◽  
Han Fei ◽  
Zhong Yanmei
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ganoderma Lingzhi ◽  
Run Speed

In order to harvest selenium-enriched fruiting body and spores of Ganoderma lingzhi and spent medium, G. lingzhi was cultivated in kudzu vine as substrate and the bio-transformation of selenite was evaluated. The growth medium consisted of Kudzu vine supplemented with 20% wheat bran or sawdust or none. The growth medium was supplemented with 0, 10, 20, 30, and 50 mg/kg of sodium selenite. We found a significant difference in spawn run speed, fruiting body and spore yields when Kudzu vine was supplemented with wheat bran or sawdust. However, when whole-kudzu vine was used alone as substrate, it resulted in a significantly lower spawn run speed, fruiting body, and spore yields compared with kudzu vine + sawdust substrate and kudzu vine + wheat bran substrate. The selenium content in fruiting body and spores increased with increasing sodium selenite supplementation and approximately equaled half of the selenium in the substrate. No selenite was detected in both the fruiting body and spores. However, in the spent medium when sodium selenite was supplemented at 10, 20, 30, 50 mg/kg, the residual selenite concentration decreased to 0.45, 0.72, 1.29, and 1.95 mg/kg, respectively, suggesting a higher selenite transformation (92.27–93.57%). In conclusion, if Ganoderma fruiting body and spores were to be harvested for human consumption, approximately 50 mg/kg selenite should be added to the growth substrate. On the other hand, if the spent medium was to be used as an organic selenium source, the optimal sodium selenite supplementation level would be 10 mg/kg.

Sustainable Production of Honeydew and Muskmelon in Western Mexico

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 495d-495
Author(s):  
J. Farias-Larios ◽  
A. Michel-Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
First Results ◽  
Legume Cover Crop ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
Research Show

In Western Mexico, melon production depends on high-input systems to maximize yield and product quality. Tillage, plasticulture, fumigation with methyl bromide, and fertigation, are the principal management practices in these systems. However, at present several problems has been found: pests as sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius), aphids (Myzus and Aphis), leafminer (Liryomiza sativae); diseases as Fusarium, Verticilium, and Pseudoperenospora, and weeds demand high pesticide utilization and labor. There is a growing demand for alternative cultural practices, with an emphasis on reducing off-farm input labor and chemicals. Our research is based on use of organic mulches, such as: rice straw, mature maize leaves, banana leaves, sugarcane bagasse, coconut leaves, and living mulches with annual legume cover crop in melons with crop rotation, such as: Canavalia, Stilozobium, Crotalaria, and Clitoria species. Also, inoculations with mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi for honeydew and cantaloupe melon seedlings production are been assayed in greenhouse conditions for a transplant system. The use of life barriers with sorghum, marigold, and other aromatic native plants in conjunction with a colored yellow systems traps for monitoring pests is being studied as well. While that the pest control is based in commercial formulations of Beauveria bassiana for biological control. The first results of this research show that the Glomus intraradices, G. fasciculatum, G. etunicatum, and G. mosseae reached 38.5%, 33.5%, 27.0%, and 31.0% of root infection levels, respectively. Honeydew melons production with rice and corn straw mulches shows an beneficial effect with 113.30 and 111.20 kg/plot of 10 m2 compared with bare soil with 100.20 kg. The proposed system likely also lowers production cost and is applicable to small- and large-scale melon production.

Influence of Selected Endomycorrhizae from the Sonoran Desert and Glomus intraradices on Growth Response and Gas Exchange of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. cv. Leprechaun

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 501d-501
Author(s):  
Jonathan N. Egilla ◽  
Fred T. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Exchange Parameters

Six endomycorrhiza isolates from the Sonoran Desert of Mexico [Desert-14(18)1, 15(9)1, 15(15)1, Palo Fierro, Sonoran, and G. geosporum] were evaluated with a pure isolate of Glomus intraradices for their effect on the growth and gas exchange of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. cv. Leprechaun under low phosphorus fertility (11 mg P/L). Rooted cuttings of Hibiscus plants were inoculated with the seven mycorrhiza isolates and grown for 122 days. Gas exchange measurements were made on days 26, 88, and 122 after inoculation, and plants were harvested on day 123 for growth analysis. Plants inoculated with the seven isolates had 70% to 80% root colonization at harvest. Plants inoculated with G. intraradices had significantly higher leaf, shoot and root dry matter (DM), leaf DM/area (P ≤ 0.05) than those inoculated with any of the six isolates, and greater leaf area (LA) than Desert-15(9)1 and 15(15)1. Uninoculated plants had significantly lower leaf, shoot, root DM, leaf DM/area and LA (P ≤ 0.05) than the inoculated plants. There were no differences among the seven isolates in any of the gas exchange parameters measured [photosynthesis (A) stomatal conductance (gs), the ratio of intercellular to external CO2 (ci/ca), A to transpiration (E) ratio (A/E)]. The relationship between inoculated and uninoculated plants in these gas exchange parameters were variable on day 122 after inoculation.

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