Effects of rootstock and soil disinfection on quality of grafted watermelon fruit (Citrullus lanatus L.): a two-year study

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elazar Fallik ◽  
Sharon Alkalai-Tuvia ◽  
Daniel Chalupowicz ◽  
Yohanan Zutahy ◽  
Merav Zaaroor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Flesh Color ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Soil Disinfestation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Watermelon Rind ◽  
Soil Disinfection

Grafting is a rapid, effective alternative to the relatively slow methodology of breeding, to provide crop plants with increased tolerance to environmental stress and better yield and quality of fruit vegetables. We evaluated the effect of grafting and soil disinfestation on pre- and postharvest parameters in two consecutive years. In both 2013 and 2014, soil disinfection significantly improved the viability of nongrafted plants compared to the same plants grown in nontreated soil. In both years, plants which were grafted on “Nurit” or “TZ” rootstocks showed significantly better vine vigor, with no evidence of disease in either disinfested or nontreated soil. The yield of marketable watermelon fruit was significantly higher in grafted versus nongrafted plants. Grafting significantly influenced watermelon rind color and flesh color, and strongly influenced taste and texture. Watermelon fruit harvested from plants grafted on “Nurit” were tastier and had better flesh texture than fruit harvested from “TZ”-grafted plants. Disinfection during those two years affected only seed formation. The year factor highly influenced rind color, total soluble solids (TSS) near the rind, TSS at the fruit's heart, taste, and texture. An interaction between grafting and year was found on flesh and TSS near the rind. No grafting × disinfection × year interaction was found.

scholarly journals Impact of Grafting on Watermelon Growth, Fruit Yield and Quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouad Mohamed ◽  
Khalid El-Hamed ◽  
Mohammed Elwan ◽  
Mennat-Allah Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Male Flowers

Impact of Grafting on Watermelon Growth, Fruit Yield and QualityGrafting is an alternative approach to reduce crop damage resulting from soil-borne pathogens and increases plant abiotic stress tolerance, which in turn increases crop production. The purpose of this study was to determine whether grafting could improve plant growth and fruit quality of watermelon through monitoring the changes induced by different rootstock-scion combinations. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cv. Aswan F1was grafted into five rootstocks (Nun 6001 F1, Strongtosa F1, Tetsukabuto F1, Ferro F1and Shintoza F1) hybrids betweenCucurbita maximaandCucurbita moschata.Highest vegetative growth and fruit yield were obtained by ‘Nun 6001 F1’ as a rootstock using the tongue approach method. Grafting reduced significantly sex ratio by reducing the number of male flowers. Grafting increased significantly lycopene content in fruit flesh by 57% over the control treatment, but did not affect soluble solids content (SSC). One third of the control non-grafted plants died andFusarium oxysporumwas isolated as the responsible pathogen. These results indicate that grafting watermelon onto specific rootstock influences growth, productivity, and quality of the fruit as well as disease resistance. Grafting can be suggested as an alternative method to control ofFusariumwilt in watermelon production.

scholarly journals NITROGEN SOURCE AND TIMING EFFECTS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF WATERMELON

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 268C-268
Author(s):  
J.T. Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Timing Effects ◽  
Different Sources

Nitrogen from five different sources applied preplant and sidedress to field grown watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb. cv. Prince Charles) did not affect total yield but more melons were harvested earlier when potassium nitrate or calcium nitrate was applied frequently in small amounts. Conversely, two sidedressings of ammonium nitrate or soda/potash applied at 30-day intervals outperformed other application frequencies for these sources. Timing of application had little effect on earliness when sodium nitrate was the source. Improvement in percent stand was documented where total nitrogen fertilizer was applied frequently in small amounts versus infrequent larger amounts. Stand count improvements approached 30 percent for ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate when amounts were split over five applications versus the single application. Soluble solids and flesh color were not affected by treatments used in this study.

scholarly journals Foliar Urea with N-(n-butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide for Sustainable Yield and Quality of Pineapple in a Controlled Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6880
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amdadul Haque ◽  
Siti Zaharah Sakimin ◽  
Phebe Ding ◽  
Noraini Md. Jaafar ◽  
Mohd Khanif Yusop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
N Losses ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Yield And Quality

In agricultural production, nitrogen loss leads to economic loss and is a high environmental risk affecting plant growth, yield, and quality. Use of the N fertilizer with a urease inhibitor is thus necessary to minimize N losses and increase the efficiency of N. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of N-(n-butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide (NBPT) on the growth, yield, and quality of pineapple. The experiment involved two foliar fertilizer treatments: 1% (w/v) urea solution with NBPT (2.25 mL kg−1 urea) was treated as NLU (NBPT Liquid Urea), and the same concentration of urea without NBPT served as the control. Both were applied 12 times, starting 1 month after planting (MAP) and continuing once a month for 12 months. The application of urea with NBPT notably increased the above-ground dry biomass per plant (20% and 10% at 8 and 12 MAP, respectively), leaf area per plant (23% and 15% at 8 and 12 MAP, respectively), N accumulation per plant (10%), PFPN (Partial Factor Productivity) (13%), and average fruit weight (15%) compared to the treatment with urea alone (control). The analysis of quality parameters indicated that urea with NBPT improves TSS (Total Soluble Solids) (19%), ascorbic acid (10%), and sucrose (14%) but reduces the total organic acid content (21%) in pineapple. When using urea with a urease inhibitor (NBPT), there was a significant improvement in growth, yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency, with the additional benefit of reduced nitrogen losses, in combination with easy handling. Hence, urea with a urease inhibitor can be used as a viable alternative for increasing pineapple yield by boosting growth with better fruit quality.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of strawberry cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Eduardo C Antunes ◽  
Nara Cristina Ristow ◽  
Ana Cristina R Krolow ◽  
Sílvia Carpenedo ◽  
Carlos Reisser Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Yield And Quality

The strawberry cultivation is an important economic activity in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, however the number of offered cultivars to the growers is reduced. The yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cultivars Camarosa, Galexia, Earlibrite, Festival, Plarionfre and Sabrosa was evaluated under the climatic conditions of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State. We determined the number, mass, total soluble solids (TSS ºBrix), total titratable acidity (TTA), antocianin level and fresh fruits produced in an experimental unit. We also determined the production of fruits per hectare and per plant. The statistical design used in the experiment was of completely randomized blocks with 6 treatments (cultivars) and 4 replicates where the experimental unit was composed of 8 plants. The harvest began in the first half of August, extending to the second half of December, totalling 20 weeks. Plarionfre, Earlibrite and Festival cultivars showed higher production from the first half of October until the end of the first half of November. Camarosa reached higher productivity, mass of plants and fruit weight. There were no differences between the evaluated cultivars in the levels of TSS, antocianin, ATT and pH during the period of evaluation.

scholarly journals Phosphorus (P) improves industrial tomato quality and yield in soil with high phosphorus content

2020 ◽  
pp. 1335-1341
Author(s):  
Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho ◽  
Bruno Trevizaneli ◽  
Sergio Manuel Rugeles Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
P Content ◽  
Tomato Processing ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Solids Content

Soils under intensive and successive cropping with central pivot irrigation tend to present high nutrient contents, especially phosphorus (P), which is a nutrient with a great impact on the yield and quality of agricultural products. Among the rotating crops, the application of high P rates is common in processing tomato, although not supported by research. This work evaluates the effect of phosphate fertilization (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 kg ha-1 P2O5) on the yield and quality of industrial tomato ‘Heinz 9553’ grown in a soil with high available P content (145 mg dm-3) resulting of an intensive vegetables cultivation, which have high demand by P. The highest total (127.4 t ha-1) and commercial (108.6 t ha-1) yields were obtained with 413.9 and 384 kg ha-1 P2O5, respectively. The results showed that pH of tomato juice, the percentages of green, red, and commercial fruits were not influenced by the applied P rates. However, nutrient delivery increased the soluble solids content up to 356 kg ha-1 P2O5, which is interesting for tomato processing. After harvesting the fruits, the available soil P content was increased with P supply to the plants. For improvement of commercial yield and soluble solids characteristics, the tomato crop shall be fertilised with P even though the soil has high P content.

scholarly journals Melon fruit yield and quality as a function of doses and times of biostimulant application

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e130973911
Author(s):  
Roberto Cleiton Fernandes de Queiroga ◽  
Zaqueu Lopes da Silva ◽  
Odair Honorato Oliveira de ◽  
Elidayane da Nóbrega Santos ◽  
Higínio Luan Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Fruit Mass

The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and quality of melon fruits as a function of the dose and time of application of biostimulant in the conditions of the semi-arid region of Paraíba. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Campina Grande, campus of Pombal - PB, Brazil, in a randomized block design in a 4 x 5 split plot scheme, with doses of biostimulant (0; 0.5; 1.0; 1, 5 and 2.0 L ha-1) and in the subset of the biostimulant application times (15; 20; 25 and 30 days before harvest - DAC), in four replications. Characteristics related to fruit production and quality were evaluated. There was no interaction between the factors of dose and application time of the biostimulant in any of the evaluated characteristics. Thus, the highest estimated values of number of fruits per plant, fruit mass and total melon production were obtained with the application of doses ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 L ha-1 and at the time of application it varied from 22,5 to 23.6 DAC. The content of soluble solids increased 5.5% when the biostimulant dose of 2.0 L ha-1 was used and 4.4% when the product was applied 15 days before harvest.

scholarly journals Effect of Watermelon Rind (Citrullus lanatus) Addition on the Functional, Pasting and Microbiological Quality of Sorghum Based Mumu

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Stephen T. Gbaa ◽  
Samuel A. Ahemen ◽  
Christiana O. Ameh
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Pasting Properties ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Sorghum Flour ◽  
Watermelon Rind ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Pasting Temperature ◽  
Powder Addition

The effect of watermelon rind powder addition on the functional, pasting and microbiological quality of Sorghum based mumu was evaluated. Sorghum-based mumu was prepared from composite flours of 85:15, 75:15, 70:15 and 65:15% roasted sorghum flour and roasted partially defatted groundnut flour respectively and included with 0, 10, 15 and 20% watermelon rind powder respectively which were known as sample A, B, C and D accordingly. Subsequently, the functional, pasting properties and microbial quality was assessed. Functional properties values; Bulk density (0.89 to 0.80mg/100g), reconstitution index (4.99 to 4.89) and swelling index (2.35 to 2.20) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increase in watermelon powder addition while water absorption (10.36 to 10.97g/g), oil absorption (10.33 to 10.79) and foam capacities (12.46 to 13.85%) increased with increase in watermelon rind powder.  The pasting properties; peak (302.22 to 292.44 RVU), trough (156.44 to 150.00 RVU) and Final viscosities (412.69 to 400.76RVU), and breakdown (149.95 to 140.59RVU) decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increased in watermelon rind powder while setback viscosity (101.05 to 115.59RVU), pasting temperature (59.32 to 62.02oC) and pasting time (4.93 to 5.13mins) increased. Microbial analysis revealed the following ranges: Total viable count, 0.5x102 to1.0x102 cfu/g, fungi count of 6.1x101- 9.9x101 cfu/g and no coliform was detected. Overall, addition of watermelon rind powder showed good functional, pasting and microbiological qualities of sorghum based mumu.

Influence of gibberellic acid and N6-benzyladenine on the development of seed and shot berries in the seedless grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Perlette

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
K. Usha ◽  
D. Kashyap ◽  
B. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seedless Grape

Gibberellins have been used to improve quality of grapes in several cases. However, gibberellic acid (GA) alone is not enough to improve the quality in Perlette. A field experiment was conducted on 3-year-old grape cv. Perlette trained on pergolas, to investigate the effect of bunch dipping with GA3 and N6-benzyladenine (BA) on reducing the problem of shot berries and improving the productivity of grapevines. Our observations proved that the stage of application of GA3 and BA is crucial to avoiding seed formation in seedless varieties such as Perlette for table grapes. The results showed that BA at low (10 µL/L) or high concentration (30 µL/L) at 50% of full bloom caused seed development in the seedless grape cv. Perlette, whereas no seed was formed when BA was used later at the fruit set stage. Based on our studies, we found that bunch dipping with 30 µL/L GA3 (at 50% of full bloom) and 10µL/L BA (at pea size) significantly reduced the problem of shot berries, and improved the yield and quality in grape cv. Perlette.

Effect of nitrogen on the yield and quality of irrigated onions (Allium cepa L.) cv. Cream Gold grown on siliceous sands

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Maier ◽  
AP Dahlenburg ◽  
TK Twigden
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Scale Thickness ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

The effect of nitrogen (N), at rates up to 590 kg N/ha, on the yield and quality of Cream Gold onions grown on siliceous sands was investigated in field experiments conducted during 1987-88 (1 site) and 1988-89 (2 sites). As the rate of applied N increased there was a significant (P<0.001) increase in the fresh weight of tops harvested when the largest bulbs were 25-30 mm in diameter. Fresh weight of tops was significantly (P<0.001) correlated with final marketable yield of bulbs. Nitrogen application accelerated top senescence. Nitrogen-deficient plants had erect green tops at harvest. Marketable yield was significantly (P<0.01) increased and the yield of culls (unmarketable bulbs) was significantly (P<0.01) decreased as the rate of N increased at all sites. Nitrogen rates in the range 299-358 kg N/ha were required for 95% of maximum yield. Scale thickness increased significantly (P<0.05) and glucose and fructose concentrations decreased significantly (P<0.05) at 2 sites as the rate of applied N increased. Soluble solids and dry matter of bulbs were not affected by N. Bulb size increased as the rate of applied N increased, however, the magnitude of the effect varied between sites. Number of days to 10% sprouting during storage at 15 � 0.5�C was significantly increased as the rate of applied N increased up to 40 kg N/ha at 2 sites. We have concluded that for the cv. Cream Gold grown on siliceous sands, the high rates of fertiliser N required to maximise marketable yield and bulb size were not detrimental to quality.

The effect of organic mulches and mycorrhizal substrate on growth, yield and quality of Gold Milenium apples on M.9 rootstock

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Sas-Paszt ◽  
Kris Pruski ◽  
Edward Żurawicz ◽  
Beata Sumorok ◽  
Edyta Derkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Yield And Quality

Sas-Paszt, L., Pruski, K., Żurawicz, E., Sumorok, B., Derkowska, E. and Głuszek, S. 2014. The effect of organic mulches and mycorrhizal substrate on growth, yield and quality of Gold Milenium apples on M.9 rootstock. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 281–291. A 3-yr study was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic mulches and mycorrhizal substrate on growth and yield of apple cv. Gold Milenium grown on M.9 rootstock. Straw (rye), pine bark, conifer tree sawdust, compost (plant debris), cow manure, peat moss substrate (commercial), and mycorrhiza substrate (Mykoflor®, containing mycorrhizal fungi: Glomus intraradices, G. mosseae, G. etunicatum) were applied in spring of each year. All the applied treatments did not affect significantly the tree growth. Mulches did not have a positive effect on total soluble solids of the fruit and the number of fruits in different size categories. Only sawdust mulch significantly increased the number of fruit in size diameter class of 7.0–7.5 cm compared with the control. The use of mulches affected the concentration of macro- and microelements in leaves, particularly Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn. Mulches positively affected the pH and organic matter content of soil. The best results were observed with the use of the compost, cow manure and the mycorrhizal substrate, where the concentrations of P, K and Mg, most of microelements and soil organic matter were elevated.

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