Does bilateral index differ between countermovement jump, drop jump and squat jump?

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 227-228
Author(s):  
E. Simoneau ◽  
A. Toumi ◽  
C. Gillet ◽  
S. Leteneur
Author(s):  
Antônio Sautírio Fernandes Júnior ◽  
Gabriel Silveira ◽  
Jean de Junio Moraes Silva ◽  
Thiago Henrique Hormann ◽  
Joelmir José Jopes ◽  
...  

O salto vertical é uma habilidade humana utilizada como indicador de potência dos membros inferiores. O parâmetro mais utilizado para a sua avaliação é a altura do salto, que é considerado o deslocamento do centro de massa do corpo. Há três métodos comumente utilizados para este fim: o método ótico baseado em vídeo (VID), considerado o métodopadrão ouro, mas requer um processamento de dados bastante trabalhoso; o método baseado na força de reação vertical do solo, que requer um equipamento com custo bastante elevado; e o método do tempo de voo (TV). O método TV, apesar de ser simples e de baixo custo (pode ser utilizado um smartphone), pode apresentar um erro considerável quando a técnica do salto não é bem executada e este método também não permite a medida da profundidade doagachamento realizada na fase de propulsão do salto. Com a ideia de desenvolver um novo sistema simples, portátil, de baixo custo e que utilize o método VID (padrão ouro), desenvolvemos um sistema embarcado utilizando um Raspberry Pi (mini-computador) e uma câmera infravermelho com LEDs emissores de infravermelho. O sistema mede a altura dosalto vertical e a profundidade de agachamento rastreando (tracking) o deslocamento de um marcador reflexivo posicionado na cintura do indivíduo avaliado durante o salto vertical. O processamento é realizado pela linguagem Python, por meio de funções da biblioteca OpenCV e da biblioteca picamera para a captura de dados. A interface do sistema foi desenvolvida em ambiente Web, utilizando framework Django em conjunto com Bootstrap, com objetivo deser multiplataforma. Para armazenamento dos dados das avaliações foi utilizado o banco de dados SQLite. Para o processamento dos dados (tracking do marcador reflexivo), foi necessário construir um calibrador (objeto de dimensões conhecidas) para que fosse possível a conversão da distância de deslocamento em pixels para uma distância real, em centímetros. O calibrador é uma pequena caixa retangular com dois pontos de referência separados por uma distância de 10 cm que é colocado a frente do indivíduo, e na mesma linha, durante a avaliação do salto vertical. Para melhor desempenho do algoritmo de tracking técnicas de eliminação de ruídos foram aplicadas. Além disso, o sistema permite o ajuste dos parâmetros da câmera, como brilho, contraste, ISO e shutter, através da interface web que envia os parâmetros que serão utilizados pela biblioteca picamera. Portanto, com a utilização deste novo sistema embarcado é possível avaliar a altura e profundidade dos seguintes tipos de salto vertical encontrados na literatura: countermovement jump, squat jump, continuous jump e drop jump com facilidade. Com o sistema embarcado e um computador, o usuário será capaz, por meio da interface web, de gravar, analisar e gerar relatórios dos diferentes tipos de saltos verticais.


Author(s):  
Betül Coşkun ◽  
Dicle Aras ◽  
Cengiz Akalan ◽  
Settar Kocak ◽  
Michael J. Hamlin

AbstractStrength training in hypoxia has been shown to enhance hypertrophy and function of skeletal muscle, however, the effects of plyometric training in hypoxia is relatively unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of plyometric training in hypoxia compared to normoxia on body composition, sprint and jump parameters. Twenty-three male physical education students (20.4±2.0 years, mean±SD) participated in the study and were divided into a plyometric training in hypoxia (PTH, n=8), plyometric training in normoxia (PTN, n=7) or control group (C, n=8). The PTH group trained in normobaric hypoxia (approximately 3536 m) 3 days/week for 8 weeks, while the PTN trained in normoxia. PTH induced significant improvements from baseline to post-testing in countermovement-jump (37.8±6.7 cm, 43.4±5.0 cm, p<0.05), squat-jump (35.4±6.2 cm, 41.1±5.7 cm, p<0.05), drop-jump height (32.8±6 cm, 38.1±6 cm, p<0.05) and 20-m sprint performance (3257.1±109.5 ms, 3145.8±83.6 ms, p<0.05); whereas PTN produced significant improvement only in countermovement-jump (37.3±4.8 cm, 40.5±4.5 cm, p<0.05) and 20-m sprint performance (3209.3±76.1 ms, 3126.6±100.4 ms, p<0.05). Plyometric training under hypoxic conditions induces greater improvement in some jump measures (drop-jump and squat-jump) compared to similar training in normoxia.


2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (Avance Online) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antenor Calandrini Azevedo ◽  
Deivison Soares Meninea ◽  
Arthur Pinto Magno ◽  
Thyago Martins Silva ◽  
Romulo Oliveira Sousa ◽  
...  

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a confiabilidade e reprodutibilidade do aplicativo Jumpo® para medida de saltos verticais de lutadores. Método: Participaram 16 atletas de ambos os sexos com idade média de 19 ± 5 anos, estatura de 1.7 ± 0.1 m, massa corporal de 65 ± 15 kg. A presente investigação contabilizou dois encontros, nos quais foram realizados teste-reteste de ambos os instrumentos de avaliações para os seguintes saltos verticais: Countermovement Jump, Squat Jump e Drop Jump, medidos simultaneamente com o Tapete de Contato e o Jumpo®. Foram analisados o tempo de contato com o solo e a altura máxima de salto. Para análise estatística foi aplicado coeficiente de correlação intraclasse destinado às avaliações intra e inter-avaliadores. Já os comparativos entre Jumpo® e tapete de contato foram utilizados novamente o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e a análise gráfica de Bland-Altman. Resultados: Concordâncias “quase perfeitas” para altura máxima em todos os saltos, tanto intra-avaliadores (CCI= 0.911-0.959), como inter-avaliadores (CCI= 0.939-0.951) e inter-instrumentos (CCI= 0.939-0.972) foram encontradas. Porém, o tempo de solo não apresentou concordância significante inter-instrumentos (p<0.360). Entretanto, foram encontrados valores inter-avaliadores estatisticamente significativos (p<0.001). Conclusão: O Jumpo® parece ser uma ferramenta válida e reprodutível para medida de altura máxima de saltos verticais, mas não para o tempo de contato com o solo. Sugere-se, portanto, que treinadores e técnicos podem ser encorajados a utilizar esta ferramenta para avaliação e monitoramento do desempenho de saltos em lutadores. Resumen Objetivo: Investigar la confiabilidad y reproducibilidad de la aplicación Jumpo® para la medida de saltos verticales en luchadores. Método: Participaron 16 atletas de ambos os sexos con edad media de 19 ± 5 años, estatura de 1.7 ± 0.1 m, masa corporal de 65 ± 15 kg. La presente investigación contabilizó dos encuentros en los que se realizaron pruebas y re-test de ambos instrumentos de evaluación para los siguientes saltos verticales: Countermovement Jump, Squat Jump y Drop Jump, medidos simultáneamente con la Superfície de Contacto y el Jumpo®. Se analizaron el tiempo de contacto con el suelo y la altura máxima de salto. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicó coeficiente de correlación intraclase destinado a las evaluaciones intra e inter-evaluadores. Los comparativos entre Jumpo® y la superfície de contacto se utilizaron nuevamente el coeficiente de correlación intraclase y el análisis gráfico de Bland-Altman. Resultados: Concordancias "casi perfectas" para altura máxima en todos los saltos, tanto intra-evaluadores (CCI = 0.911-0.959), como inter-evaluadores (CCI = 0.939-0.951) e inter-instrumentos (CCI = 0.939-0.972) encontrado. Sin embargo, el tiempo de contacto con el suelo no presentó concordancia significante inter-instrumentos (p <0.360). Sin embargo, se encontraron valores inter-evaluadores estadísticamente significativos (p <0.001). Conclusión: El Jumpo® parece ser una herramienta válida y reproducible para medida de altura máxima de saltos verticales, pero no para el tiempo de contacto. Se sugiere, por lo tanto, que entrenadores y técnicos puedan ser alentados a utilizar esta herramienta para evaluación y monitoreo del desempeño de saltos en luchadores. Abstract Objective: To investigate the reliability and reproducibility of the Jumpo® application for vertical jumping measurement. Method: 16 athletes of both sexes with a mean age of 19 ± 5 years, height of 1.7 ± 0.1 m, body mass of 65 ± 15 kg were included. The present investigation counted two meetings, in which test-retest of both assessment instruments for the following vertical jumps: Countermovement Jump, Squat Jump and Drop Jump, measured simultaneously with the Contact Mat and Jumpo®. Contact time with soil the ground and maximum jump height were analyzed. For statistical analysis, intraclass correlation coefficient was applied for intra- and inter-rater assessments. The comparisons between Jumpo® and contact mat performed by intraclass correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman graphic analysis. Results: Almost perfect agreement for maximum height in all jumps, both intra-rater (ICC = 0.911-0.959), and inter-rater (ICC = 0.939-0.951) and inter-instrument (ICC = 0.939-0.972) were found. However, the contact time presented no significance (p <0.360) in relation to inter-instrument measurements. However, statistically significant inter-rater values ​​were found (p <0.001). Conclusion: Jumpo® seems to be a valid and reproducible tool for measuring maximum vertical jumps height, but not for contact time. It is suggested, therefore, that coaches and trainers can be encouraged to use this tool for evaluation and monitoring of jumping performance in fighters.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2021) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Sebastian Möck ◽  
◽  
René Hartmann ◽  
Klaus Wirth ◽  
◽  
...  

A high level of sprinting performance is relevant in various sports. Because of the transition of movement patterns in different sprint sections there is a shift in the relevance of speed-strength of the knee and hip extensors, and stretch-shortening cycle performance seems conceivable. Fifty-six physical education students (23.70 ± 3.00 years, 176.9 ± 8.10cm, 74.20 ± 10.30kg) were investigated. They performed sprints up to 30m in which different sections were analyzed and vertical jumps (squat jump, countermovement jump, drop jump from different dropping heights). Vertical jumping tests in squat jump and countermovement jump revealed mean values of 31.95 ± 6.56cm and 34.28 ± 7.47cm, respectively, while the drop jumps showed mean RSI values between 155.11 ± 36.77 and 168.24 ± 36.29 dependent on the dropping height. The sprint test showed a mean performance of 4.464 ± .343s (30m). The correlational analysis showed significant correlations (p < .01) for vertical jumping height with all sprinting sections (r = −.652 to −.834). Drop jump performance also showed significant correlations (p < .01) with all the sections (r = −.379 to −.594). The results let us hypothesize that the observed sample generated similar ground-reaction forces in the sprint and drop jump from a height of 40 cm.


Author(s):  
Eduardo Guimarães ◽  
José A. R. Maia ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Filipa Sousa ◽  
Eduardo Santos ◽  
...  

Although successful performance in basketball requires high levels of muscular strength during adolescence, its development is confounded by the effects of normal growth. We examine the timing, intensity and sequence of muscular strength according to biological age (years from peak height velocity (PHV)) and hypothesize that young basketball players attain their peak muscular strength spurts around PHV. A total of 160 adolescent male basketballers, aged 11–15 years, were followed bi-annually over 3 consecutive years. The years from attainment of PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) were estimated and five muscular strength measures (sit-ups, handgrip, seated medicine ball throw, squat jump and countermovement jump) were aligned to years from PHV in 3-month intervals. Strength velocities were estimated using a non-smooth mathematical model. The mean ages at-PHV and at-PWV were 13.90 ± 1.40 years and 13.90 ± 1.79 years, respectively. Maximal velocity in sit-ups was attained 6 months prior to attainment of PHV (intensity = 10.69 repetitions·year−1), whereas maximal velocity in squat jump occurred 6 months after-PHV (intensity = 3.93 cm·year−1). Handgrip strength, seated medicine ball throw and countermovement jump maximal velocity peaked at-PHV (intensity = 8.47 kgf·year−1, intensity = 0.75 m·year−1, intensity = 5.59 cm·year−1, respectively). In general, maximal velocity spurts did not differ in their timing, with the velocities reaching a peak concurrent with PHV and PWV or within 6 months of its attainment. Basketball coaches, as well as strength and conditioning trainers, should consider individual differences in strength development and be aware of rapid periods of growth in stature when planning and designing muscular strength training regimes.


Author(s):  
Carmen Ferragut ◽  
Román Pedreira ◽  
José Julio Espina ◽  
Helena Vila

Multidirectional running has been described as an important factor in team sports performance. The aim of the present study was to determine changes in T-test, 505 time, 10 m sprint, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), countermovement jump right leg (CMJRL), and countermovement jump left leg (CMJLL) following exposure to 12 sessions over 4 weeks of a multidirectional running sprint training intervention in male and female handball players. A total of 31 handball players (15 male and 16 female) were recruited for this study and then randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG) or control group (CG). Male EG players showed improvements in 505 Preferred Side (PS) (p ≤ 0.05), 505 Non-Preferred Side (NPS) (p ≤ 0.05), and 10 m sprint (p ≤ 0.05), while female EG players presented statistically significant improvements between pre- and post-test for the T-test (p ≤ 0.05), 505 PS (p ≤ 0.05), 505 NPS (p ≤ 0.05), and 10 m sprint (p ≤ 0.05). No statistically significant pre- and post-test differences were observed in CG (all p ≥ 0.05) or between male and female players. We found an improvement in handball players’ agility and speed of movement following the intervention protocol, suggesting the need to introduce this program into our training sessions. It may also be necessary to select and develop more specific tests in order to evaluate multidirectional work in handball players.


2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín ◽  
Juan José Salinero ◽  
Javier Abían-Vicen ◽  
Francisco Areces ◽  
Beatriz Lara ◽  
...  

P-Synephrine is a protoalkaloid widely used as an ergogenic aid in sports. This substance has been included in the World Anti-Doping Agency monitoring program, although scientific information about its effects on performance and athletes’ well-being is scarce. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of p-synephrine to increase performance in sprint athletes. In a randomized and counterbalanced order, 13 experienced sprinters performed 2 acute experimental trials after the ingestion of p-synephrine (3 mg·kg−1) or after the ingestion of a placebo (control trial). Forty-five minutes after the ingestion of the substances, the sprinters performed a squat jump, a countermovement jump, a 15-s repeated jump test, and subsequently performed 60-m and 100-m simulated sprint competitions. Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess side-effect prevalence. In comparison with the control trial, the ingestion of p-synephrine did not change countermovement jump height (37.4 ± 4.2 vs 36.7 ± 3.3 cm, respectively; P = 0.52), squat jump height (34.4 ± 3.6 vs 33.9 ± 3.7 cm; P = 0.34), or average 15-s repeated jumps height (31.8 ± 4.1 vs 32.2 ± 3.6 cm; P = 0.18). P-Synephrine did not modify maximal running speed during the 60-m (9.0 ± 0.5 vs 9.0 ± 0.4 m·s−1, respectively; P = 0.55) and 100-m sprint competitions (8.8 ± 0.5 vs 8.8 ± 0.5 m·s−1, respectively; P = 0.92). The ingestion of p-synephrine did not alter the prevalence of headache, gastrointestinal discomforts, muscle pain, or insomnia during the hours following the tests. Acute consumption of 3 mg·kg−1 of p-synephrine was ineffective to increase performance in competitive sprint athletes. Moreover, p-synephrine did not increase the occurrence of side effects after the competition.


Author(s):  
Marcin Maciejczyk ◽  
Renata Błyszczuk ◽  
Aleksander Drwal ◽  
Beata Nowak ◽  
Marek Strzała

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of short-term (4 weeks, twice a week: 8 sessions) plyometric training on agility, jump, and repeated sprint performance in female soccer players. The study comprised 17 females performing this sports discipline. The players were randomly divided into two groups: with plyometric training (PLY) and the control (CON). All players followed the same training program, but the PLY group also performed plyometric exercises. Tests used to evaluate physical performance were carried out immediately before and after PLY. After implementing the short PLY training, significant improvement in jump performance (squat jump: p = 0.04, ES = 0.48, countermovement jump: p = 0.009, ES = 0.42) and agility (p = 0.003, ES = 0.7) was noted in the PLY group. In the CON group, no significant (p > 0.05) changes in physical performance were observed. In contrast, PLY did not improve repeated sprint performance (p > 0.05) among female soccer players. In our research, it was shown that PLY can also be effective when performed for only 4 weeks instead of the 6–12 weeks typically applied.


Author(s):  
Mehrez Hammami ◽  
Nawel Gaamouri ◽  
Yosser Cherni ◽  
Sabri Gaied ◽  
Mohamed Souhaiel Chelly ◽  
...  

This study examined the effect of 10-week complex strength training with elastic band program on fitness components in young female handball players. Thirty-eight handball players aged 15.8 ± 0.2 years were randomly assigned to an experimental group or control group. The experimental group performed complex strength training with elastic band twice a week over 10 weeks, which included 8 workshops of progressing set length (number of sets) and band resistance for each specific exercise. Sessions were lasted approximately 35 min. The control group maintained regular in-season training. Tests included handgrip; back extensor; medicine ball throw; 30 m sprint times; Modified Illinois change-of-direction (Illinois-MT); four jump tests (squat jump, countermovement jump, countermovement jump with arms and five jump test; static (stork test) and dynamic (Y balance test) balance; and repeated sprint T-test. The experimental group enhanced all strength performance (handgrip right ( p < 0.001), handgrip left ( p < 0.001), back extensor strength ( p < 0.001) and medicine ball throw ( p < 0.001) compared to the controls); sprint performance (5 m ( p<0.001), 10 m ( p < 0.001), 20 m ( p < 0.001), and 30 m ( p < 0.001)); the change of direction (Illinois-MT ( p < 0.001)); jump performance (squat jump ( p < 0.001), countermovement jump ( p < 0.001), countermovement jump with arms ( p < 0.001), and five jump test ( p < 0.01)); and the repeated sprint T-test scores ( p<0.001in all scores). In contrast, no significant difference in both static and dynamic balance performance between experimental group and control group. Ten weeks of complex strength training with elastic band improve fitness components measures in young female handball players then habitual training.


2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Tulio Alfano Moura ◽  
Leonardo Dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
Robson Furlan Ricardo ◽  
Marcelo Alves Costa ◽  
Victor Hugo Alves Okazaki
Keyword(s):  

Em provas do atletismo que requerem potência muscular, há uma maior tendência de utilização de fibras do tipo II. Desta forma, exercícios de força como atividade condicionante podem acarretar em melhora no processo de contração muscular e no desempenho da atividade seguinte. Portanto, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar o efeito de diferentes atividades condicionantes na altura de salto vertical em atletas de provas de salto no atletismo. Doze atletas de elite do atletismo brasileiro (7 homens e 5 mulheres; 16 a 27 anos), em início de temporada esportiva, realizaram um teste de salto vertical com contra-movimento. Os testes foram realizados após três condições em dias distintos, a saber: I) Sem Atividade Condicionante (Controle), II) Squat Jump com 80% da massa corporal e III) Drop Jump de uma altura de 40cm. Foram realizados três saltos verticais após cada atividade condicionante. Adotou-se um intervalo de três minutos entre a realização da atividade condicionante e salto vertical e de um minuto entre cada tentativa de salto vertical. Foi demonstrado efeito do fator atividade condicionante para a altura de salto vertical, F(11, 22) = 9,69; P < 0,001. A condição Squat Jump apresentou maior altura do salto vertical quando comparada à condição controle (P = 0,003; ?2 = 0,64). Em contrapartida, não foi encontrado aumento do salto vertical na condição Drop Jump quando comparada à condição controle (P = 0,99). O número de saltos e o limitado controle da técnica utilizada durante a realização do Drop Jump podem ter influenciado o desempenho do salto vertical. Desta forma, o aparecimento da potencialização pós-ativação está condicionado à intensidade e à natureza da atividade condicionante. Por conseguinte, sugerimos que a realização de Squat Jump pode ser benéfica para o desempenho de atletas de modalidades de potência.


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