scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of a Stochastic Simulation of Cartilage Bone Osteogenesis

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-142
Author(s):  
R. P. Church ◽  
C. M. Langton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Stochastic Simulation ◽  
Chaotic System ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
First Report ◽  
Simulation Parameters

Both long and irregular bones tend to form via endochondral ossification and are referred to as cartilage bones. Based upon the hypothesis that bone grows and forms as a semi-deterministic/semi-chaotic system, it should be possible to accurately model the osteogenesis of cartilage bones using a stochastic simulation. A thorough review of the literature has been undertaken enabling the cell types and tissues to be identified and a set of simulation rules to be established. The operation of the simulation has been evaluated longitudinally, reporting bone and blood vessel structures as the simulation develops to completion with fusion of the epiphyses; the simulation variability has been assessed by repeat runs using the same default conditions; and the effect of independently modifying key simulation parameters has been studied. This is thought to be the first report of a stochastic simulation of cartilage bone osteogenesis. The developed structures accurately follow the growth and form of irregular cartilage bones such as the vertebrae or calcaneus. The future of the simulation is now dependent primarily upon its potential utility in the field of bone metabolism and disease.

scholarly journals Rosehip Extract-Functionalized Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Osteoblastic and Osteoclastic Cells

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4172
Author(s):  
Laura Costa Pinho ◽  
Thais Francini Garbieri ◽  
Liliana Grenho ◽  
Marta M. Alves ◽  
Pedro Sousa Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Alp Activity ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles

Considering the role of magnesium in bone metabolism and the increasing relevance of plant-mediated green-synthesis, this work compares the bone cytocompatibility of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles (NPs) produced by using pure water, Mg(OH)2, or a rosehip (RH) aqueous extract, Mg(OH)2RH. The NPs were evaluated for dose- and time-dependent effects on human osteoblastic and osteoclastic response, due to the direct involvement of the two cell types in bone metabolism. Mg(OH)2 NPs presented nanoplatelet-like morphology (mean diameter ~90 nm) and a crystalline structure (XRD analysis); the RH-mediated synthesis yielded smaller rounded particles (mean diameter <10 nm) with decreased crystallinity. On the ATR–FTIR spectra, both NPs presented the characteristic Mg-OH peaks; Mg(OH)2RH exhibited additional vibration bands associated with the presence of phytochemicals. On osteoblastic cells, NPs did not affect cell growth and morphology but significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity; on osteoclastic cells, particles had little effect in protein content, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, percentage of multinucleated cells, and cell area. However, compared with Mg(OH)2, Mg(OH)2RH increased osteoblastic differentiation by inducing ALP activity and promoting the expression of Runx2, SP7, Col1a1, and ALP, and had a negative effect on the expression of the osteoclastic genes NFATC1, CA2, and CTSK. These observations suggest the potential usefulness of Mg(OH)2RH NPs in bone regeneration.

Haematoma Block for Fractures of the Wrist: A Cause of Compartment Syndrome

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. YOUNGE
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
First Report ◽  
Type Of Anaesthesia

A case of compartment syndrome after haematoma block for a fracture of the distal radius is reported. This seems to be the first report of this complication. A review of the literature revealed seven other cases of compartmental ischaemia reported after fracture of the distal radius, and a haematoma block was used in all the cases where the type of anaesthesia was known. It is suggested that the additional fluid added for a haematoma block can precipitate a compartment syndrome, which may be more common than the scarcity of cases reported would indicate.

scholarly journals Bacteremia Caused by Kocuria kristinae from Egypt: Are There More? A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem M. Hassan ◽  
Dina M. Bassiouny ◽  
Yomna Matar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci ◽  
Kocuria Kristinae

Kocuria kristinae is opportunistic Gram-positive cocci from the family Micrococcaceae. It is usually considered part of the normal flora that rarely is isolated from clinical specimens. Here, we report a case of Kocuria kristinae bacteremia; to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report from Egypt.

scholarly journals Bone Biomarkers in Mucopolysaccharidoses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12651
Author(s):  
Akari Nakamura-Utsunomiya
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Biomarkers ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
Replacement Treatment ◽  
Bone Disorder ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
And Cartilage

The accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in bone and cartilage leads to progressive damage in cartilage that, in turn, reduces bone growth by the destruction of the growth plate, incomplete ossification, and growth imbalance. The mechanisms of pathophysiology related to bone metabolism in mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) include impaired chondrocyte function and the failure of endochondral ossification, which leads to the release of inflammatory cytokines via the activation of Toll-like receptors by GAGs. Although improvements in the daily living of patients with MPS have been achieved with enzyme replacement, treatment for the bone disorder is limited. There is an increasing need to identify biomarkers related to bone and cartilage to evaluate the progressive status and to monitor the treatment of MPS. Recently, new analysis methods, such as proteomic analysis, have identified new biomarkers in MPS. This review summarizes advances in clinical bone metabolism and bone biomarkers.

BET 1: Prone positioning of awake patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 379.2-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Bell ◽  
Daniel Horner
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Prone Positioning ◽  
Awake Patient ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Study Type

A short-cut review of the literature was carried out to examine the potential utility of prone positioning in awake patients with hypoxaemic respiratory failure. Four papers were identified as suitable for inclusion using the reported search strategy. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of the best papers are tabulated. It is concluded that there is no evidence that regular prone positioning in the awake patient with hypoxaemic respiratory failure impacts on clinically relevant outcomes. Further research is required to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this intervention, compared with routine mobilisation strategies.

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in scleroderma patients: first report of a case with anti-proteinase 3 antibodies and review of the literature

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Caramaschi ◽  
Domenico Biasi ◽  
Elisabetta Tonolli ◽  
Antonio Carletto ◽  
Lisa Maria Bambara
Keyword(s):  
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies ◽  
Proteinase 3 ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals The prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in Japan – the first report of measurement by CT and review of the literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuhiko Hirasawa ◽  
Norimitsu Wakao ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kamiya ◽  
Mikinobu Takeuchi ◽  
Katsuhisa Kawanami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
First Report
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