Essential oil of Myrciaria tenella (DC.) O. Berg: effects of distillation time on its chemical composition and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects

Background: The essential oil of methyl eugenol rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack. was evaluated and its bioactivities were compared with pure methyl eugenol. So far, methyl eugenol rich essential oil of lemongrass was not studied for any biological activities; hence, the present study was conducted. Objective: This study examined the chemical composition of essential oil of methyl eugenol rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., and evaluated its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and herbicidal properties and genotoxicity, which were compared with pure compound, methyl eugenol. Material and Methods: Methyl eugenol rich variety of Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., with registration no. INGR18037 (c.v. Jor Lab L-9) was collected from experimental farm CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, Assam (26.7378°N, 94.1570°E). The essential oil wasobtained by hydro-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oil was evaluated using GC/MS analysis and its antioxidant (DPPH assay, reducing power assay), anti-inflammatory (Egg albumin denaturation assay), and antimicrobial (Disc diffusion assay, MIC) properties, seed germination effect and genotoxicity (Allium cepa assay) were studied and compared with pure Methyl Eugenol compound (ME). Results: Major components detected in the Essential Oil (EO) through Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis were methyl eugenol (73.17%) and β-myrcene (8.58%). A total of 35components were detected with a total identified area percentage of 98.34%. DPPH assay revealed considerable antioxidant activity of methyl eugenol rich lemongrass essential oil (IC50= 2.263 μg/mL), which is lower than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 2.58 μg/mL), and higher than standard Methyl Eugenol (ME) (IC50 2.253 μg/mL). Methyl eugenol rich lemongrass EO showed IC50 38.00 μg/mL, ME 36.44 μg/mL, and sodium diclofenac 22.76 μg/mL, in in-vitro anti-inflammatory test. Moderate antimicrobial activity towards the 8 tested microbes was shown by methyl eugenol rich lemongrass essential oil whose effectiveness against the microbes was less as compared to pure ME standard. Seed germination assay further revealed the herbicidal properties of methyl eugenol rich essential oil. Moreover, Allium cepa assay revealed moderate genotoxicity of the essential oil. Conclusion: This paper compared the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, genotoxicity and herbicidal activities of methyl eugenol rich lemongrass with pure methyl eugenol. This methyl eugenol rich lemongrass variety can be used as an alternative of methyl eugenol pure compound. Hence, the essential oil of this variety has the potential of developing cost-effective, easily available antioxidative/ antimicrobial drugs but its use should be under the safety range of methyl eugenol and needs further clinical trials.

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Chemical Composition, Allelopathic, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Sesquiterpenes Rich Essential Oil of Cleome amblyocarpa Barratte & Murb.

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10071294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1294

Author(s):

Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad ◽

Abdelbaset M. Elgamal ◽

Yasser A. EI-Amier ◽

Tarik A. Mohamed ◽

Abd El-Nasser G. El Gendy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Chemometric Analysis ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Authentic Materials ◽

Dactyloctenium Aegyptium ◽

Hexahydrofarnesyl Acetone ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The integration of green natural chemical resources in agricultural, industrial, and pharmaceutical applications allures researchers and scientistic worldwide. Cleome amblyocarpa has been reported as an important medicinal plant. However, its essential oil (EO) has not been well studied; therefore, the present study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of the C. amblyocarpa, collected from Egypt, and assess the allelopathic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of its EO. The EO of C. amblyocarpa was extracted by hydrodistillation and characterized via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The chemometric analysis of the EO composition of the present studied ecospecies and the other reported ecospecies was studied. The allelopathic activity of the EO was evaluated against the weed Dactyloctenium aegyptium. Additionally, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were determined. Forty-eight compounds, with a prespondence of sesquiterpenes, were recorded. The major compounds were caryophyllene oxide (36.01%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (7.92%), alloaromadendrene epoxide (6.17%), myrtenyl acetate (5.73%), isoshyobunone (4.52%), shyobunol (4.19%), and trans-caryophyllene (3.45%). The chemometric analysis revealed inconsistency in the EO composition among various studied ecospecies, where it could be ascribed to the environmental and climatic conditions. The EO showed substantial allelopathic inhibitory activity against the germination, seedling root, and shoot growth of D. aegyptium, with IC50 values of 54.78, 57.10, and 74.07 mg L−1. Additionally, the EO showed strong antioxidant potentiality based on the IC50 values of 4.52 mg mL−1 compared to 2.11 mg mL−1 of the ascorbic acid as standard. Moreover, this oil showed significant anti-inflammation via the suppression of lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenases (COX1, and COX2), along with membrane stabilization. Further study is recommended for analysis of the activity of pure authentic materials of the major compounds either singularly or in combination, as well as for evaluation of their mechanism(s) and modes of action as antioxidants or allelochemicals.

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Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Anticancer Activities of Bark Essential Oil of Cryptocarya amygdalina from India

Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants ◽

10.1080/0972060x.2021.1950051 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Asit Ray ◽

Sudipta Jena ◽

Ambika Sahoo ◽

Pradeep Kumar Kamila ◽

Prabhat Kumar Das ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil and its Major Component (Carlina oxide) of Carlina hispanica Roots from Western Algeria

Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants ◽

10.1080/0972060x.2021.2005692 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 1113-1124

Author(s):

Radja Achiri ◽

Lyna Benhamidat ◽

Imane Rihab Mami ◽

Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽

Nadia Aissaoui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Western Algeria ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of lavender essential oil

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/0001-3765201520150056 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 (2 suppl) ◽

pp. 1397-1408 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

GABRIELA L. DA SILVA ◽

CAROLINA LUFT ◽

ADROALDO LUNARDELLI ◽

ROBSON H. AMARAL ◽

DENIZAR A. DA SILVA MELO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Positive Control ◽

Croton Oil ◽

Antinociceptive Effects ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Dose Dependent

Several studies have investigated the antinociceptive, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of compounds found in the lavender essential oil (LEO), however to date, there is still lack of substantial data. The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of lavender essential oil. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical decolorization assay was used for antioxidant activity evaluation. The anti-inflammatory activity was tested using two models of acute inflammation: carrageenan-induced pleurisy and croton oil-induced ear edema. The antinociceptive activity was tested using the pain model induced by formalin. LEO has antioxidant activity, which is dose-dependent response. The inflammatory response evoked by carrageenan and by croton oil was reduced through the pre-treatment of animals with LEO. In the pleurisy model, the drug used as positive control, dexamethasone, was more efficacious. However, in the ear swelling, the antiedematogenic effect of the oil was similar to that observed for dexamethasone. In the formalin test, LEO consistently inhibited spontaneous nociception and presented a similar effect to that of tramadol. The results of this study reveal (in vivo) the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of LEO and demonstrates its important therapeutic potential.

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