scholarly journals Read Something Once, Why Read it Again?: Repetitive Reading and Recall

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerrold E. Barnett ◽  
Richard W. Seefeldt
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Transfer Test ◽  
Poor Readers ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Good Readers ◽  
Instruction Group ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
High Ability Students ◽  
Facilitated Recall

Seventy-two college students were instructed that they would be reading a text either once or twice. Then, half of each instruction group were allowed to read the text once, and half were required to read the text twice. All subjects were then tested for factual retention and for transfer. The instruction that a text could be read twice facilitated recall, even if the text was only read once. Reduced anxiety appears to be the simplest explanation for this. Reading a text twice increased factual retention, but on the transfer test, an interaction with ability was found. Only high ability students showed improvement with a second reading on the transfer test. Results are interpreted in terms of Mayer's processing strategies in that good readers benefit both qualitatively and quantitatively from repetition. Poor readers benefit only quantitatively from the opportunity to reread.

scholarly journals Analisis Kesalahan Penyelesaian Soal Cerita Berdasarkan Kriteria Watson

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Sri Hariyani ◽  
Fitria Nur Kusti Aisyah ◽  
Riski Nur Istiqomah Dinullah
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Inaccurate Data ◽  
High Ability Students ◽  
Data Checking

This study aims to analyze errors by students in problem-solving of mathematical story based on Watson criteria. The subjects of this study were two high-ability students, two moderate-ability students, and two low-ability students. This study at class VII-C SMP NU Sunan Giri Kepanjen. The instruments used are written tests and interviews — the validity of the data checking by the triangulation of sources that compare test results and interview data. Data analysis used is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The students' errors were analyzed using the Watson error category, which consisted of 8 errors. The results showed that based on Watson's error criteria, the mistakes that occurred were inaccurate data, improper procedures, skill hierarchy problems, missing data, nothing manipulation directly, conflict level response, missing conclusions and in addition to the seven categories. The results of this study are expected to be an input for the teacher about the types of student's errors at SMP Sunan Giri Kepanjen.

The association between comprehension of spoken sentences and early reading ability: the role of phonetic representation

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia A. Mann ◽  
Donald Shankweiler ◽  
Suzanne T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Poor Readers ◽  
Good Readers ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Syntactic Development ◽  
Good And Poor Readers ◽  
Phonetic Representation

ABSTRACTWhen repeating spoken sentences, children who are good readers tend to be more accurate than poor readers because they are able to make more effective use of phonetic representation in the service of working memory (Mann, Liberman & Shankweiler 1980). This study of good and poor readers in the third grade has assessed both the repetition and comprehension of relative-clause sentences to explore more fully the association between early reading ability, spoken sentence processing and use of phonetic representation. It was found that the poor readers did less well than the good readers on sentence comprehension as well as on sentence repetition, and that their comprehension errors reflected a greater reliance on two sentence-processing strategies favoured by young children: the minimum-distance principle and conjoined-clause analysis. In general, the pattern of results is consonant with a view that difficulties with phonetic representation could underlie the inferior sentence comprehension of poor beginning readers. The finding that these children place greater reliance on immature processing strategies raises the further possibility that the tempo of their syntactic development may be slower than that of good readers.

Grading System and Student Effort

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Paredes
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Grading System ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Student Effort ◽  
Grading Systems ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Ability Students ◽  
Unique Dataset ◽  
Low Ability

Several papers have proposed that the grading system affects students’ incentives to exert effort. In particular, the previous literature has compared student effort under relative and absolute grading systems, but the results are mixed and the implications of the models have not been empirically tested. In this paper, I build a model where students maximize their utility by choosing effort. I investigate how student effort changes when there is a change in the grading system from absolute grading to relative grading. I use a unique dataset from college students in Chile who faced a change in the grading system to test the implications of my model. My model predicts that, for low levels of uncertainty, low-ability students exert less effort with absolute grading, and high-ability students exert more effort with absolute grading. The data confirm that there is a change in the distribution of effort.

High-Ability College Students and Undergraduate Honors Programs: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-215
Author(s):  
Anne N. Rinn ◽  
Jonathan A. Plucker
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Honors Programs ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Honors Education ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Ability Students

Meeting the intellectual needs of high-ability students does not end upon graduation from high school. However, limited attention is paid to the important topic of postsecondary advanced learning in the research literature. In this systematic review, we identified 52 empirical studies published during the past 15 years. Results suggest various cognitive and psychosocial factors influence achievement among high-ability college students and that honors programming leads to positive student outcomes. The findings are discussed in light of the need for an understanding of high-ability college students and postsecondary honors education.

Are Students Left Behind? The Distributional Effects of the No Child Left Behind Act

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Krieg
Keyword(s):  
No Child Left Behind ◽  
Public School ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Pass Rate ◽  
High Ability ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Distributional Effects ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
High Ability Students

The No Child Left Behind Act imposes sanctions on schools if the fraction of students demonstrating proficiency on a high-stakes test falls below a statewide pass rate. While the motivation behind this system is improved public school performance, it also provides incentives for schools to focus educational resources on the marginal student rather than those on the tails of the ability distribution. Using statewide, student-level panel data, students on the tails of the ability distribution, especially high-ability students, are demonstrated to score below expectations if their school is in danger from No Child Left Behind sanctions.

The Impact of Reading Competence on the Ability to Take a Perspective

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Grabe ◽  
Walt Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Reading Instruction ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Poor Readers ◽  
Vocabulary Test ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Good Readers ◽  
Reading Competence ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Impact

Students grouped as good or poor readers on the basis of a vocabulary test were asked to read a story from a certain perspective or with instructions to read carefully. While the groups given a perspective recalled more information than the control groups, the most interesting results came from the significant interaction of reading ability, reading instruction and type of information. Relative to good readers in the control condition, good readers given a perspective responded with greater recall of information related to the perspective. The poor readers appeared unable or unwilling to use the perspective in differentially processing the perspective relevant sentences.

The Application of the Boder Test of Reading-Spelling Patterns To the Assessment of Learning Disabilities in French Immersion Poor Readers

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Corrinne A. Wiss ◽  
Wendy Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
French Immersion ◽  
Poor Readers ◽  
Reading Problems ◽  
Good Readers ◽  
Spelling Errors ◽  
Assessment Of Learning ◽  
Good And Poor Readers

The Boder Test of Reading-Spelling Patterns (Boder & Jarrico, 1982) is a widely used method for screening and defining reading problems at the level of the word. In order to apply this method in another language, in this case French, criteria for determining what constitutes a good phonetic equivalent for a misspelled word are required. It is essential to know which errors differentiate good and poor readers since errors that are commonly made by good readers are not diagnostic. This paper reports guidelines which have been developed by analyzing spelling errors in a sample of good and poor French immersion readers. These criteria for good phonetic equivalents can be applied, along with the method outlined in the Boder test manual, and used as an assessment tool for screening decoding and encoding problems in French immersion children. When used in conjunction with the English test, the assessment provides bilingual comparisons and guidelines for remedial programming.

The Pronunciation of Familiar, Unfamiliar and Synthetic Words by Good and Poor Adolescent Readers

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra S. Smiley ◽  
Frank L. Pasquale ◽  
Cristine L. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Word List ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Poor Readers ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Seventh Grade ◽  
Good Readers ◽  
Adolescent Readers ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Actual Word

The word pronunciations of good and poor seventh-grade readers were compared to second-, fifth-, and sixth-grade readers previously tested on similar lists of actual and synthetic words. On the actual word list, poor readers correctly pronounced about the same number of words as a combined group of normal second- and fifth-grade readers, but fewer words than did the seventh-grade good readers. On the synthetic word list, the performance of the poor readers was comparable to good seventh-grade readers except for the long vowels where their performance most closely resembled poor second-grade readers. The implications of this pattern of results are discussed.

Helping High Ability Students Overcome Math Anxiety through Bibliotherapy

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Hébert ◽  
Joseph M. Furner
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Math Anxiety ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
High Ability Students ◽  
Learning And Instruction

Affective factors play a critical role in mathematics learning and instruction. Evidence of negative attitudes and high levels of anxiety toward mathematics is abundant. Since math anxiety is widespread and the need for the understanding of mathematics is critical to success in school, secondary teachers need practical classroom strategies to use to relieve these anxious feelings in their high ability students. Bibliotherapy is one such strategy through which secondary students may gain helpful insights to deal with their math anxiety. The article provides a lesson plan featuring Math Curse and then suggests available literature dealing with math anxiety.

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