Exploring groups of simulated gambling behaviour: a typological study among Danish adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Kristiansen ◽  
Majbritt Christine Severin
Keyword(s):  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Simulated Gambling

The Grasp Cell Hypothesis: Near-miss effect points to common neurological machinery in posterior parietal cortex for controllable objects and concepts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imogen M Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Drug Seeking ◽  
Spatial Influence ◽  
Reward Probability ◽  
Posterior Parietal ◽  
Action Value

The near-miss effect in gambling behaviour occurs when an outcome which is close to a win outcome invigorates gambling behaviour notwithstanding lack of associated reward. In this paper I postulate that the processing of concepts which are deemed controllable is rooted in neurological machinery located in the posterior parietal cortex specialised for the processing of objects which are immediately actionable or controllable because they are within reach. I theorise that the use of a common machinery facilitates spatial influence on the perception of concepts such that the win outcome which is 'almost complete' is perceived as being 'almost within reach'. The perceived realisability of the win increases subjective reward probability and the associated expected action value which impacts decision-making and behaviour. This novel hypothesis is the first to offer a neurological model which can comprehensively explain many empirical findings associated with the near-miss effect as well as other gambling phenomena such as the ‘illusion of control’. Furthermore, when extended to other compulsive behaviours such as drug addiction, the model can offer an explanation for continued drug-seeking following devaluation and for the increase in cravings in response to perceived opportunity to self-administer, neither of which can be explained by simple reinforcement models alone. This paper therefore provides an innovative and unifying perspective for the study and treatment of behavioural and substance addictions.

The Relative and Interactive Effects of Actual and Perceived Gambling Exposure on Gambling Behaviour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Ofori Dei ◽  
D. R. Christensen ◽  
O. A. Awosoga ◽  
B. K. Lee ◽  
A. C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Gambling Behaviour

scholarly journals Gambling and ageing: less illusion but more risk

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Maylis Fontaine ◽  
Valérie Le Floch ◽  
Céline Lemercier
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Seniors are a population of concern due to exposure to both increasing gambling venues and powerful age-specific risk factors. There has been only limited research on this population so far, but studies conducted among younger adults suggest that the illusion of control is a key factor, leading players to develop strategies that increase their risk-taking in gambling. Time perspective (TP) is a good indicator of risky behaviours in a number of different areas, including health and the environment. In the present study, we sought to identify the age-specific cognitive mechanisms underlying gambling behaviour in normal ageing. We asked 115 emerging adults (mean age = 20.86 years), 86 young adults (mean age = 30.59), 82 middle-aged adults (mean age = 44.57) and 108 seniors (mean age = 65.19) to play an online game. We rated their illusion of control, risk-taking and TP. Analysis revealed that seniors took more risks and had less illusion of control than younger adults. The fatalistic-present TP positively influenced the illusion of control, such that perceiving the present as being determined by uncontrollable forces increased the perceived level of control. Finally, we found an influence of age on TP. These results suggest that seniors constitute a specific population in terms of gambling-related cognitions and behaviours. Including TP in risky behaviour assessments would allow the development of tailor-made preventive measures.

Transition from playing with simulated gambling games to gambling with real money: a longitudinal study in adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Dussault ◽  
Natacha Brunelle ◽  
Sylvia Kairouz ◽  
Michel Rousseau ◽  
Danielle Leclerc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Real Money ◽  
Simulated Gambling

scholarly journals Playing for fun or gambling for money: a qualitative longitudinal study of digitally simulated gambling among young Danes

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Søren Kristiansen ◽  
Maria Camilla Trabjerg ◽  
Nanna Reventlov Lauth ◽  
Anders Malling
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Gambling Market ◽  
Simulated Gambling

Purpose The study aims to explore the types of simulated games and gambling platforms used by adolescents, adolescent’s experiences, motivations and behaviors vis-à-vis simulated gambling and the potential interrelationships between simulated and monetary forms gambling. Design/methodology/approach Data was obtained from a qualitative longitudinal panel study with three waves of individual interviews. A cohort of 51 young Danes, with varying levels of gambling involvement, were interviewed three times, with a 10-12 frequency from 2011 to 2014. In total, 149 interviews were conducted over the 4-year period. Findings Enjoying social interactional effects appeared to be the main reasons young people engage in simulated gambling games. The study documented characteristics of both a catalyst pathway and a containment pathway emphasizing that for some young people simulated gambling may increase the likelihood of involvement in real money gambling while it may decrease it for others. Research limitations/implications The sample was relatively limited and it involved participants from only one of the five Danish regions. The sample reflects the culture, rural/urban configuration and gambling market of a specific geographic region. Practical implications Some forms of simulated digital gambling may provide players with excitement and unrealistic conceptions of winning chances, which, in turn, may encourage participation in real forms of gambling. This may call for regulatory policies aiming at the structural features of simulated gambling products and their rapid global spread. Consumer campaigns aimed at both young people themselves and their parents may be considered. Originality/value Few studies have provided insights into the meanings and motivations of young people engaged in simulated gambling. The current study is among the first to explore adolescent’s experiences, motivations and behaviors vis-à-vis simulated gambling and the potential interrelationships between simulated and monetary forms gambling.

DRD4 polymorphism predicts the effect of L-DOPA on gambling behaviour

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1049-1049
Author(s):  
C. Eisenegger ◽  
D. Knoch ◽  
R.P. Ebstein ◽  
L.R.R. Gianotti ◽  
P.S. Sándor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
D4 Receptor ◽  
Challenging Question ◽  
Dopaminergic Stimulation ◽  
Dopamine Modulation

A challenging question in the fields of neuroscience and addiction research is why some individuals are more vulnerable than others to addictive disorders. Pharmacogenetic studies investigating how genetic variation leads to differential drug response offer a way to unravel this mystery.In recent years, impulse control disorders, in particular pathological gambling, have been described in Parkinson's patients; these problems are most likely associated with dopaminergic treatment. Interestingly, only a subgroup of Parkinson's patients develops pathological gambling, raising the question whether there might be an interaction between genetic predisposition and dopaminergic drug administration. By applying a pharmacogenetic approach in 200 healthy subjects, we observed a differential effect of dopaminergic stimulation using 300 mg of L-DOPA on gambling behaviour, depending on variation in the dopamine D4 receptor gene. Carriers of the 7 repeats allele of the DRD4 exon III variable number tandem repeat polymorphism show an increased propensity to gamble after dopamine modulation. These findings may have implications for the dopaminergic treatment of Parkinson's disease patients by offering a genotype approach for determining individual susceptibilities for pathological gambling. They may also afford insights into the vulnerability mechanisms underlying addictive behaviour.

scholarly journals And That is Where the Fun Ends – General Practitioners’ Conceptualisation of the Line between Recreational and Problem Gambling

2014 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Dieter Egerer ◽  
Virve Marionneau
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

AbstractAIMS – Problem gambling is normally identified by fixed criteria of harm adapted from those of substance abuse and by focusing on the individual gambler. However, rigid definitions neglect institutional variations of gambling practices within different legislative configurations. This study proposes analysing the line between recreational and problem gambling by focusing on gambling behaviour and looking at the corruption of the defining factors of play (Caillois, 1958) in three different institutional contexts. DESIGN – A stimulated focus-group method (Reception Analytical Group Interview) was applied to seven groups of Finnish and French general practitioners each and three groups of German ones to study the variations of conceptualising the defining factors of play as introduced by Caillois. RESULTS – Corruption of play was distinguished by participants from all three countries as the dividing line between recreational and problem gambling, but cultural variations were found: the French and German GPs emphasised the loss of the exceptionality of gambling, whereas the Finnish GPs highlighted the invasion of the home by online gambling. Furthermore, the Finnish and German participants were more concerned about the use of gambling as an emotional regulator, while French GPs echoed the French medical model in discussing the adrenaline rush of problem gamblers. CONCLUSIONS – Caillois’ defining factors of play can be used to distinguish recreational from problem gambling and to offer a more encompassing definition of problem gambling. The perception of the line between recreational and problem gambling also seems to depend on the institutional and cultural context.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document