Distraction and Time Estimation

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Von Sturmer ◽  
Tong Wong ◽  
Max Coltheart
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Data Support ◽  
The Subject

It is argued that events which occur during an interval of time which is being judged may be classified in terms of their effects on the alertness of the subject, and in terms of the degree to which they distract him from the task of detecting and processing time-relevant cues. A distracting task, defined by the number of arithmetical operations a subject was required to perform, was presented while reproductions of an interval were being made. The data support the prediction that the higher the level of distraction, the less time a subject will judge to have elapsed during an objective period.

Controllability of Motor Imagery and Transformation of Visual Imagery

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Naito
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
As If

This study examined the relation between control of motor imagery and generation and transformation of visual imagery by testing 54 subjects. We used two measures of the Controllability of Motor Imagery test to evaluate the ability to control motor imagery. One was a recognition test on which the subject imagines as if one sees another's movement, and the other was a regeneration test on which one imagines as if one moves one's own body. The former test score was related to processing time of a mental rotation task and the latter one was not but would reflect sport experience. It was concluded that two meanings of the test could reflect different aspects such as observational motor imagery and body-centered motor imagery.

Time Estimation and Juvenile Delinquency

1994 ◽  
Vol 79 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1559-1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Carrillo-De-La-Peña ◽  
M. A. Luengo
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Time Perception ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Delinquent Activity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Relationship

Certain empirical evidence suggests that subjects prone to delinquent activity may have faster internal clocks than others. To investigate the relationship between antisocial behavior and time perception and its dependence on the experimental time interval and method and on whether the subject is institutionalized we obtained verbal and production estimates of 5-, 15-, 30-, and 60-sec. intervals from 249 adolescents (156 school attenders and 93 institutionalized subjects) classified into 3 groups according to the intensity of their antisocial activity. Results provide no support for the hypothesis that overestimation of short time intervals is associated with either juvenile delinquency or institutionalization.

The Effect of Feature Uncertainty on Spatial Discriminations

Perception ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufin Vogels ◽  
Hilde Eeckhout ◽  
Guy A Orban
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stimulus Processing ◽  
Uncertainty Condition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Stimulus Offset

Just noticeable differences (JNDs) in orientation and spatial frequency were measured under two conditions. In one condition the subject was cued before stimulus presentation as to the feature to be discriminated on that trial, while in the other condition the subject was cued only after stimulus offset. JNDs were larger in the latter, feature uncertainty, condition. This feature uncertainty effect increased with decreasing stimulus processing time. The results suggest that this feature uncertainty effect is of sensorial origin. They also demonstrate that it is possible for humans to address selectively those mechanisms that are most relevant for a given discrimination task.

Estimation of Time to Vehicle Arrival—Effects of Age on Use of Available Visual Information

Perception ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 947-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Errol R Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Movement Distance ◽  
The Subject

Subjects estimated time of vehicle arrival while viewing twenty-four film clips of an approaching vehicle, half with a constant viewing time of 4.2 s and half with a constant vehicle-movement distance of 40 m. The distances from the subject at which the film ended were 20, 60, and 100 m. Speeds of approach varied between 7.45 and 15.44 ms−1. Performance was strongly dependent on age of the subject. Subjects in the 5-6-year-old group made estimates based on the distance of the vehicle; at 7 – 8 years an interaction between the effects of distance and velocity appeared and for 9–10-year-olds there was a main effect of the vehicle velocity. Only for adults was the information from distance and velocity fully integrated. There was no significant difference between males and females for any of the age groups. Performance of adults was very similar to that reported by other authors in that subjects underestimated the time to arrival of the vehicle, with estimated times about 60% of the actual times. Standard deviations of the estimated times were such that a small percentage of subjects overestimated times and hence would have caused a collision if they had proceeded with a crossing. The mechanism of time estimation was strongly dependent on the angular velocity of the vehicle subtended at the eye of the observer. This must exceed a threshold value of about 0.002 rad s_1 (adults) if a linear relationship between estimated and actual times is to be obtained.

scholarly journals The use of fuzzy sets to determine the parameters of genetic algorithms that provide approximately the same execution time on the CPU and GPU

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032025
Author(s):  
Oleg Agibalov ◽  
Nikolay Ventsov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Fuzzy Numbers ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
Hardware Architectures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Gpu Architectures ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Gpu Architecture

Abstract The problem under consideration consists in choosing the number of k individuals, so that the time for processing k individuals by the genetic algorithm (GA) on the CPU architecture is close to the time for processing l individuals on the GPU architecture by the genetic algorithm. The initial information is data arrays containing information about the processing time of a given number of individuals by the genetic algorithm on the available hardware architectures. Fuzzy numbers are determined based on these arrays?~? and?~?, describing the processing time of a given number of individuals, respectively, on the CPU and GPU architectures. The peculiarities of the subject area do not allow considering the well-known methods of comparison based on the equalities of the membership functions and the nearest clear sets as adequate. Based on the known formula “close to Y (around Y)” the way to compare fuzzy numbers?~? and?~? was developed in order to determine the degree of closeness of the processing time of k and l individuals, respectively, on the hardware architectures of the CPU and GPU.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document