Looking for the core of the Cold War, and finding a mirage?a

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Grosser
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Cold War

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Jane Caplan
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
German History ◽  
The Core ◽  
German States ◽  
Nazi Past ◽  
Core Questions ◽  
The Cold War

The Epilogue considers the core questions raised in earlier chapters: the place of National Socialism in German history and what it meant to be ‘German’ after the defeat of Nazism. Trials of leading figures in the regime in 1945–9 were a first step, but addressing responsibility for Nazi crimes was a prolonged and uneven process. How Germans confronted the Nazi past was affected by the establishment of two separate German states in 1949, the Cold War, the unification of Germany in 1990, and the eventual development of an international culture of Holocaust.

Isaiah Berlin, Four Essays on Liberty

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Isaiah Berlin ◽  
The Core ◽  
Negative Liberty ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Communism ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Sacrifice

This chapter on Isaiah Berlin’s Four Essays on Liberty centers on the most famous piece in it, “Two Concepts of Liberty.” As a matter of genre, it is an essay in conceptual analysis. Because liberty is a historically inflected concept, it is also an essay in the history of ideas. The chapter argues that Berlin was a “Cold War liberal” only in the limited sense that he campaigned against all doctrines that licensed the sacrifice of real individuals on the altar of impersonal entities such as the proletariat or the nation, and Soviet Communism was a salient case both because of the Cold War and Berlin’s own Russian origins. Individuals have an inviolability that governments of any stripe must not infringe. That is the core of negative liberty. Positively, Berlin’s faith was that unimpeded, individuals with adequate resources would spontaneously lead varied and vivid existences.

The End of the Cold War as a Hard Case for Ideas

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Wohlforth
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Hard Case ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Cold War

The articles in this special issue of the journal succeeded in meeting the core objective set out in the introduction: to refine, deepen, and extend previous studies of the role of ideas in the end of the Cold War. In particular, they confront more forthrightly than past studies a major challenge of studying ideas in this case; namely, that ideas, material incentives, and policy all covaried. Two other important problems for those seeking to establish an independent role for ideas remain to be addressed in future studies. Facing those problems as squarely as the contributors to this issue have faced the covariation problem will yield major benefits for the study of ideas in this case and in international relations more generally.

Introduction: The Political Ambiguities of Pius XII

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Simon Unger-Alvi
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
German History ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War

Abstract This collection of essays evaluates the relations between Eugenio Pacelli and Germany from the beginning of his career as a papal nuncio in Munich in 1917 until his pontificate during the wartime and post-war periods. The contributions to this volume do not provide a complete overview of this topic. Instead, they should be understood as case studies on certain aspects of Vatican-German history. At the core of this work are the complexities and ambiguities of papal politics between four political systems from the Kaiserreich to the West German Federal Republic. Ultimately, this volume thus touches upon very diverse subjects ranging from Pacelli’s ‚concordat diplomacy‘ in the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich to his silence during the Holocaust and the German occupation of Italy, the anti-communism of the Cold War, and the Vatican’s path towards reform in the post-war period.

scholarly journals Turkey’ s Empowerment and Tendencies for Islamic Core State

SEEU Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Gurakuç Kuçi
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
World Order ◽  
Core State ◽  
The West ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Short Time

Abstract The end of the Cold War changed the world order. This change created opportunities for a short time to have an international hegemony to switch to international polycentrism. Huntington had anticipated and explained a confrontation and remake of the international order. This author explains that Islam as a civilization does not have a core state like other civilizations. Turkey today is one of these countries which is trying to take this role of the core state for Islamic civilization. The creation of the core state for Islamic civilization, and the making of all world civilizations with core states, pushed the world into the “civil-centrism” international detachment. However, Turkey as a core for Islam civilization, to the nuclearisation of Turkey can be done with the blessing and assistance of the “West”. Creating these civil-centrist centres also makes it possible to achieve peace and agreements in the global interest more easily.

From Cold War Island to Low Carbon Island

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-Yueh Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The Core ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Distributed Power System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Future Management

Kinmen’s military landscape is a legacy to the history of war. Since the abolishment of military administration after the Cold War, Kinmen Island has transformed from a front-line to a tourist-oriented island. Due to the recent opening of relations between Taiwan and China, there has been a large influx of tourists into Kinmen Island to visit its rich ecosystems and the historic battlefields, leading the author to rethink the future management of the island. As Kinmen Island lacks electricity and water resources, the development of renewable energy to render Kinmen a low-carbon island has been identified as the best option. To achieve this goal, the installation of a distributed power system integrated with abandoned military facilities to replace the centralized power plant on the island would benefit development and would represent the core strategy of the low-carbon initiative.

Pan‐European Integration: A Real or Imagined Community?

1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
The Core ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
Economic Application ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
West European

EUROPEAN INTEGRATION — THE PHRASE WAS USED SO EASILY TO connote a process that might, over a period, incorporate most of the continent. But in the four decades when the cold war segmented Europe the notion of extensive integration seemed irrelevant; in practice integration has been consolidated as an essentially West European phenomenon. The policy scope, the economic application, the security implications and the institutional frameworks of integration became concentrated around the core countries of Western Europe. Similarly the underpinning understandings about solidarity and mutual commitment were formulated on the assumption that a hard boundary separated those Europeans capable of being engaged from those who were prevented from so doing. There were few among those who studied this West European process who kept the wider Europe in mind. Ghiţa Ionescu was unusual in always keeping an eye open to developments in both parts of the continent, a legacy that all of us who worked with him cherish. The burden that he leaves us is of trying to figure out whether integration can be given substance as a process for pan-Europe.

Emigré Economists and American Neoclassical Economics, 1933–1945

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Mongiovi
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Graduate Faculty ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
New School ◽  
The Core ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
The Cold War

The rise of European fascism in the 1920s and '30s triggered the greatest migration of intellectual capital the world has ever known. This paper is concerned with the German-speaking economists who formed the core of the original Graduate Faculty of the New School for Social Research. Among émigré economists of the interwar period, those who found refuge at the New School exerted a distinctive influence on American economics, partly owing to their concentration at a single institution, and partly by virtue of the character and quality of their work. The paper has three aims: to provide an overview of the contributions of these economists, to assess their impact on American economics, and to account for the apparent evaporation of their legacy after the onset of the Cold War.

Assessing the Steps to War

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAUL D. SENESE ◽  
JOHN A. VASQUEZ
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Conflict ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Territorial Disputes ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
The Core ◽  
Full Support ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Militarized Interstate Dispute ◽  
The Cold War

This analysis outlines and tests the steps-to-war explanation of international conflict. At the core of this explanation is the expectation that territorial disputes are a key source of war and that as states that have these disputes make politically relevant alliances, have recurring disputes and build up their military forces against each other, they will experience ever-increasing probabilities of war. The absence of these risk factors is expected to lessen the chances of severe conflict. Utilizing the Militarized Interstate Dispute data of the Correlates of War project, the data analyses provide full support for the steps-to-war explanation during the 1816–1945 era and partial support for the Cold War nuclear 1946–92 span. Among the findings for this latter period is the presence of a curvilinear relationship between the number of prior disputes and the probability of war – after a large number of disputes, states begin to ritualize their behaviour at levels short of war.

scholarly journals Socialist Constitutional Legacies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-25
Author(s):  
Sergei Belov ◽  
William Partlett ◽  
Alexandra Troitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
Political Structures ◽  
The Cold War

With the end of the Cold War, many assumed that socialism, together with the specific constitutional values and political structures was dead (or dying). This article will challenge these assumptions. Post-Cold War reality did not, however, follow these assumptions. Some countries, especially in Asia, continue to adhere to socialist constitutional approaches. Some cannot fully overcome their socialist legacy. And still others include socialist values in their constitutions and practice. These values and ideas warrant study. Most notably, socialism carries with it a certain set of values and, consequently, a corresponding pressure on legal institutions. The authors, guest editors of this special issue of the Russian Law Journal on the socialist legacies in the world constitutions, outline a general approach for the study of socialist constitutional legacies. The article therefore addresses (a) the methodology of socialist constitutional legacies analysis, (b) the core values of the socialist constitutions and (c) ways in which socialist constitutional ideas and concepts can be combined with the principles of constitutionalism. This analysis raises a number of important – but under-researched questions. One is the extent to which these socialist ideas or concepts are actually socialist. Another is the extent to which these ideas can be included in constitutional discourse.

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